US1119384A - Motor-controller. - Google Patents

Description

P. H. *ZIMMEE.

MOTOR CONTROLLER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.16, 1910.

1,1 19,384, Patented Dec. 1,1914.

Was.

)m EauZHZ z'mmeh UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PAUL H. ZIMMER, 0F MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOB TO THE CUTLER-HAMMER MFG. CO., OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF WISCONSIN.

MOTOBrCONTROLLER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' I Patented Dec. 1, 1914.

Application filed February 16, 1910. Serial No. 544,223.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PAUL H. Znrzsrnn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Milwaukee. in the county of Milwaukee and State of \Yisconsin, have invented new and useful Improvements in Motor-Controllers. of which the following is a full, clear, concise. and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing. forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in motor controllers.

More particularly, my invention relates to devices in which a single controlling element is employed to control a resistance in the motor circuit, and also to control the direction of operation of the motor. In devices of this kind, as heretofore constructed, it has been necessary to provide the controlling element with numerous insulated contacts in order to prevent short-circuits.

It is one of the objects of my invention to reduce the number of contacts on the controlling element and particularly the number of insulated cont acts thereon.

A further object of my invention is to provide an automatic main switch under the control of the resistance varying element for making and breaking the motor circuit and for cooperating with said element to control the direction of the flow of current through the motor.

A still further object of my invention is to provide means for maintaining the main switch open until the resistance element is returned to a predetermined position. should said main switch be deenergized while said element is in any other position.

My invention has various other objects and advantages which will be hereinafter set forth.

For the purpose of morefully disclosing the nature and characteristic features of my invention, I shall describe the controller which is diagrammatically illustrated in the accompanying drawing. Of course, it should be understood that my invention is susceptible of various modifications.

The controller illustrated includes a movable element 1 preferably'fulcrumed on a pivot 2. The member 1 .may be provided with a suitable operating handle 3. Carried by the member 1 are contact brushes 4. 5 and 6, the first two of which are electri- 5 cally connected with said member, while the latter is suitably insulated therefrom. In a central position of the member 1, the brush 4: is adapted to engage a contact segment 7. disposed between two series of contacts 5 and 9. over whiclrthe brush t is adapted to sweep when the member 1 is'moved in opposite directions from the central position. The brush 5 is adapted to be moved into engagement with either contact segment 10 or contact segment 11. said segments being so arranged that when the member 1 is in central position, the brush 5 will be disposed between the same and out of engagement therewith. One end of the brush 6 is in continual engagement with a contact segment 12, while the other end thereof is adapted to engage either contact segment 13 or contact segment 1i. said last mentioned segments being so disposed that when the member 1 is in central position. the upper end of'said brush 6 will be disposed between the same and out of engagement therewith. For a purpose hereinafter set forth I prefer to divide each of the segments 13 and 11 into two parts and to electrically connect said parts through a resistance 15.

In addition to the device described. the

controller illustrated also includes a main switch 16, which. in practice. may be of any preferred type. As illustrated. this switch comprises a pivoted member 17. providedat its end. with two contact brushes 18 and 19. The brush 19 is adapted to engage with contact 20,.while the brush 18 is adapted to engage with contact 21. The contacts '20 and 21 are spaced a sufiicient distance apart to permit the switch member 17 to be moved into such a position that its contact brushes will be out of engagement with both of said contacts. 'For operating the switch member 17. I have shown a pair of electromagnetic windings 2'2 and 23. which are diagrammatically illustrated as provided with a common core 24 having a pivotal connection with the member 17. From such. an .arrangement it will be seen that when the magnet 22 is energized. the switch member 17 will be moved to the right. therebv causing its contact brush 19 to engage the con tact 20: whereas. when the winding 23 is As will be hereinafter set forth. the contact' 6 of the movable element 1 cotiperates with contact segments 13 and 14 to control the circuits of the windings 22 and 23 of .the switch 16. while the brush cotiperates forth the circuit con'nections therefor.

'with the contact-segments 10 and 11 and with the switch 17 to reverse the flow of current through the motor armature. The contact brush 4 cooperates with the contact buttons 8 and 9 to control a starting or regulating resistance 27. connected in series with the motor armature.

I shall now describe the operation of the controller. at the same time clearly setting Assuming that current is supplied from main lines 28 and 29, and that the switch arm 17 and resistant'e Varying element 1 are in the position illustrated, no current will flow through the motor. The motor may be started by moving the arm 1 in either direction according to the direction in which it is desired to cause the motor to operate. Assuming that the arm 1 is moved to the right, circuit will first be closed from main line 28 by conductor 30 to contact segment 12, through contact 6 of the arm 1, to contact segment -l t. by conductor 31. through the operating winding 22, by conductor 32 to main line 29. Thereupon the winding 22 responds, moving the'switch arm 17 to the right until the contact brush 19 thereof engages contact 20. This results in closing the motor'circuit'uhich may be traced as follow'szfrom main line28, by conductor 33, through the resistance 27. contact brush 4 and arm 1, to contact brush 4 and contact segment 11,- by conductor 34, through the motor armature, by conductor 35, through switch arm 17 to the main line 29. As illustrated, the shunt 'field winding F is permanently connected in circuit. its circuit being traced from main line 28. by conductor 33, through? the resistance 27. to contact segment 7 and thence through the arm 1 by- Conductor 36, through said field winding.

' by conductor 37 to main line 29. Hence. as

soon as the armature circuit is closed in the manner described. the motor will commence to operate but with all of the resistance 27 inserted in circuit therewith.

While I have shown the field winding permanently connected in circuit. it should:-

,ment isto prevent operation of the switch arm 17 to close the motor circuit unless the resistance arm 1 is in a position toinclude resistance in the armature circuit for the protection of the motor. ll'ith such an arrangement I am enabled to use one or more normal y closed push buttons 38 connected in circuitwith the winding 22 by means of which said winding may be deenergized at any time irrespective of the position of the resistance varying element 1 without danger of the motor being restarted while unprotected. Of course. as soon as the winding 22 is deenergized the spring 2-t returns the switch arm to open position. thereby opening the-motor circuit.

To stop the motor by operation of the resistance arm 1. it isonlr necessary to return s ment 11, thereby insaid arm to initial position which results in reinserting the resistance 21'. then denergizing the winding 22. whereupon the switch arm 17 is moved by the spring 26 to open the motor circuit. In practiced preferably so arrange the contact segment 14: that it will be disengaged by the arm 1 before said arm disengages the contact segment 11. T his insures the breaking as well as the making of the motor circuit by the switch arm 17, thereby eliminating the danger of arcing on the" rheostat panel. To cause the motor to operate in the opposite direction. it is merely necessary to move the arm 1 to the left. Upon initial movement of the arm 1 in this direction, circuit is closed from main line 28. by conductor 30 to contact segment 12, across contact brush 6 of the arm 1. to contact segment 13, by conductor 39. through the winding 23. by conductor 40 to main line 29. The winding 23 thereupon responds. moving the switch arm 17 to the left until the contactabrush 18 engages contact 21. This results in completing the motor circuit from main line 28, by conductor 33, through the resistance 27, to the first of the series of contacts 8, through arm '1 to contact segment 10, by conductor 11, through the motor armature, by conductor 42, through the switch arm 17 to main line 29.

\Vith the circuit connections just described, it will be noted that current is sent ithrough the motor armature in an opposite direction'to that previously described. The

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.U I. I I b c119; swisc how of current through the. field winding, howev remains the same; and, conse cnently; the motor will operate in an opposite direction to that previously described. Further movement of the arm 1 to the left gradually removes the resistance 27 from circuit, thereby accelerating the motor. Such continued movement oi thearm 1 to the causes the insertion of the resistance 1-5 in circuit with the winding The pur pose oi this resistance is the same as that of the resistance connected to contacs segment The push'hutton 38 is included in tl e of Winding 23 as well as in the ciro-it winding 22, and, consequently, may operated to stop the motor regardless of the direction in which it is operating. The

*rangement of contact segments 10 and 15 is preferably the same as the arrangement of the contact segments 11 and 1% to insure and bro oi the motor circuit With the ement described, it Will seen that the switch arm 17 capable of connecting either terminal of the motor armature to main line 29, while the resistance i is capable of connecting either terminal of the motor armature to main line 28. Thus both-arms cooperate to control the directionof how of current throu h the motor 3 armature, and, consequently, obviates the necessity of using double pole switches or a plurality of insulated contacts to accomplish reversal of the motor,

Having thus lescribed my invention, 1 claim as new and desire to secure by Le"ters Patent is:

l. in a motor controller in combination,

a rheostat and electrc-responsive means coniointly and dependently controlling the direction of operation of the motor, the movable element of said rlieostat controlling said electrore'sponsiye means, and the posi-- tion o't said element determining the direction of operation of the motor and means preventing operation of said electroresponsive means except when said rheostat is in a position to protect'the motor.

2. in a motor controller in combination, a rheostat and electroresponsive means conjointly and dependently controlling the direction of operation of the motor, the movable element of said rlieostat controlling said e-lectroresponsive means, and the position of said element determining the direction of operation of the motor, said clectroresponsive means being controlled by said rheostat to finally make and first break the motor circuit.

3. In a motor controller, in combination, a resistance varying element, electroresponsiye means for making and breaking the motor circuit, said means having a plurality of operating windings controlled by said resistance varying element, said element being operable in opposite directions;toacause the motor to operate in opposite directions, and means for preventing response of said electroresponsive means except when said resistance controlling'element is in a position to protect the motor.

i. in a motor controller in combination. a resistance controlling element, electroresponsive means for making and breaking the motor circuit. said means having a plurality of operating windings separately controlled by said resistance varying element.' said resistance varying element and said means conjointly and dependently controlling the direction of operation of the motor, and circuit connections whereby the resistance controlling element need only be provided with one insulated contact.

5. In a motor controller. in combination, electroresponsive means for connecting either terminal of the motor armature to one of the supply lines. and a resistance varying element adapted-to connect either terminal of the motor armature to the other supply lines and for controlling the energizing circuits of said electroresponsive means to cause" the motor to operate in either direction.

- a'1z1ng circuits of said electroresponsive means to cause the motor to operate in either direction. said electroresponsive means being adapted to make and break the motor circuit for starting and stopping.

7. In a motor controller. in combination, a resistance controlling element. electroresponsive means controlled therebyv for making and breaking the motor circuit and arranged to cooperate therewith to control the direction or operating the motor. and means necessitating movement of said element to a predetermined position prior to energizing said electroresponsive means.

in a motor controller. in combination, a res stance controlling element. electror'esponsive means controlled thereby for making and l'neaking the motor circuit and arranged to cooperate therewith to control the direction or" operating the motor, means nocessitating movement of said element to a predetermined position prior to energizing said elcctrorcsponsive means. and a switch adapted to be operated to deGnergize said electroresponsive means to stop the motor irrespective of the position of said resistance cont-rolling element.

9. In a motor'controller, in combination, a resistance, a controlling element movable in opposite directions from a central,posimeans insuring the inclusion of said resistance in the motor circuit priorto closure f of said switch. J

10. In a motor controller, in combination, a resistance, a controlling element movable in opposite directions froma central position to remove said resistance from circuit, an electroresponsive switch biased to a cen- 20. tral position and movable in either direction therefrom to close the motor circuit,

said switch being controlled by said element and adapted to move in one direction or the other in' accordance with the movement of said element, said switch and said element being each adapted to connect one side of the supply circuit to either terminal of the motor armature.

11. In a motor controller in combination,

' a main switch movable to different positions I to connect one side of the supply circuit to either terminal of the motor, a pair of operating windings therefor, and a rheostat comprising two sets of contacts and a controlling element movable in opposite directions front an intermediate position toen- Qgage said sets of contacts, each set of contacts comprising a series of'resistance con- .tacts and two segments, said element having a contact insulated therefrom to coopwitnesses. I

erate with one segment of each set to control the-windings of said switch and electrically connected contacts cooperating with the resistance contacts and the remaining segment-of each set to connect either terminal of the motor to one side of the supply circuit. v

12. In a motor controller in combination,

a main switch movable .to different positions 5 to connect one side of the supply circuit to either terminal of the motor, a pair of operating windings therefor. and a rheostat comprising two sets ofcontacts and a controlling element movable in opposite directions from an intermediate position ;,.t o engage said sets of contacts eachs'et'of'i'contacts comprising aseriesof resistance contacts and two segments, said element having a contact insulated therefrom to cooperate .with one segment of each setto control the windings of said switch and electrically connected contacts cooperating with the resistance vcontacts of each set and the remaining segment to connect either terminal of the motor 'to one side of the supply circuit, the winding controlling segments of saidv rheostat beingformed in sections and resistancesinterposed between said section-to render said windings ineffective to close said main switch after said element has moved beyond certain limits. i p

In witness-whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my' name in the presence of two I l AUL H; ZIMMER.

Witnesses:

FRANK H. HUBBARD, E. W. Wussow.

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