US1972763A - Firearm construction - Google Patents

Description

Sepfi. 4, 1% u H, as. BUTTON FIREARM CONSTRUCTION Filed Nov, 27, 1953 v 35heets-Sheet R .1 N m E v .W N

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V E N R O T T A EQITNESS:

Sept. 4, 1934. H. B. DUTTON FIREARM CONSTRUCTION Filed NOV. 27, 1933 $Sheets-Sheet 2 v E N a 0 TI T A M V v h Sept. 4, 1934. Q B DUTTON 1,972,763

' FIREARM CONSTRUCTION Filed Nov. 27, 1933 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 A? 7 J2 J3 .Hawardjflwiiau,

INVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented Sept. 4, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE;

8 Claims.

The invention relates to a firearm construction and more especially to an automatic revolver.

The primary object of the invention is the provision of a revolver of this character wherein through a short recoil of the cartridge the shell is driven back into its chamber instead of being extracted and the cocking of the revolver is had by releasing a specially constructed grip in place of the usual method.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a revolver of this character, wherein the ham-' mer is carried in full cocked position and is absolutely safe, the cocking of the hammer being controlled by a grip and said revolver is made ready for an aimed shot, there being no long hard pull upon the trigger for each shot, which diverts the aim.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a revolver of this character, wherein the cartridges not being ejected, the revolver is rendered safe against jamb and the hammer of such revolver is of a kind that it will not catch on clothing or other obstructions, the revolver in its entirety being of novel construction.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in the features of construction. combination and arrangement of parts as will be hereinafter more fully described in detail, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which disclose the preferred embodiment of the invention, and pointed out in the claims hereunto appended;

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation partly in section of the revolver constructed in accordance with the invention, showing the hammer irr'cocked position. Y

Figure 2 is a similar view showing the hammer in firing position.

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 showing the parts of the revolver in the position after the firing thereof.

Figure 4 is a fragmentary sectional view on the the arrows.

Figure 5 is a similar view when the cartridge has been fired.

Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 5 showing line 44 of Figure 1 looking in the direction of detail the bolt and other mechanism for unlocking, turning and locking cylinder.

Figure 10 is a view similar to Figure 9, showing an adjusted position of the parts.

Figure 11 is a sectional view on the line 11-11 00 of Figure 2, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Similar reference characters indicate correspending parts throughout the several views in the drawings.

Referring to the drawings in detail, the automatic revolver comprises a receiver 10, a barrel l1, slide 12, a cylinder 13,-a breech block 14, hammer 16, stock 17, trigger 18, cocking grip 19, crane 20, ejector rod 21, ejector and ratchet 22 and a firing pin 23.

The hammer 16 swings upon the axle 24, while the cocking grip 19 is pivoted at 25 and through the link 26 pivoted thereto and to the arm ofa bell crank lever 27 has connection by a main spring tube connector 28 with the main spring tube 29, the bell crank lever 27 being supported upon the pivot pin 30. Eccentrically pivoted at 31 to the hammer 16 is the stem 32 of a piston 33 working within the main spring tube'29 which has confined therein the coil or main spring 34 active against said piston 33. Arranged within the receiver 10 is a cooking grip spring 35 active upon the grip 19 and this spring serves to move thecocking grip 19 in full cocking position, as will 35 .be apparent in Figure 1 of the drawings.

Exposed without the receiver 10, rearwardly of the trigger guard" 36, is the finger-engaging knurled head 37 of a safety catch 38 supported upon a pivot 39 and this catch, at the latching end 40 thereof, engages in a keeper notch 41 in the grip 19 to lock said grip in a position against actuation. The hammer 16 is provided with the respective half-cock notch 42 and the full cock notch 43, as well as the catch notch 44. The trigger 18 has pivoted thereto the sear 44, the pivot connection being at 45, while said sear has pivoted at 46 thereon a catch 47 and when the hammer 16 is shifted to full cocking position the sear 44' engages the notch 43 and when in half-cockmg position the said sear engages the half-cock notch 42 in the hammer 16, as will be obvious. The catch 47 has working against thesame a spring 48, the same being suitably anchored between the free end of the trigger and said catch 47 to urge the latter into latching position.

The trigger 18 is formed with the shoulder 49 for a trigger spring 50, the latter being seated in the receiver 10, at 51.

The breech block 14 has at each side thereof 11o a lug 52 working within a companion slot 53 in the receiver, while the firing pin 23 is received in an opening. of the underhang 55 of the slide 12, the latter having therein the retractor'spring 56 which is removably held therein by the plug 57and operating against aslide stop 58 on the receiver 10.

The cartridge cylinder 13 is provided with the locking slots 59 for a bolt 60 turning on the bolt pin 61 and having the point 62-coacting with a.

ridge 63 on a hand lever- 64 pivoted at 65 in the receiver 10, the lever 64 being connected by a pivoi; 66 with a hand 67 engaging the ejector ratchet 22-. Pivoted tothe hammer 16 is a hand lever link 68 provided with a slot 69 receiving a hand lever guide pin 70. Surrounding the link 68 is a coiled spring 71 which acts against the hand lever 64 and seated upon a head 72 at the free end or the link 68.

The bolt 60 has playing against the same the is open and when it is closed. The ejector rod. head 77 is of a rectangular form with the ejector rod 21 fitting into a hole 78 which extends partly through the said head. The head 78 is fastened to the ejector rod by a screw 79 fitting within a groove 80 in the rod 21, allowing the ejector rod to revolve, but otherwise holding it rigidly to the ejector rod head. The head. 77 is slidably connected with the crane 20 so that the same may be shifted to the right and back to original position to operate the ejector rod 21 and ejector 22, the rod at all times being protected by the said head in the slidable fitting of the latter on the crane 20, as should be apparent.

The hand 67, at its pivot 66 connecting it with the hand lever 64, is tensioned by a spring 81 engaged with said hand and said hand lever, as shown in Figures 9 and 10 or the drawings.

The cylinder 13 is provided with suitable chambers in each of which is received the cartridge 82.

. The slide-12 hasa dovetail fitting 83 with the barrel 11, as shown in Figure 11 of the drawings.

Formed in the trigger 18 is a slot 84 receiving the guide pin 85 and in this manner the said trigger is guided in its movements within the receiver 10 and trigger guard 36, respectively.

In Figure 1 of the drawings the revolver is shown as carried in the pocket or holster, loaded and ready ,for use, the hammer 16 being in cocked position with the sear 44' in full cock notch 43 and the cooking grip 19 held in released position by the cooking grip spring 35. The cocking grip in turn holds the hammer back in full cocking position through the link 26, the lever 2'1, the main spring tube connector 28, the main spring tube 29 and the piston 33. It

will be seen that while the hammer 16 is in full cocked position, instead of having pressure ex- .erted on it by the main spring 34 to move it forward, it is actually being held back by the cooking grip spring 35 acting through the grip 19, link 26, lever 27, main spring tube 29 and piston 32 in order, besides being blocked by the through the link 26, lever 27, tube 29,.niain I spring 34, piston 32, causing the tube 29 to move upward about three-fourths of an inch and as the piston 32 is held by the hammer and sear, this causes the main spring 34 to be further compressed and leaves the piston free to move upward and the revolver ready for firing by pulling the trigger 18.

The cartridge 82, upon discharge, recoils against the breech block 14, driving it back until stopped by the lug 52, the underhang 55 of the slide 12 being held forward by the latter and the spring 56 against the breech block 14. Upon discharged the cartridge it is pushed suddenly to the rear," imparting considerable momentum to the slide, which momentum is sufilcient to carry the slide a considerable distance to the rear, pushing the hammer 16 back into full cocked position, as is shown in Figure 1 of the drawings. Here the catch 47 engages the hammer in the catch notch 44 and holds it until the trigger is released, which allows the sear 44' to engage the hammer in full cock notch 43., at the sametime disengaging the catch 47 from the catch notch 44 and allowing the hammer to move forward a trifie until stopped by the sear. The slide'12, after reaching its farthest position to the rear, is driven Iorward by the spring 56, whence it will contact with the stop 58 and in this movement the slide will strike and drive the breech block back to original position, the breech block in turn driving the empty shell or cartridge back into the chamber or the cylinder 13, where it will not interfere with the turning of the cylinder. All parts of the revolver are now in the same position as shown in Figure 1 01 the drawings, with the exception of cooking grip and main spring mechanism, which are in position as shown in Figure 3, while the cylinder 13, hand 67 and bolt mechanism including its bolt 60 are in the position shown in Figure 10. The hand 67, bolt 60 and other mechanism for unlocking, turning and locking the cylinder 13 are actuated by the backward and forward motion of the hammer 16 through the hand lever link 68, whether the hammer .be operated manually or by the recoil oi the cartridge. Upon the discharge of the cartridge 82 and upon the hammer 16 being driven back by the slide 12 the hand lever link 68 is pulled upward by the hammer and the pin 86 from the position shown in Figure 9 'to the position shown in Figure. 10 of the drawings. This compresses the spring 71 which in turn pushes the hand lever 64 up from the position shown in Figure 9 to the position shown in Figure 10.. As the hand lever moves away it first upwardly and carrying the hand 67 with it then causes the hand 67 to engage the ratchet 22 to rotate the cylinder. As soon as the cylinder lock.- ing slot 59 is free or clear of the bolt 60 the point 62 of the said bolt is released by the hand lever 64 and the bolt is pushed upward against the cylinder by the spring 73. Rotation of the cylinder l3 continues until the next cylinder locking slot 59 comes into alignment with the bolt 60, when the said bolt engages it and locks the cylinder into position for the firing of the'next cartridge. Upon firing of the next cartridge the hammer 16 carries the hand lever link, hand lever and hand and other related parts back to the position as shown in Figure 9 of the drawings. It will be noted that none of the shock of the recoil of the slide 12 is transmitted to the bolt 60 and hand mechanism or to the cylinder 13, but they are operated indirectly through the spring 71; It should be apparent that the recoil of the cartridge 82 is transmitted to the breech block 14, the slide 12 and hammer l6 and through the hammer to the hand and bolt mechanism and the cylinder 13, operating these parts automatically instead of manually as in an ordinary revolver, and driving the empty shell back into its chamber of the cylinder 13, where it will not interfere with the rotation of the cylinder. ,On the firing of the cartridge 82, the'shell moves rearwardly into the receiver and momentarily the cylinder 13 is locked until the said cartridge shell is moved back into its chamber in the'said cylinder in the manner as hereinbefore set forth.

- receiver and having a spring tensioned'firing pin,

a hammer pivotally supported in the receiver, hand stocks on the receiver, spring tensioned connections with the hammer for the automatic cocking thereof, a cocking grip pivoted to the receiver and tensioning said connection, a trigger fitted with the receiver and having a sear in the barrel and acting with the piston.

2. A firearm of the kind described comprising a receiver, a barrel on saidreceiver, a. slide on said barrel, a cartridge cylinder fitted in the receiver, a breech block movably mounted( in the a hammer pivotally supported in the receiver,"

hand stocks on the receiver, spring tensioned connections with the hammer for the automatic cocking thereof, a cocking grip pivoted to the receiver and tensioning said connection, a trigger fitted with the receiver and having a sear engageable with the hammer, a catch coacting with the sear and trigger for latching the hammer in half-cocked position, a safety device for'the cocking grip to latch the same in cocking position, a spring barrel arranged in the connections be tween the grip and said hammer, a piston working within the barrel and included in said con-' nections, a compression spring within the barrel and acting with the piston, and a lug on the slide and acting against the breech block.

3. A firearm of the kind describedcomprising a receiver, a barrel on said receiver, a slide on said barrel, a cartridge cylinder fitted in the receiver, a breech block movably mounted in the receiver and having a spring tensioned firing pin,

a hammerpivotally supported in the receiver, hand stocks on the receiver, spring tensioned connections with the hammer for the automatic cocking thereof, a cocking grip pivoted to the receiver and tensioning said connection, a trigger fitted with the receiver and having a scar engageable with the hammer, a catch coacting with the sear and trigger for latching the hammer in half-cocked position, a safety device for the cooking grip to latch the same in cocking position, a spring barrel arranged in the connections between the grip and said hammer, a piston working within the barrel and included in said connections, a compression spring within the barrel and acting with the piston, a lug on the slide and acting against the breech block, and a recoil spring connected with said slide and barrel.

4. Afirearm of the kind described comprising a receiver, a barrel on said receiver, a slide on said barrel, a cartridge cylinder fitted in the re- 'ceiver, a breech block movably mounted in the receiver and having a spring tensioned firing pin, I

a hammer pivotally supported in the receiver, hand stocks on the receiver, spring tensioned connections with the hammer for the automatic cocking thereof, a cocking grip pivoted to the receiver and tensioning said connection, a trigger fitted with the receiver and having a'sear engageable with the hammer, a catch coacting with the scar and trigger for latching the hammer in halfcocked position, a safety device for the cockinggrip to. latch the same in cocking position, a spring barrel arranged in the connections between the grip and said hammer, a plstomworking within the barrel and included in said connections, a compression spring within the barrel and acting with the piston, a lug on the slide and acting against the breech block, a recoil spring connected with said slide and barrel, and a car tridge ejector fitted with the cartridge cylinder.

5. A firearmcfthe kind described comprising a receiver, a barrel on said receiver, a slide on said barrel, a cartridge cylinder fitted in the receiver, a breech block movably mounted in the receiver and having a spring tensioned firing pin, a hamm mer pivotally supported in the receiver, hand stocks on the receiver, spring tensioned connec-- tions with the hammer for the automatic cocking thereof, a cocking grip pivoted to the receiver an tensionmg said connection, a trigger fitted w' the receiver and having a sear engageable 2211 the hammer, a catch coacting with the sear d trigger for latching the hammer in half receiver and having a spring tensioned firing pin, cocked Position, Safety device the cocking grip to latch the same in cocking position, a spring barrel arranged in the connections'between the grip and said hammer, a piston working within the barrel and included in said connections, a compression spring within the barrel and acting with the piston, a lug on the slide and'acting against the breech block, a recoil spring connected with said slide and barrel, a cartridge ejector fitted with the cartridge cylinder, and means acted upon by the hammer for the adjustment oi. the cartridge cylinder.

6. A firearm of the kind described comprising a receiver, a barrel on said receiver, a slide on said barrel, a cartridge cylinder fitted in the receiver, a breech block movably mounted in the receiver and having a spring tensioned firing pin, a hammer pivotally supported in the receiver, hand stocks on the receiver, spring tensioned connections with the hammer for the automatic cocking thereof, a docking grip pivoted to the receiver and tensioning said connection, a trigger fitted with the receiver and having a scar engageable with the hammer, a catch coacting with the sear and trigger for latching the hammer in half-cocked position, a safety device for the cooking grip to'latch the same in cocking position, a spring barrel arranged in the connections between the grip and said hammer, a piston working within the barrel and included in said connections, a compression spring within the barrel and acting withthe pist0n, a lug on the slide and acting against the breech block, a recoil spring connected with said slide and barrel, a cartridge ejector fitted with the cartridge cylinder, means acted upon by the hammer for the adjustment of the cartridge cylinder, and means cooperating with the lastnamed means to lock the cartridge cylinder in adjusted positions.

7. A firearm oi the kind described comprising a receiver, a barrel on said receiver, a slide on said barrel, a cartridge cylinder fitted in the receiver, a breech block 'movably mounted in the receiver and having a spring tensioned firing pin, a hammer pivotally supported in the receiver, hand stocks on the receiver, spring tensioned connections with .the hammer for the automatic cocking thereof, a cocking grippivoted to the receiver and tensioning said connection, a trigger fitted with the receiver and having a scar engageable with the hammer, a catch coacting with the sear and trigger for latching the hammer in halfcocked position, a safety device for the cooking grip to latch the same in cocking position, a crane on the receiver, and an ejector rod supported by said crane and having an ejector head slidably fitted with the crane and rotatabiy. supporting the ejector rod;

8. A firearm of the kind described comprising a receiver, a barrel on said receiver, a slide on said barrel, a cartridge cylinder fitted in the receiver, a breech block movably mounted in the receiver and having a spring tensioned firing pin, a hammer pivotally supported in the receiver, hand stocks on the receiver, spring tensioned connections with the hammer for the automatic cocking thereof, a cocking grip pivoted to the receiver and tensioning said connection, a trigger fitted with the receiver and having a sear en-' gageable with the'hammer, a catch coacting with the sear and trigger for latching the hammer in half-cocked position, a safety device for the cocking grip to latch the same in cooking position,

a crane on the receiver, an ejector rod supported HQWARD B. DUT'ION.

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