US1763595A - Pump - Google Patents

Description

June 10, 1930. F. H. PAATSCH PUMP Fi1ed April 28, 1928 supported in a suitable bearing 10.

Patented June 10, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FRANK H. PAA'ISCH, OF WA'UWA'IOSA, WISGONSIN, ASSIGNOR T0 ALLIS-CHALMERS MANUFAGTURING GOMIANY, OF MILWA'UKEE, WISCONSIN, A COBIPORATION DIE DELAWABE FUJI? Application flled April 28,

The present invention relates in general to improvements in hydraulic machines, aud relates more specifically Co improvements m the construction und operation of rotary pumps especially adapted to operate upon relatively heavy fiuids 01 liquide conta1mng solid matter in suspension.

An object 0f the invention is to p1ov1de a centrifugal pump for handling liquids baying solid substances in suspensi on, v vhmh 1s simple in conS-uction .and efl'1c1ent m operation. Another object of the invention 1s to provide a rotary pump which will no t clog due to the presence of s01'1d partic1es 111 the liquid passing through the pump retor. further object of the invention is to promde a compact pump structure wherein the parts which are subjected to excessiVe wear may be readily replaced. Still another ob ect of the invention is to provide an improved rotor for centrif'ugal umps er the like. These and other ob eets and advantages will'appear from the following description.

A c1ear concept1on of an embodiment of the invention und 0f the manner in which devices constructed in ccordance therewith are adapted to operate,. may be had by referring t0 the drawing accompanyirxg a nd forming a part of this specification in wh1ch 1ike reference characters designate the same 01 similar parts in the seve ral views.

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section through a centrifugal pum struc ture, showing the pump impeller in e evation.

Fim 2 is an end view o1 the improved pump impe 1er.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the imProved pump impeller.

The centrifugal pump shown in detail in I: Fig. 1, comprises in general a casing cousisting of a lower o1 base section 3, und an upper er cover section 4 cooperating therewith to form a rotor 2 which is carried by a main sha%h9 e pump casing is provided at one end with a. tubular exte1'1sion which forms a suction pas sage 7 disposed coaxial with the roter 2.

Located within the casing sections 3, 4 is a sei; of annular ]iners 5, 6, euch of which is housing for the impeller or 1928. Serial N0. 273,506.

formed es a single complete ring held in place by the assembled casing sections 3, 4,

8 which form a spiral delivery eonduit in open communication with the peripheral discharge openings of the impeller 2. The main shaft 9 may be connected to any suitable driv- A ing means'such as an electric motor 01 a pulley, and extends into the pump casing through a suitable stufling box er packing 17 coacting with the base and cover sections 3, 4.

The improved impeller er roter 2 forming an important Part 0f the present invention, comprises a conical hub 11 and a pair of diametrically opposite vanes euch of which extends spirall y about the hub. The inlet edges 12 0f the vanes diverge away from the hub and from the rotor axis, in ordet to provide an unobstructed axial suction opening leading into the impeller. The spiral fluid impelling surfaces of the vanes, are laterally inglined relative 130 the axis 0f the rot or ad- ]oining the inlet edges 12, and gradually ap proach axial parallelism at the discharge portions 13 of the vanes. The vane discharge portions 13 are connected to the comical central hub 11 by means of end walls 14 located remote from the Suction side of the impeller, und. the conical hub 11 has a bored projection 18 which is rigidlv attached to the end of the mein shaft 9. 'Ihe formation of the impeller vanes is such that one side of the rotor is entirely open and the suction opening is free from obstruction, and is also such that the entering material is gradually deflected from axial flow to outwa1d flow by the spiral vane surfaces, without perinitting any of the material to cling to the impe1ler structure. While the vanes 013 the-rotor 2 are disclosed as extending about the impeller axis,

materially reduced in some cases.

During norm*al operation of the pump the impeller 2 is rotated by means of the main shaft 9 in a counter-clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 2, and the rotating spiral vanes cause the fluid to enter the suction opening from the inlet passage 7 and to travel along the internal surfaces of the impeller vanes until it is eventually delivered from the discharge portions 18 t-o the spiral discharge conduit 8. By virtue of the divergence of the inlet edge 12 ancl of the adjoining guiding surfaces of the vanes, solids which may be suspended in the liquid being pumped, are prevented from clinging to theyrotor and thereby clogging the suction opening. Any solids entering the pump, quickly pass ihrough the impeller passages, and are delivered from the roter 2 through relatively Wide openings at the periphery f the rotating structure. The fluid thus delivered from the roter t0 the conduit 8 is discharged under pressure from the final discharge opening of the casing.

It Will be noted that by utilizing only two J Vanes ancl by causing these vanes t0 extend spirall v about the hub and about the impeller axis a comi aratively great distance, relativel v long impelling surfaces adapted to gradually change the direction of flow from axial t0 radial, are provided. The impeller by virtue .of its formation with one side completely open, may be readily constructed and machined to provide smooth surfaces for the vanes. The wearing plates 5, 6 cooperate with the sides of the rotor 2 to provide for proper confinement of the liquid being pumped, and the inleteye produced by the flange 16 of the plate 6 insures delivery of t-he fluid to the pump impeller without permitting particles to lodge ab the relatively moving sealing surfaces. The formation of the inlet edges 12 of the vanes also provide a relatively unobstructed suction opening within the rotor, thereby positively eliminating danger 0f clogging. The liner plates 6 are readily removable by virtue 0f the sectional construction of the pump casing and are efi'ectively retained in normal position by the annular projections 15 cooperating With tl1e cnsing recesses. These liner plates by virtue 0f their ring structure also tend to eliminate clogging by presenting smooth annular guiding surfaces, and additionally enhance the rigidity of the pump structure. Pumps constructed in accordance with the present invention have been producing efliciencies of over per centwider the severe conditions of operation, without clogging.

It shoulol be understood that it is not desired to l-imit the invention to the exact details of construetion herein shown and described, for various modifications within the scope of the claims may occur to persons skilled in the art.

It is qlaimed and. desired to secure by Letters Patent:

1. A pump impellercomprising, a conical hub, and vanes extending spirally along and about the axis 0f said hub, the inlet edges of said vanes extending spirally and outwardly away from the smaller end of said hub 120 provide an unobstructed axial suction opening in advance of the hub apex, and the spiral fluid impelling surfaces of said vanes being laterally inclined relative to said axis adjoining said edges and gradually approaching axial parallelism ab the discharge portion thereof.

2. A pump impeller comprising, a conical hub, and a pair of diametrically opposite vanes each extending spirally and outwardly away from the smaller encl of said hub to provicle an unobstructed axial suction opening in advance of the hub apex, and the spiral fluid impelling surfaces of said vanes being laterally inclined relative t0 said axis adjoining said edges and gradually approaching axial parallelism at the discharge portion thereof.

3. In a pump, a rotary conical hub, vanes rotatable with and extending spirally along and about the axis of said hub to form an impeller, the inlet edges ofSaid vanes extending spirally and outwardly away from the smaller end of said hub to provide an unobstructed axial suction opening within said impeller and in a'dvance of the hub ape x and the spiral fluid impelling surfaces of said vanes being laterally inclined relative 130 said axis adjoining said edges and gradually approaching axial parallelism at the discharge portions thereof, a casing enclosing said impeller and having a suction Opening communicating therewith, and a stationary renewable side plate secured to said casing and cooperating with said impeller to provide an unobstructed opening of less diameter than the suction opening of said casing communicating direaz{zly wi th tl1e suction Opening of said impe er.

In testimony vyhereof, the signature of the inventor is aflixed hereto.

FRANK H. PAATSCH.

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