US1360653A - Safety attachment for elevators - Google Patents

Description

C. LIDDICOAT.

SAFETY ATTACHMENT FOR ELEVATOHS. APPLlcATmN'FILw Nov. a, |919.

1 ,360,653. Patented Nov.130, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

C. LIDDICOAT.

V SAFETY ATTACHMENT FOR ELEVATORS. APPLTCATIQN FILED Nov. 8,1919.

Pfrlla'rl oFFlcE.

CALEB LIDDICOAT, OF ALBIA, IOWA.

SAFETY .ATTACHMENT FOR ELEVATORS.

Speccation of Letters Patent.

Patented N ov. 30, 1920.

Application led, November 8, `1919. Serial N0. 336,600.

To @ZZ w hom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, Carine Lmnroofrr, a citizen of the United States, residing at Albia, in the county of Monroe and State of iowa, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Safety Attachments for Elevators, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to devices for preventing the accidental dropping of an elerator cage upon the breaking of an elevator cable or like hoisting means, and particularly to that class of devices wherein breaking ofthe elevator cable causes certain guide engaging' wedges to shift from an ino 7erative to an operative position in engagement with the vertical guides in the elevator shaft or well.

The general object of my invention is to provide a very simple and effective device of this character which will operate automatically upon the breaking of the elevator cable and which may be operated manually when it is desired to hold the cage at any particular point in case of danger.

A further object is to improve upon the detailed construction and arrangement of parts of mechanism .of this character, and particularly to improve'upon the construction and arrangement of the stops or blocks which, in case of breakage, engage with the guides of the elevator, and provide means for positively moving the stops into engagement with the guides, such means being of such character, however', that when the cable has been repaired, the lifting movement of the cable and elevator will cause the blocks to shift back into an inoperative position.

A further object is to provide a mechanism of this character in which the stopping means is not operated by springs or like devices liable to get out of order and become clogged or rusted so as to become inoperative. v

Other objects will appear in the course of the following description. y

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of an elevator cage having my safety attachment applied thereto;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view of the cage and guides on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

v F ig. 3 is a fragmentary vertical section through the casings of a pair of stop blocks showing the stop blocks therein in inoperative position;

F ig. 4l is like view to Fig. 2 ing the stop blocks raised;

Fig. is a perspective view of one of the stop blocks;

`Fig. 6 is a fragment-ary elevation of one of the guides and thestop block to show the manner in which the adjacent faces of the guide and stop block may be formed.

Referring to these figures, 10 designates an elevator cage of any suitable form and construction, and 11 the guides between which the elevator cage operates. The cable 12 is connected to the four corners of the npper end of the elevator by downwardly divergent links 13 and 13a. The lower end of the cable 12 carries a short headed rod 14 having thereon a weight 14a. The rod lei constitutes by itself a weight, and the rod is guided by arms 15 pivoted to the cage and loosely engaged with the rod 14. slackening or breaking of the cable 12 will cause the weighted rodl to drop.

lfiounted beneath the top of the cage are two levers 16 and 17, the lever 16 being formed at its inner end with a head 18 disposed beneath the weight 15 and adapted to receive the impact of this weight when the weight drops, and the inner end of the lever 17 has a pivoted link connection with the adjacent extremity of the lever 16 that .30th levers will move in unison. The levers are pivoted adjacent their outer ends by suitable brackets and bearings 19, and the but show ,outer ends of the are provided with downwarcly ente-.ming rods 20 which, at their lower ends, have lateral, oppositely projecting extensions 21. These rods 20 eX- tend down onthe inside faces of the elevator and the extensions 21 project out beyond the lateral faces of the guides 11.

Disposed on each side of each guide 11 are the triangular casings 22 which are rigidly attached tothe elevator cage. In each casing 22 is a triangular wedging block or stop 23 formed on its inner face with downwardly extending teeth 24. The side faces of the guides 11 may be formed with upwardly ex tending teeth, as in Fig. 6, if desired, but under normal circumstances these side faces will be left plain, as the teeth 24, upon the operation of the automatic stop, will bite into the guides sufliciently to prevent the elevator from dropping. Each block 23 has a recess 25 upon one face which registers with an upwardly extending slot 26 in the corresponding casing 22. A lug 27 on the adjacent end of the corresponding extension 21 extends through the slot 2G and engages the recess 25: It will be obvious now that if the rods 20 are pulled upward, the blocks 23 will also be pulled upward, and that the inclined outer faces of the blocks will engage the outside inclined face of the corresponding casing 32 and the blocks will be carried upward and inward and toward the elevator guide, and that as soon as these blocks are moved inward and become'engaged with the guide, the relative downward movement of the car will cause the blocks to be forced upward, wedging the blocks between the outer inclined faces of the casings 22 and the ,elevator guides, causing` the faces of the blocks to bite into the guides. and stopping the car. This initial upward movement of the stop blocks 23 is secured when the cable 12 breaks by the dropping of the weighted rod 111 upon the inner end of the lever 16 which, being connected to the lever 17, causes a downward movement of the inner end of this lever 17 as well as the lever 16. This lifts the corresponding stop blocks into operative position to engage with the guides upon a further downward movement of the elevator. f

In order to provide for manually controlling the movement of the stop blocks, I may elongate one of the levers, as the lever 17, to form a handle 28, and if this handle be pulled downward, it will depress the inner ends of both levers 16 and 1'7 and raise the outer ends of the levers. On the other hand, this handle 2S may be pushed upward vto thereby depress the outer ends of the levers after the blocks have been thrown into operative engagement with the guides so as Yto depress the blocks 23, thus shifting them out of engagement with the guides, if desired, to permit the downward movement of the elevator. It will'be obvious that by intermittently putting the blocks out of operative position and into operative position, that the elevator may be allowed to move downward little by little through the elevator shaft;

It will be seen that the mechanism which I have devised is very simple, that it is not dependent upon'springs or like contrivances, or upon bolts projected by the springs into engagement with ratchet teeth on the guides,

lthe device may be operated by hand when desired and yet will operate automatically when the cable breaks. Furthermore, the construction permitsthe wedging blocks 23 and the casings 22 to be made very strong so as to resist the strain to which they will be subjected when the wedging blocks are thrown into operative position. The greater the weight on the elevator cage tending to cause it to descend, the greater will be the grip of the stop blocks or wedging blocks on the elevator guides, and furthermore the stoppage of the elevator will not be unduly sudden because of the fact that the stop block must wedge into position and gradually bind upon the guide.

Vhile I have illustrated a form of my invention which I have found to be particularly effective in practical use, yet it will be obvious that the invention might be changed in many ways without departing from the spirit of the invention.

I claim The combination with an elevator cage, guides therefor and a cable operatively connected to the cage, of a rod suspended from said cable, a weight on said rod, levers piv- Voted adjacent one of their ends to theV cage and having their other ends overlapping and pivoted to each other for simultaneous movement beneath ythe rod, triangular casings carried by the cage on each side of theguides, triangular stop blocks slidably disposed in each casing, each block having a recess in the lower portion of one side, each of said casings havinga slot in one side adapted to communicate with the recess in the block, vertically disposed rods attached to the ends of said levers, the ends of each rod having a lateral extension adapted to laterally bridge the adjacent guides, the end portions of each extension being extended in right angular relation to said extension and adapted to extend through the slot offthe adjacent casing, for engagement with the stop block, whereby said blocks are moved upwardly by the end portions of said extensions within the recesses of the blocksY when .the weight is released.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afx my signature.

CALEB LIDDICOAT.

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