US1307653A - Supporting and hoisting mechanism - Google Patents

Description

I. BENJAMINS.

SUPPORTING AND HOlS'HNG MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED MN- 23. 19H- 1 Patented June 24, 1919.

UNITED STATES PATENT Corn ce.

ISRAEL BENJAMINS, O-F BATHBEAGH, NEW YORK.

- SUPPORTING AND I'IOIS'IING MECHANISM. l L I" To all whom it may concern: Be it known thatI, ISRAEL BENJAMINS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bathbeach, in the county ofKings and State of New York, have invented a new and'useful Supporting and Hoisting Mechanism, of which the following is a specification. y

My invention relates to improvements in supporting and hoisting mechanisms, in which a column "and one or more gripping members have relative motion to each other, and it includes both mechanismsin which said column is movablejand mechanisms in which said column is stationary. To the former classbelon such mechanisms as the one patented on l Dec. 12, 1916, under the title of a Mechanism for supporting and hoisting loads and sundry 1 articles, No.

' 1,208,458. To the latter 'olassbelong mech anisms for supporting in position and ho1st-- ingzelevators, dumbwaiters, vertically mov: ing platforms, cages, fire-escapes, and any other articles to which my mechanism may be applied. 1

The objects of myinvention are:

First. To provide all mechanisms,- such as above described, with a means for applying thereto power, preferably that of electric motors, for hoisting the load, without the use of ropes or chains.

2d. To provide said mechanisms of all classes with a means for gradually lowering said load without taxing the skill or mention of the operator, said lowering means being actuated either by an electric motor or by manual or foot power, if desired.

3d. To provide a mechanism for supporting and hoisting a load, such as an elevator car or dumbwaiter 'box or cage, which is uided by a stationary column or columns,

without the use of any ropes or chains.

1th. To have said meohanlsm simple, dur able and inexpensive.

I attainthese objects by the mechanism,

one specific form of which is shown 1n the drawings or by any mechanlcal equivalent or obvious modification of the same.

I also begv to refer to the drawings of said Patent No. 1,208,458 as illustrating sundry modifications'of the hoisting mechanism of this application.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a vertical AB of Fig. 2 and look section on the line ing toward the left, showing, also "partof I Specification of Letters Patent.-

Patented June 24., 1919.

, Application filed January 23, 1917. .Serial No. 144,036.

the bottom of an elevator car or cage largely diagrammatically and'in elevation.

Similar numerals and letters refer to similar parts throughoutthe views of the drawings.

11 is part, of the bottom of an elevator cage orcar, shown as embodying theconnectlons 13, and 13* for the springs 34' and 36, hereinafter described. c

12 and 12 are brackets for attachingto and carrying the boX 1a of the-supporting gripping membershownin Fig. 2 in elevation and in Fig. 1 in section. 1 1 are the flanges of said box 1 1 for connecting the same to said brackets 12 and 12 by means of suitable fastenings, which are not shown in the drawings. i a 16 is a stationary column or guide, such as used for elevator cages or cars, which column may have any suitable shape in cross-,1 section. v

17 17 are the movable keys of thejsupporting gripplng'member, which keys are shown as having on their inner and outer edges grooves or raceways containing the rolling members 18 and riders 183 the latter are shown as smaller in 'diameter,'there-' The backs ofsaid grooves or raceways:

are shown as inclined tosaidcolumn' 16 and to the ends of said box l gand "receding downwardly therefrom. r V

The rolling members 18 may beeither oylindrical or spherical, and their riders 18 may have-anys'uitable shape.

19, 19 aretrip rods shown in Figs. 1 and 2as connected each at its lower end to one of said keys 17 by means of the studs 20, shown in dottedlines in Fig. 1, and at its upper end to the lever 21 by means of the Said lever 21 is shown in Fig. 2 as pivotally connected to the bracket 12 by means of the pin 23 and as embodying the loop 15 for connecting to the lower end of said Fig. 2 is a'view partly in elevation and spring and carrying s'c Tone a.

which is actuated by the cam 39 carried by the shaft or-spindle 37, whichissuppor-ted by suitable bearings carried by thebracket Said pin 23 is omitted from Fig. 1 for the sake of clearness. 1

24 is the box of the hoisting gripping menrber, .which is shown in Fig. 1 as eX- tensibly connected to said keys 17 by means of the springs 25, 26,shown asho'oked at their upper ends torings 17 formedat the lov'verends of said "keys 17., and at their lower endfsto rings '2ath' formed at t e '.'th lug '2 o Sa d b 2 "24mm bossesgshown in Fig; "1 as ,formed on the sides of 'saidfibox at the upper end h re f, ,i' h bos es a aefa pe t b depressed by the heads 17 'oftlie keys 1 7, for the purpose hereinafter described,

"2 awar ai iebletsi i t n rlpp ingme hhelf, y hl yk ys Je ehow 1 Fig. 2' as-liavlng tjfthe r nner and outer edg ero r s or r eeway mila to thos thekeys l7, androlling members 28, in

s -1i d umh l6 an w th h ends' ofsa id' box QgLQonthe inside there'o f, 1 9 l d r 8% ill r 0.1 an s r i 29, '9 areconneoting rods,shown in Fig. 2' 'as secured at theirlqwer ,to'sai dkeys 2, ,by means of o the studs 3p, which. .are shown dotted linea aiid aththeir lup 'p'er eiids to ens ave; 31, bya ans; of the pin '32, which is shown indo'tted lines in Fig.1, ns Which is omitted frem Fig. 2, for the "sake ofcleaifriess. (Said lever '31 shown in Figs.

1 and 21ers pivotally feahheeeed a the bracket .2 3 s sdf hef r'iind ef3 3, is spring, wh ch iss wn ,ini LlT gl; as? ontet in xsadl er811mm; bQttOmbh le l i sei f ea 1, a th up'rg r e dicf prin shau a l snn t tothe lap 1 w iich is shown as embodied in the bottpinofi said car oro cage ll, and the lower end ofsaid sho wn as cgnliected tolthe loop or ring 15 embodied in' the lleverfBl, which is shqwuin g .l a rca ry ng t e h m 'r l Q,.W l i i mama Wi h m. 38 shown as; carried by I the, shaft] or spin dle 35, supported by suitableflbearings, in the bracket12,

Theisl'alfiiig'gsv 34 {and 3-fi il gsei the levers 31 21 respectively to pull, qnfthe connecting rods 29.,a-nd tripping rods ,19'1respectiVe-1y.

' "Sa dt1- pPing t ds 1 9 re t ansmi ting th tension to the keys 17 ofthe supportingjgrip ping member, (which keys- 17 ,are :hereby j mined 'in between the rolling vin e mbers 1 8, wiich are in contact with the inclined ends of the box 14, on the inside thereof; and the rollers 18 which are ;in contact with the column 16, thereby pressing the latter rolling,

members against said column 16 withsuch an ihtensi -ty that, theiresistance to {rolling of, said members 18becomes" greater than theKload held in a position.

said lever 31 a reci 9n said keys 17, which support theload of the cage or car 11, which load is thereby v'lhe'keys 270 f the hoisting gripping member are shown in Fig. 2 as being in contact attheirupperi ends with the lower ends of the box 14 of the supporting gripping member, and the upper end of said box 21 ofthe hoisting gripping member is shown in Fig. 1 as not'quite touching the heads 1'7 of the keys 17 of the supporting gripping member; the box 24 is then jammed o1rtof ,tl1e keys 27 by the springs 25, 26, the tension of which springs produces thesame effect on the rolling members 28,

28, as the tension of the spring 36 does on,therolling members 18, as above described. When not interfered" wit both gripping "members serve as supports for the elevator 11 and 7 said column 16, which maybefsquarejin cross section if its length :be not {excessive} and when it is connectedlonly at its endsiro theframe ofthe building. I i

;Should the column 16 be of consi height and be connected to the frame bf the building at one or more points'in termediate to'its ends, the form of the cr'oss sec tion of the column may then be such, sofas to allow. a web for connecting to the ,frame of the building; and also bearing. surfaces vfor the rollers 18and28- of the gripping inein Boers; the boxes ,of the ripping members may then be made eachwit i anjopeningpn I one side, which isa dapted to'pass saidweb with its connections :to the frame, {while said gripping members aremoving up {and down 1; 1e column 16; the. center ,linesof, the gripping members may then '-be,. separate ,iancl at some distance from each other. When it is desired to raise the. elevator 11, the shaft 35 is made to rotate either by anelectric-motor through a suitable controller, both ofwhichare notshown in the drawings, or by any other motor, such as an oil ,engine; the shaft 35 causes the ean'r-or eccentric 38 to depress the lever til-against the tension of the spring ggwhich raises said .lever 31 when said cam 38 is inits upward ;phase of motion thereby imparting .to v proc'ablemotion, which is transmitted by said connecting rods 29' to saidkeys :27,27. During each downward stroke of said lever 31.th e action of therollers 28, as above described, arrests ;the downward motion of the keys27, 27, thereby causing .the elevator dean loo

cage or carll to move upwardly; the springs impulse imparted i0.

. lower part friction; these springs 25,26 may, however, be connected to the box 14 of the supporting gripping member, or. to any part which is stationary with relation to the cage or car 11.

When the'lever 31 is moved upwardly by said spring 34, the keys 27 of the hoisting gripping member are lifted. The rollers 28 are thereby relieved of pressure, while the spring 36 acts on the lever 21, pulling said lever upwardly, thereby preventing the cage orcar 11 from moving downwardly.

The springs 25 26, then,-bring the box 24 up to the keys 2 of the hoisting gripping member, and jam said box 24 on to said keys 27. Said cage or car will be stationary when the cam 38 is out of contact with said roller 40.

When it is required to move the cage or car 11 downwardly, the shaft37 is caused to revolve by a suitable motor, and the cam 39 is made to depress the lever 21 during part of its revolution against the tension of the spring 36, which lifts the lever 21 during another part. of the revolution of said cam 39. y

' When said lever 21 is depressed the motion is transmitted by thetriprods 19, 19, to.

the keys 17, 17 of its supporting gripping member, thereby releasing the same. The heads 17 of the keys 17, 17, act on the bosses 24 of the box 24, thereby somewhat removing said box 24 from the keys27 against the tension of the springs 25,26, and thereby releasing the hoisting gripping member. The clearance, shown in Fig. 1 between the heads 17 and the bosses 24, is provided to secure the tightness of said box 24 on said keys 27 of said hoisting gripping member.

The cam 39 is shownin Fig. 2'as having such a shape as to keep the lever 21 .depressed during almost one half of the rota-j. tion of the shaft 37, and to allow the spring. 36 to act on said lever 21 also. during almost one half of the rotation of said shaft, the of the cam in Fig. 2 not quite touching the roller 41 during this phasel'of its revolution. 1 i

The transition of the lever 21 from the position o'fextreme depression to thatof its highest lift is made appropriate outline ofthe cam 39.

The cam 38, on the contrary, is designed toact gradually on the lever 31', as is evident from 1 "of the drawings, thereby gradually raising the cage or car 11.

The outline of the cams38 and be different, however, ifdesired.

Theobject of the cam 39 is to prevent a too'sudden and continuous fall 'of the load when moving downwardlyby successively starting and stoppingthe gripping members. Only one hoisting and' one sup-porting ripping member is shown the drawings; but, for the sake of symmetry of action and sudden-and sharp by the to prevent strains on the mechanism, the

unless they be retained for extra safety in the emergency of a breakdown ofone, or morev of the hoisting gripping members.

It is evident that, when the speed of the shaft 35 is very high, thevelocity of the cage or car 11 will be nearly uniform, themomentum of the load tending to produce the uniformity of speed. W M 1 This result may be still morere'adily attained by using two hoisting gripping members or two setsof such members working in'opposite phases to each other. i I

The opposite phases of such hoisting gripping members 'may be secured by suitable gearing or chains and sprockets.

Where the speed of the'shafts 35 is very high, the supporting gripping 1 member of members may be omitted even when the hoisting gripping member or members are of one phase of action only, the momentum oftheload thenbeing relied on to prevent slip or undue retardation of thecage 11 betweensuccessive upward strokes ,of the hoisting gripping member or members.

The shafts35 and 37 with the cams 38 and 39 may be employed also respectively for actuating and releasing a hoisting mechanism in which the column 16 is movable, such as in my Patent No. 1,208,458.

I do not, therefore, restrict myself, as far as these general features are concerned, to the mechanism illustrated in the drawings of this application. The several parts of my supporting and hoisting mechanism ad mit of many modifications, as for example: The keys 17 and 27 mayhave raceways only on their inner edges, as in Figs. 3 and 4 of saidPatent No. 1,208,458; for light loads the riders 18 may be omitted, and for very light loads even the rolling members 18, .18.'may be omitted, and the keys'17 and 27 may then have no raceways.

One of each pair of keys 17 and 27 may be omitted, if desired, or made stationary in each gripping member, as in my Patent on an adjustable stand issued Oct; 14, 1913,

Thesupporting gripping member of this application may be used without the hoist-' ing grippingmember, where it is desired only to support any load by the mechanism,

without raisingthe' same, as in scafiolds, or

where other means are ing the load. i The number of grooves or raceways and employed for raisof said box, if desired; theboxes 14 and 24 may also be reversed in position, and the triprods ,19, 19; may then i be 'inclosfed by the box 24, if desired. I

The supporting gripping member {may be made of the same form as the hoisting gripping amemben or viee versa, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9 of'said' Patent No. 1,208,458.

Many otherchanges ,could be made in the details and arrangement of parts of mysup porting and rho'isting mechanism without departing from ,theamain scope of .my invention,

I do not, thereforesrestrict myself .-tO:',l /h(3 form of the design as, shown ,inithe drawings, but I intend .to include also .all mechanical equivalents and obvious modifications o f-ithe I What Iclaim as my invention, :and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. Ina-hoisting mechanismigthe combination of a load carrier, a substantially vertical; column, a gripping member adapted-Ito be operated from said carrier and auto-c matically tov eiagageflsaid column, and ,a ,Ire-

, volving cam supported by said carrier and adapted to actuate ,said gripping nem ber, thereby lifting said carrier. i i

2. In a hoisting mechanism the combination of a load carrier, aisubstantially. ventical colummagripping member adapted to be operated from said carrier and automatically to engage saideolumn, a revolving cam supported by said carrier; and adapted during part of each revolution gthereofi to actuate said gripping member, thereby liftin said carrienaand a meanssfor automatically re-. turnlng said gr1pp 1ng member to its origi-, nal position with relation to sa d cam azfiter each lifting ,phase ofitserevolution. c v 3. In a hoisting mechanism thegcombination of a load carrier, asubstantially vertical column, a gripping member adapted to be operated from said. carrier. and ;.automatically to engage said column, a ,revolving cam supported by said ;carrier and adapted during part of each revolutionthereof to actuate said gripping ,member, thereby {lifting said carrier, and ajspring supported by said carrier and adapted--auto1natically to return said gripping member to its original position With relation to said cam after eaohiliftingphase of its revolution.

4. In a supporting mechanism ,the combination of a load, carrier, a substantially vertieal column, a; grippingmember adapted to be operated from said carrier, andautomatically to engage said ,column, thereby sustaining said carrier, and a revolving ,cam supported by said carrier and adapted during part of each revolution thereofato ,release jsaid gripping member thereby gradu ally lowering said carrier.

In a supporting mechanism the combi nation ofa load carrieiyla substantially vertical .column, a gripping member adapted to be operatediifrom said carrier and automatically -to engage said column, thereby sustaining said carrier, a means for nor mallyretaining said gripping member in engagement with said, column, .a revolving cam supported bysaid carrier ancLadapted during part of each revolution thereof :to release said gripping member in opposition to the forceof said retaining means andto allow said retaining means I automatically to act on saidgrippingmember after the re: leasing phaseoteach revolution of said cam, therebygradually lowering said carrier. Y

6. Imasupporting mechanism the combination of a substantially verticalqcolummna load carrier, a gripping member adaptedgto be operated from said carrier and'automati cally to engagegsaid column, therebysustaininggsaid carrier, a .springsupportedby said carrier and adapted normally to: retain said gripping ,member in engagement with said .column, a revolving 'cam supported by said carrier and adapted ,during part eachvrevolution thereof torelease said grip; ping. member in oppositionto vthe force of said spring,andt0 alloyv said springto act onsaid gripping memberlaf ter the releasing phase 0; ,1each revolution of {said there;' by gradually lowering saidgcarrier,

In asuppontinglmechanismthe combi: nation of a substantiallyvertical;column, a load carrier, gripping member supported y. e diear e n a p e 0 op ted from said carrier and to. engage said column by ,means of rolling members situated in ra -Way n dg ip i g mem e sai racevvays conveying toward saidgcolumn at V their upper ends .and ,recessing downwardly iromi d lumn at th r lo e ends, the by; causing said rolling .l116mbQIS ;tO;- f 6 ammed in ,said raceways V by :the v dovvnW-ard pressure of said gripping, member and thereby r ustaining said carrier, and a means for releas ng. said grlpping member. Y v

8. In a hoistingmech miSm :the combinati-Qn of s b ntial y vertical c l mn load carrier, a gripping member-supported by said carrier and adapted: to, beoperated from i l by means of rolling members situated in lraceyvays in; i said 7 gripping member, a said said gcarrierand to engagefsaid column racewaysQconveyihg toward said column at their upper :endsand recedingiflqwnw war y fromrsaid ee am e thei leve ds thereby causing said rolling members to be jammed in said raceways by the downward pressure of said gripping member and thereby sustaining said carrier, a means for oper .ating said gripping member, said means being adapted alternately to raise said carrier by leaning on said gripping member as a fulcrum in a series of successive strokes and to raise said gripping member by leaning on said carrier as a fulcrum during each return stroke, and a means for sustaining said carrier during each return stroke.

9. In a hoisting mechanism the combination of a load carrier, a substantially-vertical column, an automatic gripping member adapted to be operated from said carrier and automatically to engage said column, thereby lifting said carrier in a series of successive strokes and an automatic means for sustaining said carrier during each return stroke of said gripping member, said sustaining means being connected to said carrier and adapted to move therewith.

10. In a supporting mechanism the combination of a load carrier, a substantially vertical column, an automatic gripping member adapted to be operated from said carrier and automatically to engage said column, thereby sustaining said carrier, and an automatic means for releasing said gripping member, said means being connected to said carrier and adapted to move therewith.

11. In a hoisting mechanism the combination of a load carrier, a substantially vertical column, a gripping member adapted automatically to engage said column, and to lift said carrier in a series of successive strokes. a revolving cam adapted during part .of each revolution thereof to actuate said gripping member. a means for automatically returning said gripping member to its original position with relation to said cam after the lifting phase of each revolution thereof and a means for sustaining said carrier during each return stroke of said gripping member.

12. In a supporting mechanism the combination of a load carrier, a substantially vertical column, a gripping member adapted automatically to engage said column, thereby sustaining said carrier, a means for normally retaining said gripping member copies 'volving cam of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the in engagement with said column and a readapted during part of each revolution thereof to release said gripping member inopposition to the force of said retaining means and to allow said retaining means automatically to act on said gripping member after the releasing phase of each revolution of said cam, thereby gradually lowering said carrier.

13. In a supporting mechanism a substantially vertical column, a load carrier, an interiorly tapered box supported by said carrier, and adapted to move therewith,one or more tapered keys in said box, said keys being adapted to engage said column, a means for normally retaining said keys in engagement with said column, thereby sustaining said carrier, and a means for disengaging said keys from said column, thereby releasing said carrier, said retaining means and said disengaging means being supported by said carrier and adapted to move therewith.

14. In a hoisting mechanism a substantially vertical column, aload carrier, an interiorly tapered box extensibly supported by said carrier and adapted to move therewith, one or more tapered keys in said box, said keys being adapted to engage said column, a means for operating said keys supported by said carrier, said means being adapted alternately to raise said carrier by leaning on said keys as a fulcrum in a series 'ofsuccessive strokes and to, raise said box and keys during each return stroke by leaning on said carrier as a fulcrum and a means for sustaining said carrier during each return stroke, said sustaining means also being supported by said carrier and adapted to move therewith.

15. In a hoisting mechanism one or more stationary columns, a load carrier adapted to be guided thereby, one or more pairs of automatic hoisting gripping members adapted to engage said column or columns, thereby hoisting said carrier, said gripping members being in opposite phases, thereby making the motion of said carrier more uniform, and an automatic means for actuating said gripping members, supported by said carrier.

ISRAEL BENJAMINS.

Commissioner of Iatents,

washington, D. G.

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