US1999086A - Respiratory protective apparatus - Google Patents

Description

April 23, 1935. F. c. cLAUDlUs RESPIRATORY PROT ECTIVE APPARATUS Sheets-Sheet l Filed Jan. 24

cI-E

H12,- IE

R O T N E V N i s p l u, n. "unan uw. wu,

April 23, 1935. F. c. cLAUDlus 1,999,086

RESPIRATORY lPROTECTIVE APPARATUS Filed Jan. 24, 1933 3 sheets-sheet 2 as 1| I I l 54 y 92 78 72|I7IV l 2 v 90 V l 98 9, /4 i f /4 B9 x I 77 66 i 75 87 1 0l w 8f 1 731' 93*9 l 9 5- l. /5 83 i \`\7,'//' i /s 4 l 96 Q 97 HEI-l5 7S' 11 8l v "l i f Iii if.

uw fwd-KM INVENTOR April 23, 1935. Ffc. cLAUDlUs 1,999,086

\ RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE APPARATUS v Filed Jan. 24, 1933 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 ,//0/ /j/ 107 10.9 Il? fpz Fig. 2a

il Apr. 23, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE APPARATUS' Ferdinand c. Claudius', Philadelphia, ru. Application January 24, 1933, serial No. 653,317

1s olninn.- (el. 12s- 191) y My invention relates broadly to a respiratory protective apparatus and more particularly to an apparatus for use in vitiated or raried atmosphere.

The primary object of my invention is to pro'- vide a breathing device with a simplied mouthpiece having a combined intake and exhaust arrangement from the purifying canister, that not only reduces resistance to breathing but also eliminates to a great extent the dangers of fouling, becoming twisted or entangled with foreign objects. l y

The conventional type of breathing apparatus has a mouthpiece in which intake and exhaust valves control the directional flow of inspired and respired air in separate conduits;A Such mouth pieces and conduits are cumbersome, heavy and large in size, and very diiiicult to assemble or repair. 'I'he valves in this type of device are permanently afixed and it is necessary to cut the entire mouthpiece to get at the valves. It is therefore another object of my invention to provide a mouthpiece for a respiratory apparatus that is comparatively small and of light weight, and one that can be easily assembled and repaired. 'I'he valves being-accessible can be replaced when necessary.

Another object of my invention is to provide in a respiratory apparatus means whereby the atmosphere to be inhaled is warmed by the exhaled atmosphere and/ or vice versa.

A further object of my invention is to provide a single conducting unit which may be utilized i'or two or more purposes, that is, as passage-ways for two or more types of uid such as atmosphere for inhalation and respired atmosphere.

Still a further object of my invention resides in constructing a respiratory apparatus of simple operation, having low resistance, easy to manufacture, assemble and effect replacement of parts without detriment to its efficiency as a part oi respiratory apparatus.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists in the construction, combination and arrangement oi* 'parts'as will vbe described more fully hereinafter.

A Referring to the drawings in which similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views, and in which- Figure 1 is a detailed sectional view ofmyimproved device. l

Figures 2 to 7 are details of the exhaust valves oi' my improved device.

` 1": 8 to 12 are details of the inhalation valve of my improved device.

Figure 13 is a sectional view of a modified mouthpiece for my improved device.

Figure 14 is a view on line |4- I4 of Figure 13.

Figure 15 is a view on line I5-i5 of Figure 13.

Figure 16 is a detail view of a portion of the multiple passage member with securing means of my improved device.

Figure 17 is a view, partly in section, showing the passage member of my improved device secured to a canister in a breathing bag.

Figure 18 is a detailed sectional viewof a part of my improved device showing the airflow opposite to that of Figure 1.

Figure 19 shows the mouthpiece member secured to a canister and breathing bag by my improved connection.

Figure 20 shows the mouthpiece and passage member of my improved device connected to a canister and breathing bag of my improved connection. v-

Referring more particularly to the drawings, indicates a. mouthpiece member having chamber 3| from which extends at iight angles the mouthpiece conduit 32, that has suitably inserted in it a stopcock 33 adapted to be regulated by handle 34. A multiple passage member 35 having its outer wall 36, preferably the wall of a iiexible corrugated conduit or hose, secured to the lower end ofthe member 30 is an inner or exhaust passage 31, preferably straight hose, secured to a nipple 38. The space between passage 31 and the hose 36 formsvan intake or inhalation passage 39.

Threaded into the bottom of member 30 is an inhalation valve seat insert 40 that has in chamber 3|, outer knife edge valve seat 4I and the inner knife edge valve seat 42 onto which seats valve disk 43, having a discharge aperature 43a. To limit the upward movement of disk 43, spiders 44 are secured to the walls of the chamber Il.

Between the inner and outer valve seats 42 andy 4I are a number of passages 45 formed by connecting webs 46. Also in the center of the insert 40 is a threaded aperture intol which is screwed an exhalation valve insert 41 having 'an intake passage 48 to chamber 3i. 'I'he insert 41 is provided with knife edge valve seat 49 projecting intoa chamber 50 formed by bulging or protruding a' portion 5I of the nipple 38 that is threaded onto theiinsert 41 between the underside of the insertland a shoulder 52 cut into the insert 41 adjacenftvalve seat 49. A valve disk 53 adapted to seat on knife edge 49 is held by spiders 54 that abut against shoulder 52 and are secured to the lower of the insert 41.

Inserted into and secured to the lower end of Cil hose 38 is a nipple 55 which is an integral part of a purifying canister 58, and inserted into andsecured to the .end of passage 31 is an exhaust conduit 51 that passes through the canister 56 and has its exhaust end 58 adiacentto the bottom 59 of the canister. A plate 88 sweated to the underside of top I of the canister 55 holds the top portion of the conduit 51 rmly in place. Suitably positioned in the canister by screens 82 is a purifying agent 83. Both the bottom 59 and the plate 88 have ber 3| and then to the operator through valve 33 and conduit 32. On exhalation, or when inhalation is stopped, the disk 43 seats on knife edges 4I and 42, and disk 53 drops onto the spiders 54, thus the exhaled breath is forced through conduit 32 into chamber 3|, then through passage 48, around disk 53 into and through nipple 38, passage 31 and conduit 51 to the atmosphere.

In Figure 13, I show a modified mouthpiece member comprising a casing 58 on the top of which is secured a stopcock 61 having mouthpiece conduit 68 extending therefrom. Suitably positioned and aihxed to casing 86 is a valve compartment 89 that has sweated to the upper side of its top 10, around-` an aperture 1|, an exhaust valve 12 and sweated'fto the inner side of its bottom 13, around an aperture 14, is an intake valve 15. A bafiie partition 18 which is an integral part of top 18 and which, for manufacturing purposes, is soldered to casing 68, forms not only passage 11 from chamber 89 to the stopcock 61, but also the top wall of an exhaust passage 18 that leads from exhaust valve 12 and follows 'around compartment 59 to an inwardly stepped flanged hose nipple 19, an integral part of casinghGS. This nipple 19 can be easily inserted in and"cemented to theYwall 38 of the conducting unit 35shown in Figure 1.- Positioned in the casing 68 andsyveated to bottom 13 around aperture 14 is a flared end 88 of an intake nipple 8| that can be inserted in and secured to intake passage 31, Figure 1'. The valves 12 and 15 are arranged in .parallel relation to each other and have corresponding parts; namely, knife edge seats 82 and 83, disks 84 and 85 mounted on seats 82 and 83, and spiders 86 and 81 for limiting the movement of disks 84 and 85 respectively. These valves are positive in action, in that, both are normally closed when not in use and only become operative when an operator breathes.

In this construction on inhalation, the suction opens intake valve 15 and permits purified air to pass from nipple 8| around the intake valve disk 85 into compartment 69, through passage 11 to stopcock 61 and then to operator through conduits 68. When there is no inhalation suction, valve 15 is closed, and on'exhalation, the force of the exhaled atmosphere keeps disk 85 on seat 83 but raises disk 84 from seat 82, thus permitting the respired air to ow into passages 18 and out nipple 19.

In. Figure 16 I show the upper portion of a modied connection for use between the conduit unit and the purifying canister which may be enclosed in a breathing bag 88, as shown in Figure 17. This connection has an inner . nipple perforations 84 and 85 respectively to permit fluid, such as air, to pass therethrough.

member 89 and an outer nipple member 98. The top section 9| of member 98 is inserted in and secured to wall 92 of the conducting unit, and the lower section 93 comprises a slanting or converging portion 94, straight portion 95 and a flared base 96 having knife edge 91. Intermediate sections 9| and 93 is an outwardly extending flange 98 on which is rotatably placed a. wing nut 99.` The inner nipple member 89 has its upper end inserted in and secured to passage |88 of the conducting unit and its lower end which terminates at the top of base 98 is soldered to the straight portion 95 of nipple member 98. Outlets |8| are out into the slanting portion 94.

In Figure 17, I show my improved connection wherein the upper portion, as described above for Figure 16, is connected with a canister and breathing bag. Placed on top of bag 88 around an aperture is a flange |83 of a threaded nipple |84 that is secured by screws |85 to a ilange |88 of a ring |81 inside bag 88. Ring |81 has also a lower ilange |88 to which is amxed canister |89 having outlet port ||8 around which is placed anged gasket seat with gasket ||2.

To sgcure the connection so as to align the passages properly, wing nut 99 is threaded onto nipple |84 until its upper edge abuts gasket ||3 making an air-tight joint, and, at this point, knife edge 91 of base 96 seats in gasket||2 also making an air-tight connecting Vpassage from canister |89 to passage |88 through nipple 39. A secondary passage |4 is formed between nipple |84 and ring |81 forming the outer wall and lower section 93 of the connection forming the inner wall. Holes ||5 are out into ring |81 to permit a iluid to pass from passage ||4 into bag 88. With this connection attaching parts of my improved apparatus, the purified air passes from canister |89 through nipple 89 to the intake passage |88 and the exhaled air passes from the mouthpiece member, through conduit unit into nipple member 98, out ports |8| into passage ||4 and then through holes ||5 into the reservoir or breathing bag 88. By this arrangement the exhaled air in passing through the conducting unit to the bag surrounds the -4- intake passage, aids in keeping the puriiled air'to'be utilized for inhalation warm while passing through conduit |98. i In Figure 19, the canister llandbag-Il are fastened directly to the mouthpiece member by means of my improved connection. In this figure, all parts are identical as set out for Figures 16 and 17 except, that the top section 9| of outer nipple member 98 is an integral part of nipple 19, Figure 13, and inner nipple is replaced by intake nipple 8| of the mouthpiece member 95 which is provided, as shown in Figure 19, with the stopcock 81 and conduit 88.

In Figure 20, I show how the mouthpiece member 38and the passage member 35, shown in Figure 1, can be easily connected with the breathing bag 88 and canister |89 by means of the modified connection of my improved device shown in Figure 17.

By arranging the intake conduit and the exhaust conduit together in a single conducting unit, the inhaled air which is warmed by passing through the purifying agent keeps the exhale.- tion conduit warm enough to prevent the freezing o! water vapor present in the exhaled atmosphere, and, in like manner, the warm exhaled atmosphere aids in keeping a portion of the intake conduit warm.

Although, I set out in the above description that the inhaled air passes through the purifyin gdevice and the exhaled atmosphere is discharged exterior to the purifying device, I do not want to limit myself to this particular mode of operation but desire it to be understood that the exhaled air can be passed through the purifying agent in the canister into the bag and the puried air utilized for inhalation can be taken into the passage described as the exhalation conduitl as shown in Figure 18. This can be easily done by reversing the arrangement of the valves so that 40 is the exhalation valve member and 4l is the inhalation valve member.

It Will be understood that the above description and accompanying drawings comprehend only the general and preferred embodiment of my invention, and that various changes in construction, proportions and arrangement of parts may be made within the scope of this invention and appended claims without sacrificing any of the advantages of my invention.

What I claim is:

1. .A respiratory apparatus comprising a mouthpiece member having an inhalation valve and an exhalation valve inserted in the center of said inhalation valve, an air purifying device, a conducting unit consisting of a center passage to the exhalation valve and an outer or surrounding passage to the inhalation valve, and securing means attaching said unit to the purifying device whereby exhaled atmosphere is discharged exterior to and does not pass directly through the purifying device and inhaled atmosphere passes through the device.

2. A respiratory apparatus comprising a breathing bag, a mouthpiece member, a single conduit consisting of a plurality of passages therein secured to the mouthpiece member, an air purifying device, and a unitary attaching means for securingthe conduit to the bag and purifying device, said attaching means having passages connecting with said conduitvpassages so that at least one of said connected passages discharges exhaled atmosphere exterior to the purifying device and directly into the bag.

3. A respiratory apparatus comprising a mouthpiece member, an air purifying device, an intake conduit and an exhaust conduit combined one within the other in a single unit, and means for connecting said unit to the purifying device, said connecting means having a'plurality of passages corresponding to the passages of the unit and one or more discharge ports from one of said passages adapted to discharge exhaled atmosphere exterior to said purifying device.

4. A respiratory apparatus comprising an intake conduit and an exhaust conduit combined` one within'the other in a single unit, a mouthpiece member secured to one end of said unit, valve means in said mouthpiece for controlling the now of fluid from the intake and exhaust conduits, a canister, and means connectingdhe other end of the unit to the canister, said connecting means having a plurality of passages corresponding to the passages of the unit and discharge ports in the passage connected with the exhaust conduit, whereby exhaled atmosphere is discharged exterior to the canister and inhaled atmosphere is taken directly from the canister.

5. In a mouthpiece member comprising a chamber, a mouthpiece conduit connected with the chamber, an inhalation valve member having an aperture therein, positioned in said chamber and an exhalation valve member positioned in the aperture and secured to the inhalation valve member.

6. A respiratory apparatus comprising a mouthpiece member, an air purifying device, and means securing said purifying device directly to the mouthpiece member, said securing means consisting of an inner intake conduit, an`outer conduit surrounding the intake conduit, and

ports in said outer conduit for discharging exaround said intake nipple'connected with andv adapted to discharge exhaled atmosphere through the ports in the canister securing means.

8. In a respiratory apparatus a mouthpiece member, an air purifying device comprising a chamber for a purifying agent, a passage member through said device and chamber and an intake port from said chamber,;and a single conduit having an inner passage connected with the passage member through the devicev and an outer passage connected to said-intake port.

9. In a mouthpiece ffinember comprising a chamber, an inhalation ive seat with an aperture in the center thereof vpositioned in said chamber, a disk adapted toseat on said valve seat and having` an aperture 'corresponding to the aperture in the seat, an exhaust valve seat positioned in the aperture of the inhalation seat and a disk adapted to seat on said exhaust valve seat.

10. A respiratory apparatus comprising a mouthpiece member having an intake valve consisting of a valve seat and disk, each having an aperture in the center thereof and an exhaust valve inserted in the aperture of said intake valve seat, said exhaust valve consisting of a valve seat and a disk member, a single unit conduit having a passage to said intake valve and a passage to said exhaust valve, an air purifying device and means securing said conduit to the purifying device so that exhaled atmosphere is discharged exterior to the purifying device and inhaled atmosphere passes through the device.

11. InV a respiratory apparatus, comprising a breathing bag, a canister, a mouthpiece member having inhalation and exhalation valves, passages to said valves, and securing means attaching said mouthpiece as a single unit directly to the exterior of the bag and said canister inside said bag in alignment with the mouthpiece, said securing means having an intake passage for` connecting the intake passage of the mouthpiece to a port of said canister and an exhaust passage connected with the exhalation passage of the adapted for discharge of exhaled atmosphere from the exhaust passage into the bag.

13. In a respiratory apparatus, a breathing bag. 8 Canister, means securing the canister inside the bag, a mouthpiece member having inhalation and exhalation valves, passages to said valves, and securing means for attaching the mouthpiece member to the bag, said securing means FERDINAND C. CLAUDIUS.

Images