US1393184A - Production of petrol - Google Patents

Description

F. TINKER.

PRODUCTION OF PETROL.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 18. 1920.

Patented Oct. 11, 1921 IZZ/W ezulm J? Tamwzg PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK TINKER, 0F ERDIN'GTON, BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND.

raonuc'rron or PETROL} Specificatibn of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 11, 1921.

Application filed February 18, 1%120. Serial No. 359,662.

(GRANTED UNDER THE PROVISIONS 01! THE A01 013' MARCH 3, 1921, 41 STAT. L, 1313.)

To all whom it may] concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK TINKER,D. $0., a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at 4, Gladstone road, Erdington, in the city of Birmingham, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements Relating to the Production of bon oil whether crude mineral oil, kerosene,-

solar oil, fuel oil, shale oil, creosote or other oil containing constituents which can be cracked.

-It has previously been proposed to distil oil, and, after or while passing the distilled vapor through a superheater, to mix the va or with a stream of oil. a

4 y invention is distinguished from previous proposals involving the use of a system comprising a still, a superheater and dephlegmator or fractionating column, in

' that I mix the vapor from the superheating or cracking chamber with a stream of crude oil in a pipe or chamber placed between the superheater and the fractionating column so that the process of wheat interchange is complete before the final product to be collected is delivered into the fractionatir'ig column and the residuum passed into-the still.

Referring to the accompanying sheet of ex lanatory diagrams igures L and 2 illustrate two forms of apparatus which can be used for carrying my invention into eifect.

her. r The same reference letters in'the two views indicate the same or similar parts.

Referring to Fig; 1, a still a which is heated in any convenient manner has its upper part where vapor collects connected to a cracking chamber 6 which is-also heated uniformly in any convenient manner. If

Fig. 3 shows an alternative cracking cham-l- 1 another pipe Z connects the lower ends of the chambers with the still. This pipe opens in the pipe 7 communicating with the still. While the oiland vapor are passing down desired two or more cracking chambers may be employed. The cracking chamber is connected to a fractionating chamber 0 and at an intermediate position as at provision is made for bringing into the system the main supply of crude or original oil. The upper part of the fractionating column is provided with a pipe 6 for drawing off vapor of lighter constituents and the lower end is in communication by a pipe 7 with the lower part of the still. Also provision is made fOIl drawing off the liquid contents of'the sti 1.

In the operation of the plant, oil is sup plied as indicated below to the still and the kerosene or solar distillate given oil? is conveyed by a pipe 9 to the cracking or superheating chamber. From this the vapor is withdrawn by the pipe h leading to the fractionating column and at d it meets the main supply of crude or original oil. The mixture of superheated vapor and oil flow in the same direction and due to the interchange of heat the lighter constituents of the original oil are vaporized. The final products consisting of the said lighter constituents, the light. hydrocarbons produced in the cracking operation and the heavier constituents, are collected in the fractionating column whence they are withdrawn in any convenient manner. Liquid deposited in the lower part of the column is passed to the still by the pipe. 7 where the volatile portion is driven oif and utilized as above the chamber j the oil is heated and the resulting vapor flows into the fractionating column, while the unvaporized oil flows directly to the still. Any oil collecting in the bottom of the fractionating column also flows back to the still.

In both the examples above described the mixed vapor and oil flow together for a time through a region in which the heat interchange between the oil and superheated vapor is completed before the product is passed into the fractionating column or the still. By the use of this feature ll am able to control efi'ectively the action of the plant and insure uniformity of operation.

In the cracking chamber 1) it is necessary to obtain as uniform a distribution of temperature as possible throughout the region in which the vapor is cracked or superheated. F or this purpose I employ a cylindrical externally heated horizontal chamber which is provided interiorly with a coaxial tube m (or a plurality of such tubes) arranged to produce counterfiowing streams in the chamber. F or example, with one innor tube the relatively cool vapor is brought in at one end and caused to flow to the opposite end Whenceit escapes to the outer annular space and flows backward to the outlet h from the chamber as shown in Fig. 3. With two inner tubes the relatively cool vapor flows forward along the inner tube,

l then backward in the space between it and the second tube m and finally forward to the outlet along the space between the second tube and the external wall of the chamber b. Preferably a worm or spiral partition at is arranged in the annular space adja- Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Let'- ters Patent is 1 1. In the production of petrol from hydrocarbon oils by means involving a still, a cracking or superheating device, and a fractionating column, mixin superheated vapor with the main stream 0 the original oil at a position between the cracking device and the fractionating column, delivering the resultant vapor into the fractionating column and the liquid into a still, generating vapor in the still, and super-heating said vapor in the superheating device for subsequent mixture with the main stream of oil, substantially as described.

2. In the production of petrol from hydrocarbon oil, mixing a stream of original oil with superheated vapor, passing the result ant vapor into a fractionating column, and the liquid into a still, evaporating a portion of the liquid in the still, passing the vapor produced in the still through externally heated concentric passages for super-heating the vapor, and delivering the superheated vapor to the main stream of oil, substantially as described.

lln testimony whereof l have signed my name to this specification. A

FRANK TINKJER.

Images