US1624270A - Kerosene vaporizer - Google Patents

Description

. a 12 1 Z Apnl 9 7 J. A. MATHES I KEROSENE VAEORIZER Filed Sent 2'7 1920 In ven tor: 91$, 62, 74441250.

Patented Apr. 12, 1927.

UNITED STATE JOHN A. KATHES, OF SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA.

KEROSEHE VAPORIZEB.

Application filed September 27, 1920. Serial No. 413,040.

culate around the tubes to heat them to the vaporizing temperature of the liquid fuel contained in the vaporizing tubes.

A further object is to provide a simple air and fuel vapor mixer, which is formed by the usual intake manifold with a pipe extension having an open end to form the inlet mixing tube of the air and fuel vapor mixer.

The air and vapor mixer is provided with an opening in the side to receive the heated vapor from the secondary vaporizing tube where it is thoroughly mixed with atmospheric air in correct proportions for perfect combustion.

It is further provided that the air and vapor mixer is positioned at the side of and in close proximity to the exhaust gas manifold and to the exhaust gas jacket and in heat receiving relations thereto.

The exhaust gas jacket is located at the side of the engine cylinders as near the exhaust manifold as practical.

By positioning the exhaust gas jacket which contains the vaporizing tubes and the air and vapor mixer where the vapor is mixed with air at the side and in close proximity to the engine exhaust manifold, I am enabled to maintain the vaporized hydrocarbon vapor at a temperature above the condensing temperature of the mixed vapor that is being conveyed to the engine cylinders.

The vaporizing tubes are both inclined at a considerable angle from the inlet on the upper end down to the outlet of the lower ends. This inclination is for the purpose of causing the small quantity of liquid fuel that is caused to enter the upper tube from the oilsupply pipe, when the supply valve is opened momentarily preparatory to starting, to pass down over the surface of the secondary or lower vaporizing tube, the

vaporizing tube having been previously heated by the electric heating element.

A further object of having the vaporizing tubes inclined downward is to prevent the tubes from filling at any time with any considerable quantity of liquid as would be the case with tubes located horizontally.

To promote a quick starting of a cold engine with the use of the regular kerosene or other hydrocarbon contained in the main supply tank and conducted through the same channels as the main supply of liquid fuel, is one advantage of my invention which is accomplished by having the secondary vaporizing tube positioned in an inclined position from the inlet down to the outletand a limited quantity of oil caused to flow down over a large heated surface of vaporizing pipe, and having a large open unobstructed outlet into the inletend of the air and vapor mixer and then only a short distance for this small charge of mixed vapor to travel to the engine cylinders. Theheating of the vaporizer for this initial starting is accomplished by the electric heating element shown or other suitable means.

After the initial heating, as explained, the exhaust gases in the exhaust gas jacket make the heatingof the tubes continuous and automatic, and the electric current is turned oil.

In the claims the vaporizing tube 4 is referred to as the primary vaporizing tube and tube 13 as the secondary vaporizing tube.

With these objects in view, my invention is embodied in preferable form in-the construction and arrangement hereinafter described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.

The drawing is a diagrammatical View in vertical section of the complete device.

The form of device shown in the drawing consists of a jacket 1 completely enclosing the vaporizing tubes 4 and 13. Jacket 1 is formed of one integral casing whichv is imperforate save at the inlet 2 and outlet 3; forming an inlet and an outlet for the exhaust gases from the exhaust gas manifold, not shown in the drawing, which allow the exhaust gases to circulate freely around the vaporizing tubes to maintain them at the vaporizing temperature as long as the engine is in operation.

Formed as a part of vaporizing tube 4 is valve body 4 having valve stem 11 which is adapted to seat in the orifice seat 12,. while lever arm 1() actuatcs valve stem 11. The orifice formed at seat 12, serves as an outlet for the heated vapor of vaporizing tube 4 when the engine exhaust is heating the liquid fuel to a vapor in vaporizing tube 4 and serves as an outlet for the small quantity of liquid fuel when the supply valve 8 is opened momentarily by valve lever 9 for the initial starting of the vaporizer, the tube 13 having previously been heated by the electric heating element 15.

The control of the liquid fuel supply flowing-through pipe 7 from a supply tank bv valve 8, has only secondary importance in regulating the proportions of kerosene vapor to air. The valve 8 is adjusted only roughly, there being at all .stages of adjustment an opening allowing a surplus of liquid fuel. The opening at orifice 12 allows only sufiicient vapor to escape as to give the correct proportion for the air flowing in' the air and vapor mixer, and thereby creates a back pressure that automatically regulates the flow of liquid into vaporizing tube '4 through valve 8, in other words, the valve 11 controls the amount of liquid that passes .through valve 8.

Formed as a part of the lower end of vaporizing tube 4 is tube 13 and sleeve 14. Sleeve 14 serves as a means of attaching tube 13 to 13" and tube 4 and with an insulated joint at the upper end of vaporizing tube 13. At the lower end of tube '13 is another msulated joint 14 formed as a part of sleeve 13, both insulated joints serving to insulate the vaporizer 13 from metal contact that would dissipate the heat derived from the electric heating element 15 when heating the tube 13 preparatory for the initial starting. The secondary vaporizing tube 13-is made relatively smaller than primary vaporizing tube 4 to conserve the heat required for the initial starting, the short tube v13 having-outlet 23 serves as a support for the, insulated joint'14 and as a conduitfor the vapor from tube 13.

Formed in the lower side of jacket l-is the insulating bushings 16 and 16" through which the electric terminal wires pass to the electric heating element.

Formed as an end to the electric heating element chamber 17 is wall 1 which also serves as a support for sleeve 14.

The electric element chamber 17 has front and back side walls, not shown, and has its top side closed by the lower wall of tube 13, making the chamber 17 imperforate save for the entering openings for the electric wires,

which arrangement keeps the exhaust gases from coming in contact with the electric heating element.

In the upper end of the vaporizing tube 4 is placed a light wire mesh, 5, which serves as a filler to cause part of the liquid fuel to adhere by capillary attraction and remain in the upper end of the vaporizing tube during the operation of the vaporizer, preventing pulsation of the vapor supply and the liquid supply, and the wire serves to retain a small part of the initial charge of cold oilthat passes through the wire on its way to the lower vaporizing tube 13, when the engine is slarted from a cold state with the electric element. The secondary vaporizing tube 13 is small in diameter to insure quick starting and economy in use of electric current.

Oil supply valve 8 has a spring seat head, not shown, attached to the valve stem which will open upwardly and allow a release of pressure in the chamber of vaporizing tube 4 when the valve Sand valve 11 are closed on stopping the engine, which pressure would end 13 in an opening in the side of the cold air intake end of the air and fuel vapor mixing chamber 20 formed by casing 18.

Butterfly valve .19 is positioned in air and vapor mixer 20 at a point above the outlet of the vaporizing tube 13".

The upper end of the air and vapor mixing tube 20 is bent inwardly and back of the hot exhaust gas jacket 1, for the purpose of having the air mixer in heat receiving relation to the jacket 1 and to the exhaust manifold of the engine, not shown in drawmg.

to facilitate removal of wire filler 5.

It is thus seen that with this construction and arrangement that the air after entering the mixing tube at 21 mixes with theoil vapor discharged from 23 and goes to the engine cylinders through conduit 22. Thus all parts of the air and vapor mixer are in intimaterelations with the hot zone of the exhaust manifold and the exhaust gas acket, which arrangement prevents condensation of the mixed air and vapor.

Cap 6 on tube 4 has threaded engagement In this invention the air and vapor mixer I is considered as the chamber from the air intake to the engine cylinder inlet ports, which is not necessarily constructed inLthe form of the usual intake manifold. The upper portion of air and vapor mixer is not shown in drawing.

In the operation of this'device, before the engine is iven the usual turn over for starting, the e ectric switch controlling the current for the heating element is turned on and after a half minute of heating the vaporizing tube 13 the hand throttle lever is turned to wide open and quickly closed again. This operation has discharged a small quantity or liquid fuel into the up per end .of the vaporizing tube 4 where a portion adheres to the wire filler 5 and a portion passes quickly down and out the opening 12 into vaporizing tube 13 and down over the heated surface of the tube.

sutiicient vapor mixture to pass valve 19 to' give the en ine a few explosions, Now the operator 0 serves that the engine has started and shifts the hand throttle lever (not shown) to open the three valves 8, 11, and 19 respectively a limited amount, which causes the vapor that has formed in the tube' 4 from the heat of the exhaust gas of the few first explosions and also the heat of the electric element to supply sufiicient heat to continue the operation. The process of heating the tubes and the mixing of the vapor with. air is now continuous and automatic.

After the engine is insured a good start, as stated above, the electric heating element is turned OE and the operation of the engine from that-time until the next starting operation is in the usual way. 7

Having thus described my invention what I claim is 1. A kerosene vaporizer comprising a cas ing having an inlet and an outlet for aheating agent, an air and vapor mixing cham-=' nication with the valve controlled outlet of said primary vaporizing tube and connected in open unrestricted communication with said air and vapor mixing chamber.

2. A kerosene'vaporizer comprising a casing having an inlet and an outlet for a heating agent, an air and vapor mixing chamber, a primary vaporizing tube for vaporizing kerosene supported in said casing having 'a valve controlled inlet" at one end and a valve controlled outlet at the other end, a secondary vaporizin tube held in communication ,with the va ve controlled outlet of said primary vaporizing tube and connected in unrestricted open communication with said air and va or mixing chamber, and held ina downwar y inclined position relativeto said rimary vaporizing tube.

3. A erosene vaporizer comprising a casbein ing having an inlet and an outlet for a heating agent, an air and vapor mixing chamber, a primary vaporizing tube for vaporizing kerosene supported in said casing having a valve controlled inlet at one end and a restricted outlet at the other end, a secondary vaporizing tube held in communication with the outlet of said primary vaporizing tube and connected in unrestricted open communication with said .air and vapor mixing chamber, and held in a downwardly inclined position relative to said primary vaporizing tube, and an electrical heating element located in said casing adjacent to said sedond= ary vaporizing tube.

4. A hydrocarbon vaporizer comprising a casing having an inlet and an outlet for exhaust gas, two downwardly inclined vaporizing tubes supported in said casing, the upper end of the primary vaporizing tube having an inlet for the liquid fuel and the lower end having a valve controlled outlet communicating with the upper end of the secondary vaporizing tube, the outlet of said sec-- ing a valve controlled inlet and the lower end having a valve controlled outlet communicating with the upper end of the secondary vaporizing tube, the outlet or which is unobstructed.

6. A kerosene vaporizer comprising a casing having an inlet and an outlet for exhaust gas, two downwardly inclined vaporizin tubes supported in said casing, the upper on of the primary vaporizing tube having a valve controlled inlet and the lower end having a valve controlled outlet communicating with the upper end of the secondary vaporizing tube, the outlet of which is unobstructed, and an electrical heating element located in said casing adjacent said secondary vaporizing tube.

7. A kerosene vaporizer comprising a casing having an inlet and an outlet, two downwardly inclined vaporizing tubes supported in said casing, the upper end of the primary vaporizing tube havin a valve controlled inlet and the lower en having a valve controlled outlet communicating with. the upper end of the secondary vaporizing tube, the outlet of the secondary vaporizing tube unobstructed and the diameter of whic being reduced relative to said primary vaporizing tube.

8. .A kerosene vaporizer comprising a casing having an inlet and an outlet, two down wardly inclined vaporizing tubes supported in said casing, the upper end of the primary vaporizing tube havin a valve controlled inlet and the lower en having a valve controlled outlet communicating with the upper end of the secondary vaporizing tube the outlet of which being unobstructed and the diameter. of which being reduced relative to said primary va orizing tube, and an air and vapor mixing c amber connected-thereto at its lower end. 10 In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification this 24th day of September 1920.

' JOHN A. MATHES.

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