US1493894A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

" May 13 1924. 1,493,894

F. A. REECE CARBURETOR Filed April 4, 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVEN fDYI Patented May 135, 11924.

"more STATES PATENT CARIBURETOR.

Application filed April 4,

My invention has for its object acarburetorfor use in connection with internal combustion engines. The particular object of the invention is to produce a carburetor which will be efficient under varying conditions of load, speed, and of the atmosphere and which consequently will be more efiicient and economical than carburetors as heretofore constructed.

It is well understood by those skilled in the art that if an aerofoil be placed in a stream of air, rarefication will occur at a point to the rear of the nose of the aerofoil and that the degree of rarefication will depend upon the angle of incidence of the aerofoil, the speed of the air stream and the curvature of the effective surface of the aerofoil. Accordingly in my novel carburetor, I place an aerofoil in the air stream leading through the passage of'the carburetor and introduce the liquid fuel through holes or ports in the aerofoil adjacent the point of greatest rarefication. Since the amount of fuel which will be drawn through the fuel ports will vary with variations in the degree of rarefication, and this will vary with changes in the'angle of incidence, I provide means for changing the angle of incidence, and. in this way produce variations in the mixture. Means are also provided for reducing the cross section of the passage through which the 'air stream flows and simultaneously therewith closing a ro'portionate number of the fuel ports so t at the engine may be throttled as required without varying the mixture appreciably for any given position of the aerofoil.

As I believe myself to be the first to construct a carburetor having an aerofoil in the air stream passing therethrough, the fuel being introduced into the air stream near the point of greatest rarefication, I intend to claim the same in the broadest possible manner.

The invention will be fully understood 1919. Serial N0. 287,503.

from the following description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, and the novel features thereof will be pointed out and clearly defined in the claims at the close of this specification.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a top plan view of the carburetor embodying my IHVGHiIlOIl,

a portion thereof being broken away to show the interior construction more clearly. Fig. 2 is a section on line 22 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a section on line 33 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section on an enlarged scale of the central portion of the aerofoil.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view on an enlarged scale of the tubular valve member.

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 3 with the aerofoil in a slightly different position. Fig. 7 illustrates a modification of my novel carburetor.

Referring now to the drawings, there is shown at 11 a box-like casing provided with flanges 12 by means of which the carburetor is secured to the intake manifold of the engine. This casing 11 has a passage 13 in which the explosive mixture is produced and through-which flows the air stream entering the engine; At 14 is shown a screen or series of reticulations through which the air passes for the purpose of removing any large eddies. In the air passage 13 is placed a' member 5 which 1 term the aero-foil. In practice, I-ma-ke the lower surface of this memberfiat and the upper surface a curve, such for instance as is used for the upper surface ofthe planes of an airplane. The exact nature of this curve is well known to those skilled in the art and has been determined both experimentally and theoretically, the object being to produce the great est rarefication with the minimum velocity of the air stream, The aerofoil 5 is provided with a hollow stem 16 which passes into a hole in the side wall of the casing 11 and is provided with a lever arm 41. The stem 16 forms a pivot on which the aerofoil may be swung by the arm 41 to change the angle of incidence'in the air stream and consequently to vary the vacuum produced thereby. The stem 16 and the aerofoil are drilled out as shown at 17 to form a fuel passage and a series of fuel ports 8 are bored ports are located so as to be subjected to the rarefication produced by the aerofoil, and are preferably at the point of greatest rarefication. These fuel orifices are arranged in a row across the aerofoil.

Inside the fuel passage of the aerofoil is placed a tubular valve member 3 (see also Figs. 4 and 5). This fuel valve has a tubular bore 2 connected by a port 34 with the port 19 in the stem 16 of the aerofoil. The port 19 itself communicates with the fuel pipe 20.

The tubular valve member 3 is also provided with a series of ports 4: communicating With a cut-away space 6 running lengthwise of the valve member. This space 6, when viewed in cross section, is tapering, so that the amount of fuel which can pass out through the ports 8 in the aerofoil is limited bythc size of that part of the space 6 whichlies opposite to the ports 8. The fuel valve 3 passes out through a stufiing-box 37 and is "rotatable relatively to the aerofoil by means aerofoil 5 so that the throttle valve may he slid crosswise of the aerofoil and to close, wholly or in part, the air passage through the carburetor. Consideredtogether as if they were one member, themembers 21 and 22 composing the throttle valve are circular in cross section as seen from Fig. 3, and their diameter is equal to the height of the air passage so that when they are slidacross the aerofoil. the-air'passage will be closed. The head 23 has an annular groove 2 6 formed in its exterior surface for engagement with the fork 27 pivoted at 28 to a lug 29 on the side of the carburetor casing 11. By moving the fork 27 on its pivot, the throttle valve may be pushed in or pulled out to admit more or less air and thus control the speed of'the engine. The annular groove 26 permits the throttle valve to be rotated on'its axis by the aerofoil when the aerofoil is moved to change its angle of incidence. (See Fig. 6.) .Variation in the angle of incidence of the aerofoil changes the degree of rarefication produced adjacent-the orifices of the fuel ports, 8 and thereby the proportion of air to fuel may be varied.

The fuel ports 8 are preferably arranged at increasingly greater distances apart, the

ports which are nearer together being on the s de of the aerofoil which is away from the throttle valve. -In this way, a larger in crease in fuel port opening is produced by a produced ad acent the fuel ports, thereby increasing the suction on the fuel ports and the richness of the mixture produced.

In Fig. 7, I have shown an aerofoil having two passages 7 and 9 through .it parallel with the fuel passage and provided with ports 41 and 42 which emerge adjacent the fuel ports 8 and at an angle to the vertical as indicated in Fig. 7. The two passages 7 and 9 may be su plied with hot air which is projected into t e streams of fuel as they emerge from the fuel ports 8 and thereby supply heat to compensate for the heat loss due to vaporization. This arrangement will be found to be'advantageous when it is desired to use the carburetor with the heavier fuelssuch as kerosene.

What I- claim is,

1. In a carburetor, a casing having an air passage therethrough, and an aerofoil therein,- having a fuel orifice subjected to the 'rarefication produced by the aerofoil.

2. In ,a'carburetor, a casing having an air passage therethrough, an aerofoil therein, and a fuel orifice. adjacent the point of greatest rarefication produced by the aerofoil.

3. Ina carburetor, a casing having an-air passage therethrough, an aerofoil therein, and a fuel orifice adjacent the point of reatest rarefication produced by the aerooil, and means to change the effective size of the fuel orifice. 4. In a carburetor, a casing having an air passage 'thercthrough, an aerofoil therein movable to vary its angle of incidence to the air stream, and a fuel orifice subjected to the rarefic-ation produced by the aerofoil.

5. In a carburetor, a casing having an air .passage therethrough, an aerofoil therein, a f

fuel orifice subjected to the rarefication produced by the foil, and a. throttle valve movable transversely of the air passage to narrow the air stream passing the aerofoil.

6. In a carburetor, a casing having an air passage therethrough, an aerofoil therein, a fuel orifice subjected to the rarefication pro duced by the aerofoil therein and a throttle valve movable transversely of the air passage and on both sides of the aerofoil to narrow the air stream passing the aerofoil on both sides of the aerofoil equally.

7. In a carburetor, a casing having an air passage therethrough, .an aerofoil therein,

a fuel orifice subjected to the rarefication' produced by the aerofoil therein, 'and a throttle valve to control the air stream passing the aerofoil.

' a series of fuel orifices extending across said aerofoil and subjected to the rarefication produced by it, and a throttle valve movable across the said foil and said ports, said ports being spaced at unequal distances apart so that equal movements of the throttlevalve will produce unequal differences in the fuel supply.

10. In a carburetor, a casing having an air passage therethrough, an aerofoil therein, a fuel orifice subjected to the rarefication produced by the aerofoil, a cylindrical throttle valve free to rotate and having a slot therein corresponding in shape to the adiacent portion of the aerofoil, means for slid-- ing said throttle valve transversely of said air passage and across said aerofoil to narrow said airpassage, and means to change the angle of incidence of the aerofoil by the rotation of the cylindrical throttle valve.

11. In a carburetor, a casing-having an air passage therethrough, an aerofoil therein having a fuel orifice subjected to the rarefication produced by the aerofoil, a pivotal mounting therefor such that movement thereon will change the angle of incidence of the aerofoil, a pivotally mounted throttle valve movable across the aerofoil both above and below it, means to mow sail aerofoil to change its angle of incidence, and means to move the throttle valve across the aerofoil to narrow the air passage.

12. In a carburetor, a casing having-an air passage therethrough, an .aerofoil therein having a fuel passage therein parallel with the leading edge and a series of fuel orifices connecting with said fuel passage and emerging at apoint subjected to the rarefication produced by the aerofoil, and a throttle valve movable in a line substantially parallel with said leading edge to close the fuel orifices and narrow the air passage,

13. In a carburetor and in combination, a casing having an air passage therethrough, an aerofoil therein having a fuel passage therethrough and a series of orifices opening therefrom and a rotatable member within said fuel passage having a central bore and fuel orifices therefrom, there being in said interior rotatable member a cut-away portion of diminishing cross-section so that by rotation of said rotatable member the effective opening may be regulated.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

FRANK A. REE-GE.

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