US1238051A - Refrigerating apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

1. M, PI-ZIERSON.A REFRIGERATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 3. ISIS.

" 1 Patenten@ 21,1917.-

mm A l n 17 I mi@ 1 A Irun an renin JOHN M. PETERSON, F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR 'I O GEORGE if. SA'YLER, 0F

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

REFRIGERATING MPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent. gbtmqggd Amigo @1L-9 119m yu Application led April 8, 1916. Serial No. lt-G.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, JOHN M. PETERSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Refrigerating Apparatus, of which the following is a full,

` clear, concise; and eXact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing@ forming a part of this specification.

y invention relates to refrigerating systems, and has for its object the provision of means to vprevent overloading the motive devices when starting under those conditions where the pressure throughout the system has been to an extent equalized by leakage during disuse of the system. i

To illustrate, it might be assumed that the low pressure side is operating under a pressure of :fifteen pounds per square inch, whereas the high pressure side is operating under one hundred and ft'y pounds per square inch when the compressor and system are in normal operation. If now the system should be shut down for a certain length of time then leakage will permit equalization of the unlike pressures, the tendency of course being to approach equality of pressure. If then the compressor is started, the intake'pressure is high and thus permits a reater amount of as to be taken :in-than 1s contemplated in t e design, and the compressor must compress this great amount'of gas and force it into the high pressure side. This tends to overload the motive devices and requires them to -oerform a duty greater than contemplated.

I have provided means which in addition to performing other functions prevent this overloading of the motive device. It is furthermore true that should the pressures of the high and low pressure sides have been equalized so that the pressures are the same, then Without my device it might require 'a considerable length of time, say fifteen minutes more or less, before the compressor would be able to establish a sucient dierence of pressure to get the system into nor? mal operation. i

I vwill explain one form of my invention capable of performing the functions above outlined in connection with the accompanying drawing, illustrating the same, in which- Figure l is a diagrammatic view of a refrigeratlng system, and

Flg. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a lvalve structure constructed in accordance with my invention.4

In the general view of F-ig. l, I show a compressor l which supplies ammonia gas or other refrigerant under pressure through the tube 2 to the condenser 3, the gas then passing through the liquid receiver 4 and from thence to the tube .and expansion valve 6 into the refrigerating chamber 7 having the ordinary expansion coils indicated at 8. The refrigerant iows away from the refrigerating chamber, through the tube or pipe 9 into the nipple 10 of my improved device 11. After passing through the device the refrigerant leaves through the nipple l2 by way of the pipe 13 back to the compressor.

It will be seen that my improved device 11 forms part of that portion of the system called the low pressure side. My improved device consists of a body portion 14 having the nipples l0 and l2 Aand having a hollow interior within which a suitable valve stem l5 is longitudinally movable. rIhis valve stem carries-at its upper extremity a'valve 16 and a guide portion 17. rIhe valve 16 c0- operates with the valve seat 18 to control the passageway between the nipples 10 and 12. 'Ihe valve stem has at its lower extremity an enlargement or head-19 adapted to act against a diaphragm 20. `'Ihe diaphragm is rigidly held within the diaphragm chamber between an enlarged flange 2l of the body portion lll and a flange 22 of a cap structure 23,'suitable bolts 24 holding the two iianges tightly together so as to make an airtight joint. The diaphragm 2O rests on top of a plunger 26 pressed upwardlyby the spring 27, the spring 27 being mounted inthe cap structure 23 in a manner so that its pressure may be adjusted by the cov'er 28, A cap 29 closes the entire structure to prevent tampering with the cover 28. The valve stem l5 is held against the diaphragm 20 by the spring 30, the spring 80 merely exerting suficient pressure to cause the said valve stem always to follow the movements of the diaphragm. The valve stem has a hol-Y -the ,bore 31. Tt will thus be seen that the bore 31 communicates with the passageway leading to the nipple 10 and also with the passageway leading to the nipple 12.y The spring 27 is so arranged that the normal pressure of the low pressure side of the system will not be sufficient to compress the spring and close the valve 16. Should the pressure of the low pressure side which enters through the nipple 10 be in excess of a certain predetermined amount, say thirty pounds, (if the. normal pressure be fifteen pounds) then this pressure is exerted against the diaphragm to press the plunger 26 downwardly, whereupon the valve stem and valve 16 due to the influence of the spring 30 close this valve.

Of course it is readily apparent that the u automatic spring action thus controls the size of the opening of the valve 16 and permits more or less gas to flow. through in accordance with the pressure of the low pressure side.

Assume now that the pressure of the low pressure side instead of being thirty pounds has reached an amount equal to a hundred pounds. Then it will be apparent that if there were no valves 16 that the cylinder of the comprsor 1 would be supplied with a very large amount of gas, thus overloading the motive device. With the interposition of my device however this increase in pressure thus entirelycloses the valve 16 and whenl the compressor begins to operate upon being started, then the total gas supplied to the compressor is by way of the ducts 33, -31 and 34. This throttling action of course controls the amount of refrigerant,

so that the required amount is furnished` which the compressor can conveniently accommodate. As soon as the operation of the compressor has reduced the pressure of the low pressure side to an extent where it no longer overcomes the action of the spring 27, then the valve 16 is opened to an extent to permit additional refrigerant to be supplied to the compressor. This action continues and the valve continues to open until such a time as the systemis operating normally with the valve 16 wide open.

1n order to` properly supply the pressure of the low pressure side to the diaphragm T have provided the slot 35 which at all times furnishes a counication between the diaphragm chamber and the low pressure side of the system.

From what has been thus described the nature of my invention will be readily apparent as will also its various modiications within the scope of the appended claims.

Having however thus described one form which my invention may take, what 1 claim ent is: I

. 1. Tn a refrigerating system the combination with a compressor for compressing refrigerant, means supplied by said com- I pressor wherein said refrigerant expands, and a valve responsive to the pressure in said means to control the charge taken by said compressor from said means.

2. A refrigerating system having a high pressure side and a low pressure side, a compressor for compressing refrigerant received from the low pressure side and supplying it at increased pressure to said high pressure side, and an automatic valve to at times control the amount of charge taken in by -said compressor.

3. A refrigerating system having a high pressure side and a low pressure side, a compressor for compressing refrigerant received from the low pressure side and supplying it at increased pressure to said high pressure side, and means to at times control the amount of charge taken in by said compressor.

4;. A refrigerating system having a high pressure side and a low pressure side, a compressor for compressing refrigerant received from the low pressure side and supplying it at increased pressure to said high pressure side, and an automatic valve responsive to the pressure of the refrigerant in said low pressure side to at times control yas new and desire to secure by Letters Pat-y f the amount of charge taken in by said comv pressor.

5. A refrigerating system having a high pressure side and a low pressure side, a compressor for compressing refrigerant received from lthe `low pressureside and supplying it at increased pressure to said high pressure side, and means responsive to the pressure of the refrigerant in said low pressure side to at times control the amount of charge taken'in by said compressor.

6. A refrigerating system having a high pressure side and a low pressure side, a compressor for compressing refrigerant received from the low pressure side and supplying it at increased pressure to said high pressure side, an automatic valve to at times control the amount of charge 'taken in by said compressor, and a diaphragm responsive to the pressure of the refrigerant lin said low pressure side to control said valve.

7 A refrigerating system having a high pressure side and a low pressure side,` a compressor for compress refrigerant relgessel ceived from the low pressure sid\l and supplying it at increased pressure to said high pressure side, an automatic valve to at times control the amount of charge taken in by said compressor, and a restricted passageway forming a` hy-pass z hout said valve.

S. refrigerating system having a high pressure side and a low pressure side7 a compressor for compressing refrigerant received from the low pressure side and supplying it at increased pressure to said high pressure side, an automatic valve to at times control the amount of chargev taken in hy said roinm'essor, a diaphragm responsive to the pressure of the refrigerant in said low pressure side to control said valve, and a restricted passageway forming a by-pass about said valve. i

f). In a refrigerating system the combination with a compressor for compressing refrigerant, means supplied by said compressor wherein said refrigerant expands, and control means responsive to the pressure in said means to control the charge taken by said compresser from said means.

l0. A refrigerating system having a high pressure side and a low pressure side, a compressor for compressing refrigerant received from the low pressure side and supplying it at increased pressure to said high pressure side, an automatic valve to at times control the amount of. charge taken in by said compressor, a diaphragm responsive to the pressure of Vthe refrigerant in said low pressure side to control said valve, a restricted passageway forming a ley-pass about said valve, and a stem l'or said valve, said stem having a duct for conducting fluid by way of said stem against said diaphragm.

In Witness whereof I hereunto subscribe my name this Zlth day of March, A. D.,

JOHN M. PETERSON. Witnesses:

MAX W. ZABEL, HAZEL A. JONES.

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