US2041641A - Hair waving device - Google Patents

Description

May 19, 1936.- 5. GRASSO 2,041,641

HAIR WAVING DEVI CE Filed Sept. 18, 19:55 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 547V 7/ G/msso May 19, 1936. s sso 2,041,641

HAIR WAV I'NG DEVI CE Filed Sept. 18, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented May 19, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT oFEicE SMZ Z JZTLIL'Z P.

Application September 18, 1935, Serial No. 41,169 14 Claims. (Cl. 132-36) This invention relates to hair waving or curling methods and devices, with reference more particularly to means for maintaining the necessary amount of moisture in the hair for setting by the croquignole system of permanent hair waving.

In the process as now generally practiced, each lock of hair is passed through a felt scalp-protector pad drawn close to the base, combed smooth, and dampened with a wave-setting liquid. A clamp is next secured upon the hair look, just above the protector pad, the'lock again combed smooth, and a curling rod then gripped to .the end and rotated inwardly upon the lock to wind or roll it upon itself thereon down to the clamp, onto which the rod is fastened and rotated further to tighten the wind and bind said rod thereupon. A pad, comprising an outer layer of metal foil, an inner layer of paper and an intermediate layer of felt, which is moistened with the setting liquid, is then pressed over the hair roll or windings on the curling rod, and the heater memberin the form of a clamp-finally engaged over said pad and rod for the heat application.

a The preparatory winding of the hair thus direct upon itself is not as facilitated nor as effectual as it should be for the best results, because the irregular lengths in any hair lock render it almost impossible to grip and lay them smoothly upon the curling rod, so that many of the ends become loosened and snarled within the wind,

with resultant imperfect curling. Moreover, it is difllcult to comb and hold the hair so as to wind flat and evenly upon the rod. Only skilled and well experienced hands can' arrange the hair to produce a perfect curl. A further lack of effectuality is that the moistening pad laid over the hair curled upon the'rod does not completely cover the hair nor apply the moisture to more than the outermost winding. A considerable amount of the coiled hair is exposed under 'the rod, which the pad does not reach, and the exposed area permits a ready escape of the moisture from the hair, which may penetrate to. the scalp, especially from the rod ends, and cause a. severe burn. Apart from this measurable possibility of burn, which frequently occurs, portions of the hair will, accordingly, be dry and other parts will be -wet when the curling apparatus is removed.

An object of the present invention is to provide a covering for the hair between its windings on the rod, which will apply and maintain the required moisture to the hair and so eliminate the necessity of dampening the hair before it is wound upon the rod, such covering to embrace the hair along most of its length down to a point general concept and advantages of the same will below the applied clamp over the scalp and greatly minimize if not to eliminate the escape of moisture and possible burning of the scalp by the heated vapor.

Another object is to provide a means'for ar-. 5 ranging and holding the hair smooth and evenly for winding on the curling rod, so as to prevent snarling and loosening of short ends and lay all of the hair properly upon the rod.

Another object is to provide a means of the 10 stated character which may be conveniently,

easily and quickly applied to the hair or lock of the same, for greater expedition and facility in preparing the hair for curling, the same to afford adequate protection of the scalp and hair 15 roots as well as to surround the hair with a moisture. V

Another object is to provide a means ofthe stated character which will be of so nominal a cost as compared with other appliances in use 20 that it may be substituted without added appreciable expense and may be discarded after a curling operation to avoid use upon more than one person.

The invention will be described by reference to 25 illustrative embodiments thereof shown in the accompanying drawings, from which and the following specification, other objects as well as the be apparent.

In said drawings: Fig. 1' is a perspective view of one form of the appliance;

Fig. 2 isa similar view of the same applied to a lock of hair next to the scalp in position for 35 covering over the hair;

Fig. 3 is a corresponding view of the appliance in covering over the hair with the clamp member secured thereon and the curling rod in position for winding or rolling into place;

Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing the winding on said rod with the latter fastened in place upon the clamp; and

Figs. 5 to 10 inclusive represent diflerent possible modifications of the appliance. 45

Referring first to Fig. 1, the illustrated appliance or device includes a base memberor pad ll providing a scalp protector to guard against burn from hot moisture. This protector base or pad may beformed of any material suitable for the purpose, but is preferably provided by a piece of insulativ'e, semi-pliant, fibrous sheet or paper material, such as cardboard which is inexpensive as well as an effective heat deflector. An elonsated slot or slit l2 formed in extension from the 56 .if .desired, also to the hair itself.

edge, in this instance longitudinally, adapts the pad to be applied in a side-wise direction to a lock of hair by simply engaging or slipping it slit or opening and must be drawn down over the hair passed therethrough. Moreover, it avoids the ruffling and straggling of hair ends, that occurs with the ordinary felt pad, in applying to position, because it slides in even gather over the hair in its cross-wise instead of av The semilengthwise movement into place. pliant or relatively inelastic and unflexible nature of the protector makes it well adapted to the urpose.

Disposed in a lateral relation to said protector pad, is a secondary member or pad i3 provides a wrapper covering for the lock of hair engaged by the former to be curled. This secondary pad or wrapper, comprising the two pieces I 3 and I3", in this instance, is preferably made unitary with the base or protector member, so as to be appliable therewith in a side-wise direction to the hair look, in position for engaging or covering lengthwise over the same. To that end it is attached to said protector pad by portional cementing or other securing along the line of the elongateslot of the protector as represented at N, the two pieces of the instant embodiment being aflixed one at one side and one at the other side of said slot, so that the hair will lie between its two overfold parts. The wrapper, which is designed to maintain the required moisture in the hair during the curling-with heat-operation, as well as to jacket the hair, is comand as shown in Fig. 2, wherein I6 represents the hair lock growing from the scalp l1. Before so applying, the usual curling or setting liquid is applied to the jacketing or wrapper part, either by daubing over or by dipping in said liquid, and, The wrapper is then engaged upon th hair look extended outward and first combed or brushed smooth to an even spread, in this instance by folding one part (l3 over the other (I3 with the hair lying flat upon the inner surface. Having'the .hair thus laid and retained between its moist- V ened folds, the wrapper is thereupon grasped by the: fingers and held taut while the clamp member I8 is secured thereover above the base or protector part of said appliance, as shown in Fig. 3;. Still grasped by the fingers, or regraspedafter another combing of the hair within its ing rod, lengthwise or downwardly toward the protector pad or scalp, to the point near its base where said rod may engage with the aforesaid clamp member, onto which the rod is fastened and turned further to tighten the wind and 5 fix it in place as shown in Fig. 4. The heater member 20, shown in the usual encompassing clamp form, is finally engaged over the coiled wrapper and curling rod for the heat operation tofollow. 10 Thus the wrapper part, overengaging the smooth flattened hair lock lengthwise down to the -Joinder with and surface level of the protector part of the appliance, provides a covering between the windings of the hair on the curling rod, with a jacketing of the whole. It will be observed that it also covers the hair between the winding and bite of the clamp below, as well as between and below the jaw elements of said clamp. Its application over the hair within the clamp, moreover, tightens the bite of the latter. Accordingly, the wrapper effectually maintains the applied necessary moisture to the hair in uniformity throughout, and together with its as-. sociated base pad, closes the ordinary escape channels to the scalp, so as to greatly minimize, if not wholly to eliminate, the possibility of burn' from hot vapor. This, in addition to its insurance of a smooth even winding of the hair on the curling rod, so as to produce an improved curling, renders the appliance eminently desirable of use. The convenience, ease and rapidity with which it may be applied to the hair is another decided advantage. Experiment furthermore has shown that it reduces the heating time necessary to properly set the 'curl, a perfect curling or waving having been attained therewith in twelve to fifteen minutes of heat appliance as compared with the twenty to twenty-five minutes ordinarily required. Since the appliance is very 40 inexpensive to make, it may be used in fresh numbers for each subject for sanitary purposes, without appreciable cost.

Referring now to the modifications: In the embodiment illustrated by Fig. 5, the wrapper part of the appliance is formed in a single piece comprised of the portions l3 and l3 arranged to fold one over the other around the hair look on the line 2|, as indicated by the arrow. Only one portion, i. e. l3, in this instance, is attached to the base or protector part (I I), which is the same, along its slot line, but it will be observed that the other portion, 1. e. l3 is adapted to bear or rest on said base when folded over.

- The modification of Fig. 6 is substantially the same except that both of the two portions l3 and l3 comprising the single wrapper piece and folded on the line 22 are attached to the base part of the appliance, one at one side and the other at the other side of the slot. Thus the wrapper is open along one side edge only.

Fig. 7 illustrates a form wherein the wrapper may comprise a single strip piece l3 attached at one side of the slot to the base part. In this instance, of course, the wrapper will engage over only one side of the hair lock and is not so effectual as the other forms for such reason, but it nevertheless covers or jackets the hair windings on the curling rod and fulfills the same intended function to a large extent. Fig. 8 exemplifies a slight modification of the appliance in a particular already described, wherein the wrapper part in two pieces I3 and It corresponding to ISaand l3? of Fig. 1, omits the flannelette facing or liner I5 and itself alone imparts or maintains the necessary moisture to the hair, by virtue of its high moisture absorptive and retentive properties.

In the modification of Fig. 9, the base or protector part (I i) is formed with a comb-like opening portion 23 along one side, instead of the edge Wise slot (l2) of the other embodiments. This permits said part to be engaged with the hair look exactly like a comb, in sidewise direction to the hair, which is somewhat easier and quicker than in the slotted form, although not so firmly fixed. An auxiliary plate or visedly be placed over the comb portion of .the same before the clamp-member (I 8) is attached thereover, to protect the scalp from heat vapor that might otherwise penetrate through the teeth spaces, said auxiliary plate. being formed with anintermediate slot 25 and arm-portions 2!, such as shown, to engage around the wrapper, which would hold the base part-as well as itself in place on the hair. The wrapper part employed with'this form of base may be the same as in Fig. 5, or some other formation attachable along one side of the hair-receptive opening.

The modification of Fig. 10 comprises a wrapper part of overfolded portions I3 and l3 essentially the same as in Fig. 6, except that they are not secured to the base. Instead, they are slit and outturned apart at the bottom, as indicated at 26, so as to bear or rest on the base when applied to the hair with the clamp member secured in place thereover. This is to permit appliance to the hair independently of the base part when so desired, or where the base part is formed with onlya central slit 2'! like the ordinary felt pad protector, requiring the same to be applied and drawn down longitudinally over the hair, as

shown in this figure. A sticker 28 may be used to fasten the two portions of the wrapper together over the hair if it is so desired, such fastening offering no resistance to the curling of the wrapper. The latter might also be used advantageously with the other forms of the wrapper.

'It will be understood that the appliance may be made in various different forms of its wrapper and base parts and that various changes, combinations and sub-combinations may be made without departing from the intent and scope of the invention, so that the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the invention to the specific construction herein illustrated and described.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. A hair waving or curling appliance, comprising a base member of fibrous sheet material engageable with a lock of hair next to the scalp for protecting the latter from burn or hot moisture, and a secondary member of another fibrous sheet material engageable upon the lock of hair for a wrapping therewithin downwardly toward the scalp; the secondary member being attached to the base member in a lateral relation thereto and the base member being slotted whereby both said base and said secondary member are appliable to the hair by movement in a sidewise direction.

2. A hair waving or curling device, comprising a protector base pad of a fibrous sheet material slotted so as to be appliable to the hair next to the scalp by movement in a sidewise direction, and a wrapper pad also of a fibrous sheet material appliable over the hair along its length; the

wafer 24 may ad-- wrapper pad being arranged to bear upon the base pad so as to cover the hair down to the surface level thereof-when wrapped or rolled downwardly toward the same and being also appliable to the hair by movement in a side-wise direction.

3. A hair waving or curling appliance, comprising a protector pad of an insulative fibrous sheet material appliable to the hair close to the scalp, and a wrapper pad of liquid-absorptive fibrous sheet material appliable to the hair along its length; the wrapper pad being attached to the protector pad and the protector pad being slotted so that said pad and the wrapper pad are together appliable to the hair by movement in a side-wise direction.

4. A hair waving or curling device, comprising a protector pad of a semi-pliant fibrous sheet material slotted so as to be appliable to the hair close to thescaIp by movement in a sidewise direction, and a wrapper pad of a pliable liquidabsorbent fibrous sheet material appliable. to the hair along its length; the wrapper pad being attached to the protector pad and being appliable therewith to the hair by movement in a sidewise direction.

5. A hair waving or curling appliance, comprising a protector pad of a semi-pliant insulative paper sheet materialappliable to the hair next to the scalp. and-a wrapper pad of a lighter pliable and liquid-absorbent paper sheet material appliable to the hair along its length; the wrapper pad being mounted'on the protector pad in a lateral relation thereto and the protector pad being slotted so that said pad and the wrapper pad are both appliable to the hair by movement J' 7. A hair waving or curling appliance, comprising a protector pad of an insulative paper material having an end-wise slot permitting it t be engaged by movement side-wise with a lock of hair close to the. scalp, and a wrapper pad of liquid-absorbent paper material attached to said base pad and therewith appliable side-wise to the lock of hair along its length; said wrapper pad being provided with an inner surfacing of cloth material for greaterabsorptive and moisture imparting purposes.

8. A hair waving or curling appliance, com prising a protector pad slotted so as to be engageable with a lock of hair by movement in a sidewise direction close to the scalp, and a wrapper pad appliable also by movement side-wise in a fold over the lock of hair along its length so as to permit a wrapping or curling ofihe hair therewithin' downwardly toward the protector pad with a covering to the surface level of the same; said wrapper pad being unitary with said protector pad by attachment along a longitudinal surface portion thereof.

9. A hair wavingor curling appliance, com

prising in combination, 'a heat protector pad having an elongated edge opening adapting it to be engaged by movement in a side-wise direction enable wrapper pad attached in lateral relation tov the protector pad along the line of said opening therein so as to be applied by side-wise movement with said protector pad in position for folding or covering lengthwise over the lock of hair and provide a dampening retainer-jacket for the hair rolled or curled downwardly therewithin toward the scalp, above the protector pad.

10. A hair waving or curling appliance, comprising a protector pad of an insulate paper sheet material having an end-wise slot therein adapting it to be engaged by movement in a side-wise direction with a lock of hair next to the scalp, and a wrapper pad including a liquid-absorbent paper sheet material attached to the protector pad along a portion of said slot so as to be-"appl'zable side-wise therewith in position for folding or covering over the lock of hair and permit the hair to be rolled or curled downwardly therewithin toward the protector pad without separating the one pad from the other.

11. A hair waving or curling appliance, comprising a protector pad of an insulate semi-pliant paper material formed with a comb-like portion along one edge adapting it to be engaged by movement in a side-wise direction with a lock of hair next to the scalp, and a wrapper pad of a pliant liquid-absorbent paper material attached to the protector pad so as to be appliable therewith in position for folding or covering over the lock of hair and permit the same to be rolled or curled downwardly therewithin toward said protector pad; said wrapper pad being aflixed to the protector pad in parallel adjacency to said comblike portion of the former. Y

12. A hair waving or curling device, comprising in combination,-a protector pad of an insulate fibrous sheet material slotted so as to'be engageable by movement in a side-wise direction with 9.

lock of hair next to the scalp, and a wrapper pad of pliant liquid-absorbent paper material appliable lengthwise to the lock of hair also by movement in a side-wise direction thereto; said wrapper pad being arranged to bear endwise 5 upon the protector pad so as to cover or jacket the hair down to the surface thereof when rolled or turned upon itself downwardly with the hair toward the scalp and having means of fastening on opposite sides without interference with its rolling or wrapping function.

13. In combination with the clamp, curling rod and heater elements of a permanent hairwaving apparatus, a hair padding and retaining appliance, comprising a base part slotted so as to be engageable with a lock of hair next to the scalp by movement in a side-wise direction, and a wrapper part engageable over the lock of hair so as to be curled therewith upon said rod and to hold the hair smooth, flat and jacketed in its windings upon said rod, said base and wrapper parts being joined together in a perpendicular relation so as to be together appliable to the lock of hair by movement in a direction side-wise thereto.

14. The method of curling a lock of hair, which consists in engaging the lock by movement in side-wise direction next to the scalp with means for protecting the latter, engaging the lock lengthwise with a moistened covering also applied by movement in a side-wise direction thereto, winding the lock lengthwise toward the scalp with the hair lying smooth and flat within its covering and with said! covering separating its windings upon itself, securing the wound lock close to the scalp over the protecting means therefor, and applying heat to set the hair in the curl of the windings so formed.

SANTI GRASSO.

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