US1984327A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 11, 1934. pI VAUGHAN 1,984,327

CARBURETOR Filed Sept. 17, 1950 @51g abme/mw Patented Dec. 11, 1934 UNITED STAT CARBURTOR Henry P. Vaughan, Detroit,

Mich., assgnor 'to Detroit In'xbricator` Company, Detroit, Mich., a corporation .ol'Michiganl Y c Application september 17,1930, .serial No; 482,411

'z-loxa'ims. (onzer-51) My invention relates to new and useful improvements in carburetors for internal combustion engines. v 1

In carburetor operation, fuel supplied to the air stream from a jet of fixed orifice provides-a mixture which when of proper proportions .for normal running conditions, istoo lean orpoor in fuel to obtain maximum engine speed or full load engine operation. It is therefore an object of my invention to provide. a carburetorin which the ratio of fuel to air is increasedforfull load and high l speed engine operation.

Another object is to control the additional supply of `fuel inaccordance with the position of the mixture flow control kmeans orthrottleso asl to bring in the additional fuel'supplyat vthe proper point inthe engine operation. The invention consists :inthe .improved .construction and combination of parts, tobe .more fully described hereinafter, and theznovelty of which will be particularly; pointedout and "distinctly claimed. i v l In thefaccompanying drawinggto v,be taken as agpart of this specification, I have fullyand clearly illustrated a-carburetor embodying my invention, and in `whichdrawingl-f'v ,Y L

Figure 1 is a view in vertical centralsection ofA so much of a'carburetor asis Inecessarylto show 4my invention; l o

Fig. 2 is a detail sectionalviewof 'a rnodilclate4 tion Aof the-carburetor of Fig. 1, and v Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view ofY another modification. T

Referring to the drawing by characters'of reference, 1 designates generally a icarburetoricasingV comprising a baseorbottom member .2 hav.-r ing a constant level fuel reservoir orfloat chamber 3 and a main air-inlet 4', which rare'separated by aopartition or Wall member 5having a: fuel Well or reservoir 6 therein.` Seated'onthe member 2 is avvhollow throttle'body member '7 having a lateral extension or cover member which overlies and closes kthe reservoirs 3 and 6. Secured withinthe hollow member 7 and depending therefrom into'the air inlet 4, is vla. Venturi tube 9 forming the lower end of .the car.- buretor mixing chamber 10. Extending-from the wall 5 into the air inlet 4 is a boss llfhaving `a vertical bore `12therethrough substantially concentric ;With the tube 9 and; closed at its bottom end by a plug 13. Between thebore 12 and reservoir 3 is av substantially horizontal conduit or passageway 14 which isbelow thernormal liquid fuel level in reservoir 3, .designated by line Ir-L.

Inuthe bcssll isa conduit or passageway 'connecting the bore k.1'2` andthe-.mel `fvrell6 .lat its lower end. .Inthe bore `1'2between'fpassageways 14. and `15 is a,v plug 16V carrying-ay tube vcomprisingia qmainfnozzle v17 whichlextends upward spaced-from the wallrof the bore '-12fand which terminates in ithe rthroat 'of I the tube 9 yabove the fnormaliiquid level. 'Through-@the plug `16 isa calibrated lportzll l'forming `the main'fuel jet, andlwhichfeeds the `nozzle y1'?. Surrounding the :nozzle .17an'd Lterminating in the 'Venturi throat-is artube orzsleeve comprising ia supplemental nozzle 19-providing`` an'y annular discharge passage,V and which is 1 threaded: at its 1 lower` end into thetop end of ifthenbore 12. lAdjacent the baseof the V.sleeve orfnozzle L19 are airlinlet aperltures i or lbleeds -20 which supply air .-at. substantially atmospheric vpressure to the interior ofrnozzle 19` below the normal liquidfuel level. At the lowerend` of the-well `Glabovethe pas-y sageway 1K5 l. is a i plug i orrp'artition member 21 having laivalve port`22 therethrough and serv` ing as I theffbottom wall of the well l 6. Beneath the member 2161s a-'vrecess` or valvelchamber23 from which'the-passageway k'15 opens. Innthe chamber 23 is'aivalve member 24 whiohfseats upwardly against the plug 21 to close portf22 and which lis normally urged toward closed` positionlbyla coil springbr `the likey -25 positioned betweeni the memberl 24 and rthe` bottom wallr of f chamber 2.3. In thewall-"S below the'normalliquid level, iisanaperture `26V `.which-opens from reservoir 3 intowell.flIn-the--aperture 2'6 isla plug` 27 having a calibrated bore f 28 .for vcontrollingifuelx flow ffrom reservoir 3to1wel1l 6. :Atmospheric pressureis .maintained rover :the fuel in reservoir 3 by'anv aperture 29 in coverimember 8 and.:in wellr6 by a port 30in-wall,5 opening into :reservoir '13 `above :the `liquidlevel ltherein. Through the cover v'member 8. jin :line f with1 the' valveport-22 4is a `guide -aper'tureul :through which :extends a pusherod-orvalve operating member `32 which. is of=reducedxcrosssection at its lower endfasat33. Theiend-33 which-is of. lessijdiameter than port 22,1. extends intofport 22 and into engagement with valve member 24: and provides `anfrannular,fuelrflow `'space therearound. throughport-22. ,Journaledrin thefmember 7 and'projectingy outward' through Ythe-walls thereof above tube 9; isathrottlershaftll rotatable' by' any suitable `means and having'fixedthereon a throttle valveor plate=35 toicontrol the` dischargefrom the mixing rchamber 10.' AOne of thei proj ecting' ends of shaft 34 extends"substantially 'directly over the .guideway 31 andhas fixed thereon: a or :the like L36 for engage-- ment with the end of rod 32 to depress the rod upon predetermined opening movement of the throttle valve. The cam 36 is provided with a set screw 37 so that the cam may be adjusted about the shaft 34 to regulate the point in the throttle opening movement at which rod 32 will be actuated to open valve 24.

In Figs. 2 and 3 are shown modifications of the application of the air inlet 20 to the auxiliary fuel nozzle 19. In Fig. 2 an air inlet passage or bleed 38 is provided in boss 11 in line with passageway 15 and opening from bore 12 to the air inlet 4. In Fig. 3, an air inlet passage or bleed 39 opens from passageway 15 intermediate its ends and upwardly through wall to the atmosphere. Each of the passages 38 and 39 is preferably provided with a plug 40 having a calibrated bore 41 to regulate the inlet of air.

The operation of my carburetor is as follows: During normal operation of the carburetor correspondingto levelroad car speeds, the cam 36 will not have been 4rotated sufliciently to depress rod 32 and open valve 24. Thus, the fuel willonly be supplied to the mixing chamber through themain 4jet .18 and the nozzle 17.- However, when the throttle 35 is opened to provide for high speedsor power demands, the cam 36 will be rotated farenough to depressrod 32 and open valve 24 against the force of spring 25. Fuelwhich is in the well 6 will now flow by gravity aswell as by difference of air pressures in thelegs 6 and 19 to the bleeds 20 where the air entering nozzle 19 from inlet 4 will emulsify the fuel before discharge thereof into the mixing chamber.` When the well 6 has been emptied, fuel entering` from the port 28 and air from port will form an emulsion which will continue to flow to the nozzle 19 to enrich the mixture in the chamber 10 as long as the valve 24 is held open. It is to be noted that when the throttle is rst moved far enough open to open valve 24, that the supplemental discharge of fuel will be greater in quantity per unit of time than will4 occur after the well 6 hasbeen emptied, which operation I have found to be desirable.

'I'he operation of the modifications shown in Figs. 2 and 3 will be apparent from the foregoing description ofthe operation of the carburetor shown in Fig. 1.

What I claim and desireto'secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:,-

1. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a casing having a mixing chamber, a throttle valve to control ilow from said chamber, an air'inlet to said chamber, ak fuel nozzle discharge tube positioned in said inlet and discharging upwardly into said chamber, a second nozzle tube positioned in said air inlet and discharging into said chamber, a fuel well, means to supply air to said well, a valve chamber beneath said well and substantially concentric therewith, a partition between said well and valve chamber and having a valve port, a passageway connecting said valve chamber and said second-named nozzle tube, a valve in said valve chamber cooperable with said port, means to supply fuel to said well, and throttle operated means to open said last-named valve.

2. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a casing having a mixing chamber with a main air inlet, a main fuel nozzle discharging into said mixing chamber, a fuel supply conduit opening directly into said main nozzle, a l normally inactive supplemental. fuel .nozzle operable to discharge fuel directly into said mixing chamber, said main air inlet being common to said main and said supplemental nozzles, an atmospheric fuel well, a fuel supply conduit leading from said well to said supplemental nozzle and being the sole means for supplying fuel to said supplemental nozzle, a valve in said conduit, an air inlet operable to supply air to said supplemental nozzle below the normal fuel level and on the outlet side of said valve, said valve normally cutting off the supply of fuel to said supplemental nozzle whereby said supplemental nozzle discharges air alone into said mixing chamber, a throttle valve having a shaft, and means operable by said shaft to open said supplemental fuel valve to supply fuel to said supplemental rnozzle whereby said supplemental nozzlev will discharge an emulsion of air from saidsecond-named air inlet and fuel from said conduit into said mixing chamber.

3. A kcarburetor of the character described, comprising a casing having a mixing chamber with a main ail` inlet, a main fuelnozzle discharging into said mixing chamber, a fuel reservoir means to supply fuel directly from said reservoir to said main nozzle, a knormally inactive supplemental fuel` nozzle operable to discharge fuel directly into said mixing chamber, a fuel supply conduit leading to and being the sole means for supplying fuel to said supplemental nozzle, an atmospheric fuel well supplying said conduit, a plug having a calibrated port connecting said reservoir and said well, a valve in said conduit, an air inlet openingfrom said main air inlet and operable to supply air to said supplemetal nozzle below the normal fuel level and on the outlet side of said Valve, said valve normally cutting off the supply of fuel to said supplemental nozzle whereby said supplemental nozzle discharges air alone into said mixing chamber, a throttle valve having a shaft, and means operable by said shaft to open said valve to supply fuel to said supplemental nozzle whereby said supplemental nozzle Will discharge an emulsion of air from said second-named air inlet and fuel from said conduit into said mixing chamber. 4 Y

4. A. carburetor of the character described, comprising a casing having a mixing kchamber with a main air inlet, a tubular nozzle extending into said mixing chamber, a fuel reservoir, a conduit directly connecting said reservoir and said nozzle, a normally inactive supplemental tubular nozzle surrounding said rst-named nozzle, a fuel wellextending above the normal fuel levelv and open to atmosphere, means to supply fuel from said reservoir to said Well, a conduit connecting said well and said supplemental nozzle and being the sole means `for supplying fuel to said supplementary nozzle, a valve normally closing said second-named conduit whereby to prevent discharge of fuel to form said supplemental nozzle, and means continuously supplying air through said supplemental nozzle into said mixing chamber whereby upon opening said valve said supplemental nozzle will discharge an emulsion of air and fuel into said mixing chamber.

5.A carburetor of the character described, comprising a casing having a hollow throttle body member and a base member supporting said throttle bodymember, said base member having an air inlet and a fuel reservoir, a partition separating said inlet and said reservoir, a fuel well in saidvp'artition, a fuelnozzle in said air inlet and discharging into said throttle body member, a conduit connecting said reservoir and said nozzle, said throttle body member having a lateral extension closing the top of said well and said reservoir, means to supply air to said reservoir above the normal liquid level, means to supply air from said reservoir to said well above the normal liquid level in vsaid well, a supplemental fuel nozzle discharging into said throttle body member, a conduit from said well to said supplemental nozzle, and a valve controlling communication between said well and said secondnamed conduit.

6. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a casing having a hollow throttle body member and a base member supporting said throttle body member, said base member having an air inlet and a fuel reservoir, a partition separating said inlet and said reservoir, a fuel well in said partition, a fuel nozzle in said air inlet and discharging into said throttle body member, a conduit connecting said reservoir and said nozzle, said throttle body member having a lateral extension closing the top of said well and said reservoir, means to supply air to said reservoir above the normal liquid level, means to supply air from said reservoir to said Well above thefnormal liquid level in said well, a supplemental fuel nozzle discharging into said throttle body member, a conduit opening at one end through the bottom wall of said well and connected at its other end to said supplemental nozzle, a valve controlling communication between said well and said second-named conduit, a reciprocable rod extending through and guided in said extension, said rod engaging said valve, and means to move said rod to open said valve.

7. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a casing having a hollow throttle body member and a base member supporting said throttle body member, said base member i having an air inlet and a fuel reservoir, a partition separating said inlet and said reservoir, a fuel well in said partition, a fuel nozzle in said air inlet and discharging into said throttle body member, a conduit connecting said reservoir and said nozzle, cover means for said well and for said reservoir, meansto supply air to said reservoir above the normal liquid level, means to supply air from said reservoir to said well above the normal liquid level in said well, a supplemental fuel nozzle discharging into said throttle body member, a conduit from said well to said supplemental nozzle, and a valve consaid second-named conduit.

HENRY P. VAUGHAN.

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