US1113533A - Carbureter. - Google Patents

Description

R. L. BARRETT.

GARBURETBR.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 19, 1911.

Patented Oct. 13, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

. A ll ,2 9

-R. L. BARRETT.

GARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 19, 1911'. 1

1,1 1 3,533. Patented 001:. 13, 1914.

3 SHEETSSHEBT 3.

fill lmproven'ients in, Carbureters of which f; citizen of the Unitedvstatesgresid gee mic-ago, :in the county of; Cook 'andaState of ;l ll i n ois, ha Ye; infiented certain new-wand -;use- T v the followingis a-sp' ec ificati on.-

"Myinv'entionrelates-$0 carburete rs and 1 rs p'articularly althongh'not exclusively,

Milo ca bnreters such as are usedn l altboin'o-g- =i h is"finely elii'ided fnel -,is perfectly mixed; :w th "the air introduced into the carbureter; :I;n tl'ns way, it is possible to operate? the enbiles, .n1otor boats, anclthe like.

It i's "one Of; the oblQCts of n'iy 1 intention r tov so eonstr uctgth e nozzle. andparts assQ- ei a te l. therewith that a, vevy perfect jatoxnizingof the. hydro-carbonfneL efi'ectedaand ginc at. a low {speed anrl jon acco unt -.of-the perfect nnxun'e which is ObttllllfidfiYQn w th Ia slight vacuumin the engine,-itheg latter the.

senta preterrecl.en'lbodiinent of my iinproyemaybe ,very easily started and. excessive crankingfwhichis often necessary when carat present in use are; I I

.. l.slee\'e22- and theouter surface ofthe plug bnreters, of the-types emplo'ed, may beavoided. I I

l j IA nrthfli.object of my inv ent io1 1 .-is to provide means by which the amount.of liq- ..uid fuel admitted to the mixing chamber is .a 1itoinatic allj increased the throttle is opened.

.A itm'thernlobject of. my invention isto entirely separate the :adinission. of auxiliary an, from that ,of the primary an -wh1ch -pixssesthrongh the nozzle, 1

thin will be 'ni o fe apparent b 1 eference vto com anymg draw ngs ,wh ch I r epretwo main castings, made of brass olf jo'ther These and I ther;advantages -ofmyinvem I a -i1 2 a a io .i .w the valyesteni' isjdepres e so fiha i hfi 9 float chainber- 'belng 1 same igo'f Marissa. 'fP t td 0a. 13, "1914. "1 .3% 2? l. -I n lileq l 'uly 19 Serial 11o. 639,339. l

snn lanmetal, namely, the lower casting 10 and the upper casting 11. As shown in Figs. 7

and- 2; the lower casting .10 isprovided 13 is fastened the top 15 by means of the screws 16. The casting 10 is tapped in line h mber l4.- .To the upper end of the tube fiaHgctlslee e-QQ, suitablepacking 23 being inserted between the cap ,nut 21 andthe slee \te. 22 and-also between the latter and the annular projectionQt oithe casting 10, I a

,.1 7,- is formed the Iannnlar space 28 in which placed the circulaii strainer screen 29,, the lower edge of this screen engaging the upper ed e-of the cap nut21 ancl the upper edge ofthescreen engag ng the annular. pro; j ection 20 of the plug, 1 7. I Between t-he, an- -nulai' space 28 'andthcchamber withln the-plug '17 are the apert reswhich allow passage ,of gasolcne flowing nto the annu'; lar space 28 from the p1p'e'26 to the chainher 18,4 V t thro'u'gh". the lag, 31 ;o the top, 15 and also tl l rough'i he passage 1 l of 'thej 'plug 'll iIsjth el-valvestem 32 which the e n-I large-(l beveled end 33, ,As, clea,1':1y shown in .diani ete-r than the Qvahfe stein order to allow wthef passage f gasolenelv f rom the Stpfthe float chamber 15 i when F ig. -:2, ,thepassagex 19 is somewhat large1-. ina I eled end 331s removed from its lseat at the 'lowenendofthe passage 19, Frce1 'mov- I able onithe :ifalve stem 32 is.. the oat 34; which in its .lm'verniostposition supported an the upper end of. the lag 17. j The. valve stem 32 is'projvidedwiti a series of'apen.

lures 35 byfmeans of whichthe collar :56 nn y bejplaeed inhjlesired position. ItWlll be erident that asgasolene entersfihe'fioat chamber 114,-.the ,float 34 will. be (moved pipin contact with the an 36; The vane stem itself win then be carried upwardly until the end 33 of; the valve-stem 321s seated on the lower end of the passage 19 whereby the further admission of gasolene is revented. The co-llar 36 is adjusted on t e stem 32 so that the desired level of gasolene may beobt'a-ined in the float chamber before the admission of further gasolene is cut off.

Comniunicating with the bottom of "the float chamber 14 is the passage 37 through the casting 10, this passage turning in an upward direction and passing through the nozzle receiving member 38 which is prefer-I ably integral with "the castinglO. Into the upper end of the member "38 is screwed the nozzle 39. The construction of this nozzle is most clearly shown in Figs. 5 and 6. The

passage 37 continues upwardlythrou h the central part ofthenozzle which cons sts of .an upper portion 40 and alower portion 41.

The lower portion 41 has the threaded lug 42 which is screwed into the end of the, member 38, as just explained, and also has the flangedportion 43 at the outer edge of which is theangulargroove 44. The -upper surface of the lower portion 41 is pro vided with the annular rib 45 in which are the grooves or ports 46. I Passing vertically- 'through the flanged portion 43 is aplura lity of air passages 47 these air passages preferably being-of the same number as the ports 46 in the rib 45 and located .on radii of the nozzle which pass intermediate between the grooves 46. The object of this construction will be explained hereafter.

The upper portion 40 of the nozzle 39 has a substantially vertical periphery 48 with the operation of t a the downward extending flange 49 which fits 40 direction and registering with the passages 47 of the lower portion 41. A

Integral with he lower casting 1O is'the flange 52 which receives the casing 53 of the mixing chamber 54,' this casing bein cylindrical and preferably of glass in or er'th'at e carbureter may, be

clearl seen.

Inside of the flange 52 is the annular upward extension 55 in which is a plurality of apertures 56. Also integral-with the casting 10 .is' the U-shaped downward extension 5 comprising the outer wall 58 and the inner "wall 59 the'r'eby'forming the annular chamher 60. The outer wall 58 is provided with a plurality of apertures 61 which thus afi'ord communication between the chamber and the outer atmosphere. To the lower edge of the downward extension 57 is attached the sleeve 62 by means of'the screws 63. This sleeve 62 isprovided with the inwardly extending bearing collar 64, the, object of wvhich will be explained hereafter. The

lower edge of the. sleeve 62 isthreaded for the reception of the adjusting cap; 65; This cap has a knurled edge 66 by means of which the cap may be readily rotated. This cap-is held in. its adjusted position by means ofthe spring actuated locking pins 67 which engage suitable vertical corrugations in the sleeve 62.' The lower surface of'the cap 65 isv provided with the openings 68 through which airmareadilypass. Attached to the cap 65 is't eirod 69 having'on'its upper end theplate orpin 70 which isengaged by-the' upper end of the conical coilcd' sprmg 71, the-lower edge of which engages the horizontal portion of the angularflange 72 attached to the lower end ofthe valve sleeve 73.- As clearly shown in Fig. 2, the valve sleeve 73 engages the collar 64' of the sleeve 62 and the upper edge of the innerwall 59 of the U-shaped downward extension57 -and on its inner surface engages thejo'uter surface 48 of the upper portion 40 of the no'zzle39 and is thus guided in its vertical movement which will presently be'explained. v

"Suitably attached to the valve sleeve 73 is the valve member 74 which operateson the inner-surface of the-upward extension 55, the lower edge of thevalve member being adapted to become seated in the angular groove 75. By this construction, it will be apparent that the valve member 74 must be lifted slightly before air can pass from the annular space: 60 through the apertures 56 into the. mixing chamber- 54.

The upper casting 11. is provided with a flange 76 to receive the upper edge of thecasing 53 of the mixing chamber and is attached to the lower casting 10 by means of the rods 7 7 which pass from thelugs' 78 to I the lugs .79, these .ro'ds "being" secured in position by means ofthe nuts 80 and 81. Rigidly attached to the inside of the casting 11 is the throttle"sleeve '82 having therein' the apertures 83. Between this sleeve "and the outside. of thecasting' 11 is formed" the annular'chamber 84.. Rota-table within the throttle sleeve 82 v is the .throttle 85 having apertures 86 which a're 'adapted Y to be brought-into; register with the aper-' tures 83 of the throttle sleeve 82. This throttle is-also provided with-atop 87 hav- -ing an upwardly extending lug -Passing downwardly f,l 1;1O1 lgh' a suitable aperture .in the IugfSS-a'nd fitting loosely therein is" the needle valve 'stem'89 which passes "into the aperture 90 of the upper portion 40 of-thenozzle 39, this aperture'90being of slightly largerdiameter than 'thepassage nozzle.

37 through the lower portion 39 of the When the valve stein-89 is in its lowermost position its beveled end 91 is adapted to seat on the upper end of passage 37 in flange 96.

' of-thepin lOlis the cam 102, the opposite end of which-is carried by the lowervend of the adjusting screw 103, which is best shown in Fig. 7. This screw 103 has threaded engagement with the bracket 104: mounted on the compensator platform '95. This adjusting screw 103 is provided on its shank with the longitudinal grooves 105 engaged by the spring controlled locking 1 pin 106 which serves to hold the adjusting. screw in any position in which it may be placed.

Clamped to the upper end of the valve stem.89 is the compensator member 10.7 pro- 'vided with'the slot 108 (shown in Fig. 3)

and secured in position by means of the screw 109. This compensator memberfhas the flanged 'end 110 under which the com-' pensatorplatformjs rotated by. means of the lever 92. The'opposite end of the compensato'r member 107 is provided with the recess 111 containing the spring 112 which incloses the screw 113. the upper end of this spring engaging the head ofathe screw 113-and thelower end engaging the bottom of the recess 111. The screw 113 has'thread- "ed engagement'witha suitable aperture 114 in the upper casting 11 while the compensator member 107 is vertically movable with I respect to the said screw. In this wayv the compensator member 1071 and the valve stem.89 attached thereto maybe moved upwardly against the tension of spring 112 but are prevented from rotation.

,The'adjusting screw 115 held in adjusted position by the spring controlled locking pin 116 passes through the compensator member 10'; and is adapted to engage, on itslower end, the cam 102.

Connected with the annular space 84 outside of the throttle sleeve 82 is the passage 117 which is adapted to connect with a suitable passage leading to the engine in the well known manner.

Having thus described the construction of the various parts which constitute the embodiment of my invention hercini set forth, theoperation'of the same may now be readily understood: Gasolene flows through vthe inlet pipe 26 into the annular chamber 28'and thence through the strainer screen 29, through the aperture 30 into the chamber 18-. From this chamber gasolene flows'through'thepassage '19 into the float chamber 14 until the float 34 has been raised a sufiicient distance so that the beveled end.

should be maintained preferably slightly below the slit 51 which separates the upper portion $0 from the lower portion 41 of the nozzle 39. If it is desired to prime the carbureter before startingthe engine, this may readily be accomplished by manually -depressing thevalve stem 32 thereby causing thegasolene to rise 1n the float chamber ].-t

and the passage 37 so that the same will flow downwardly over; the member 38 and the spring 71. I find, however, that in practice my carburcter works so 'efiiciently that it is generally unnecessary to perform-any priming.

' When the carburetor is'used for the first time and it is desired to adjust the compensator mechanism, the lever 92 is moved to the right, according to the showing of Fig.- 3, until the abutment screw 99 comes in contact with the end 110 of the compensator member 107. The abutment screw 99 is then adjusted so that the minimum desired.

opening of the throttle is obtained. The

adjusting screw 115 is now turned in order to obtain the desired adjustment of the.

needle valve 89 with respect to the nozzle 39. This adjustment being secured, screw 103 is next adjusted so that .the desired sloping position of the cam 102 is obtained. The correct adjustment may readily be effected by moving the lever 92 to the left} until the abutment screw engages the end of the compensator member 107, hereby the valve stem 89 is lifted and the screw 103 is then adjusted to move cam 102 to give the desired position of valve stem 89 for the maximum opening of the throttle .85. The degree to which this throttle may be'opened may,'.0f course, be regulated by a suitable adjustment of the In order to readily mount the carburetor in any style of motor car, the lever 92 may be attached to the lug 88 in any desired position as, for example, that indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 3 in which case the lever would be moved to the'right in order to open the throttle instead of to the left-"as would be the case if. the lever occupies the position shown in full lines.

Having attained the desired adjustment 'of the compensator and throttle; the latter is opened to the desired extent and the engine abutment screw 35 is caused by thus opening the throttle causes the pressure of the atmosphere within the is cranked. The suction thereby resulting in the engine causes the air to pass through the opening 68 of the cap 65 through the space contained within the valve sleeve 73.

This air then continues upwardly passing through the comparatively small openings 4:7 of the lower portion 41 of the nozzle 39 and its velocity is thereby greatly increased;

In passing through openings 47 and the registering openings 51 of the upper portion- 40, the suction thereby created causes the gasolene to be drawn from the passage 37 into the slit-51 and thence through the small ports 46 of the annular-rib 45. The gaselene is thereby finely atomized and follows the course indicated by arrows in Fig. 6, alarge portion 'of the gasolene being thrown outwardly against the flange 49 and a portiontermediate position, but for the sake of clear- ,ness the openings 86 and 83 are shownas exactly registering with each other.

When the throttle is opened, beyond a" certain extent, the air passin 'through-apertures 4:7 and 51 is not suihcient togive the desired mixture, the compensator having raised the valve stem 89 to an extent corresponding to that to which the throttle has been opened. The increased suction which annular chamber 60 to raise the valve member 74 and the valve sleeve 73 against the tension of the spring 71, in-this way allow ing air to flow through the openings 56 into the lower part of the mixing chamber 54;. It will be apparent that on account of the mechanical construction of the spring .71 the tension on said spring increases only slightly as the same is compressed,- thereby readilyallowing the valve member-74 to be lifted to the desired extent and "causing a ready and free admission of air. I prefer to use the substantially round apertures 56 for the admission of auxiliary airin order that the air may flow throu h-a compare tively wide space, thus avoi ing the no se which results when air flows through a narrow slit. The auxiliary air which is thus admitted by the opening of the valve mem- I ber 74 eifectually prevents the condensation of gasol'ene in the lower part of the mixiug (aha label-mud as this airpasses upwardly" it is gradually drawn toward the central" axis of the mixing chamber and mixes with the mixture of primary air and gasolenc, which has been introduced through the ap-- The regulation 'of the admission of auxil iary air may readily be effected by a proper adjustment of the ca- ,-65,- thus'regulating the tension of the spring 71.

It will be clear to those skilled in the art that many 'changes could be made in the detailed construction of the various parts which I have describedwithout' departing fromthe spirit or'scope of my invention- W'hat I claim is: v

1. In a carbureter, the combination of a casing having a mixing chamber therein, and a nozzle communicating with said chamber, said nozzlehaving a. liquid fuel inlet passage and an outlet slit extending radially therefrom and a plurality of air passages intersecting said slit, whereby the fuel and the air Will be intimately mixed, substantially as described,

2.-In a carbureter, the combination of a casing having a mixing chambertherein, a nozzle" communicatlng .with SiL-ld' chamber,

said ,nozzle having a liquid fuel inlet passageand an outlet slit extending radially therefrom, a plurality of air passages intersecting said slit, and means between said fuel inlet passage and said air passages forfinely dividing said fuel, whereby when the latter comes in contact with the air an intimate mixture will be obtained, substantially aS' described.

. 3.In acarbureter,-the combination of a casing having a mixing chamber therein, a nozzle communicating with'said chamber, said nozzle having a liquid fuel inlet passage and an outlet .slit extending radially therefrom, aplurality of air passages intersecting said slit, and an apertured rib in said slit betweensaid fuel inlet-passa e and said air passages, whereby the-fuelwill be finely divided and an intimate mixture will be obtained between the. fuel'and the air flowing -througi said air passages,substantially as described. y

ice

'4. ln a carburetor, the combination of a casing having amixing chamber therein, a nozzle .communlcating w th 'sa d chamber, sa d nozzle having a 'hquld' fuel inlet. passage and'an outlet slit extending radially .therefrdm toward but not reaching the periphery of said nozzle, and a plurality of air passages extending through said nozzle and intersecting said slit, substantially as described. w 5. In a carbureter, the combination of a casing-having a inixing'chamber therein, 'a nozzle communicating with said chamber,

said nozzle-having a'liquidfuel inlet pas sage and an'outlct slit extending-from said inlet toward but not reaching the periphery" of said nozzle, a pluralitypf air passages through said nozzle and intersectingsaid slit-and an 'apertured l ll) in said sht' between saId'air-passages and said inlet passageythe apertui'es=of--said rib being'radially located" between-said air passages, whereby a por tures of said rib will be deflected to the outer a edge of said slit before mixing with the air flowing through said. passages, substantially as described.

6. In a carbureter, the combination -of a casing having a mixing chamber therein, said chamber having a plurality of inlet apertures in its lower portion, a nozzle communicating with said mixing chamber, means for supply liquid fuel to said nozzle, a needle valve for regulating the admission of fuel to said nozzle, a throttle in said mixing chamber, means for actuating said throttle, means for moving said needle valve synchronously with said throttle, a valve normally closing the inlet apertures to said mixing chamber, a valve sleeve attached to said valve and engaging said nozzle, the interior of said sleeve communicating with the atmosphere and supplying air to said nozzle and spring means cooperating with said sleeve and controlling said valve and adapted to allow the actuation of said valve on the opening of said throttle beyond a predetermined amount.

7. In a carbureter, the combination of a casing having a mixing chamber therein, a nozzle having an enlarged end portion, said nozzle provided with a vertically disposed fuel passage therethrough, a relatively thin slit vextending radially from said passage, and a lurality of air passages intersecting said slit, substantially as described.

8. In a carbureter, the combination of a casing. having a mixing chamber therein, a nozzle having an enlarged end portion and fuel and air passages therethrough, and a sleeve engaging the enlarged portion of said nozzle, the interior of said sleeve being in communication with the air passages through said nozzle, substantially as described.

9. In .a carburetor, the combination of a casing having a mixmgchamber therein, a nozzle'having an'enlarged end portion, said nozzle provided with a vertically disposed fuel passage therethrough, a relatively thin slit extending radially from said passage, and a plurality of air passages intersecting said. slit, a sleeve inclosing said nozzle and engaging its enlarged portion, the interior of said sleeve being in communication with said'air passages and the atmosphere, and

an auxiliary air inlet to said. mixing cham 'ber exterior to: said sleeve, substantially as described. f

10. In a carbureter, the combination of a casing having a mixing chamber therein, a nozzle having an-enlarged end portion, said nozzle provided with a vertically disposed fuel passage therethrough, a relatively thin slit extending .radially from said passage, and a plurality of air passages intersecting said slit, a sleeve inclosing said nozzle and engaging its enlarged portion, the interior of said sleeve being in communication with said air :passages and the atmosphere, an auxiliary air inlet to said mixing chamber exterior to said sleeve, and a valve for said auxiliary air inlet integral with said sleeve, substantially as described. 7

11. In a carburetor, a nozzle comprising a pair of members connected with each other, a fuel passage extending through said nozzle, the space between said members constituting .a radial slit in communication with said fuel passage, and a plurality of air passages extending through said nozzle and intersecting said slit, substantially as described.

RICHARD L. BARRETT.

Witnesses:

HENRY M. HUXLEY, L. E. HANNEN.

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