TWI363535B - Primary protocol stack having a secondary protocol stack entry point - Google Patents

Description

1363535 December 28, 100, revised replacement page IX, invention description: [Technical field of invention] The present invention relates to packet data communication, and more particularly to two data communication packets being executed at the end Compatible (c〇mmunicatively mindful) also the transfer of the agreed stacking layer. [Prior Art] Laptops, personal computers, video game consoles, personal digital mains, headsets, telephones, set-top boxes, servers, and many other types of end devices (endip〇im devices, EPD for short) can be communicatively connected to one The above packet switched data network. These packet switched data networks can operate according to protocols that are incompatible with the communication. Examples of packet-switched data networks include EDGE (Enhanced Data Rate GSM Evolution) networks, GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) networks, CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) networks, and IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers). 211 Internet, Bluetooth, Internet, Internet, intranet, satellite network, etc. A typical EPD with two communication interfaces can be used to operate according to two communication incompatible protocols. These two agreements follow a multi-tiered architecture. The 'first-communication interface' uses the first of the two protocols to exchange packet data with the second EPD over one or more packet-switched data networks; the second communication interface uses the two protocols The second agreement exchanges packet data with the :epd through one or more packet switched data networks. The EPD of the packet data that has been exchanged with the second EpD using the first communication interface can be responsive to the fourth communication interface without the first communication 5 1363535 December 28, pp. 28, the replacement page interface to exchange packet data with the second EPD. In this case, the EpD needs to re-establish a communication session that runs through all layers of the second protocol stack. The re-establishment of such a communication session exchanges a large amount of information between the layers of the second stack, which is time consuming. Comparing this issue with the secrets of the introduction, the other limitations and drawbacks of the prior art are obvious to the instructor. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a protocol stack that allows unrelated protocol stacks to communicate with its 'connected' thereby allowing a portion of the protocol stack (10) communication session to be partially unrelated within the protocol stack, as will be A description is given in conjunction with at least the drawings, and a more complete description is given in the _ request. The present invention relates to a device in which both the protocol heap and the unrelated protocol stack can be executed. According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an end device that is selectable and a first access point and a second said first agreement and a letter, said first access point using said first agreement to manage said L point use The second protocol is incompatible with the first communication device, and the end device includes: an application layer, a first protocol stack, and the first protocol stack includes at least a first "(4) a layer and a first physical layer, wherein the first physical layer uses the packet data communication by the first access point; the first protocol stack, and the second protocol stack includes at least a second intermediate layer 6 1363535 In addition to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The first inter-layer and the first, first communication path establish communication, the communication session has at least; parameters determined when the communication session is established; and processing circuitry, which should be communicated (4) Transmitting the at least one session parameter while passing the first Between ^ 4 provide a bridge between the second intermediate layer, said layer so that by the expected - between said access point shall establish a second communication path to reroute traffic. The help of the layering. Preferably, the change in the characteristic of (10) indicates that the second communication path is better than the first communication path. Preferably, the 'secret-intermediate layer includes a multi-finance layer, where

3 a plurality of layers - and the bridge is established between the Jth and the second intermediate layer. m Preferably, the thief has at least one session parameter including an encryption parameter. Description:: A re-establishment of a circuit implementation according to the aspect of the present invention provides a protocol stacking frame 7 1363535 for use in a device, having a replacement page with the first access year (four) day. And the connection layer and the first access point are connected to the packet switching network, and the protocol stacking structure comprises: “锜 application layer; a first intermediate stack structure of the path, the first protocol stack structure includes a first communication layer between the application layer and the first physical layer, and a second layer The protocol stack structure includes a second intermediate layer communicatively coupled to the first physical layer; - a first intermediate layer of the first protocol stack structure and a second layer of the second protocol structure: , the bridge bridges the second communication path between the application layer and the second physical layer through the inter-layer and the second intermediate layer; and = manager 'the bridge manager selects to enable The bridge is in the second communication described in the first communication channel Switching between paths. Preferably 'the bridge management changes significantly to enable the bridge. The performance of the first communication job should preferably use at least a face-to-face parameter (four) letter session through the said A pass # path is established to the application layer, and the second communication path is to be maintained. The session parameters are preferably at least one session parameter including an encryption parameter. 8 1363535 100 years 12 The modified replacement page on the 28th of the month preferably 'the at least one session parameter includes a login parameter. Preferably, the at least one session parameter comprises a single parameter (deletion parameter). Preferably, the at least one session parameter comprises Association parameter ° According to the _- aspect, the _ kind of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The first-agreement and the brother-in-law are inconsistent. The end equipment includes: Layer::4, the first, the first agreement, Gu Qing, the pick-up point, the age, the material use, and the object: Stacking, the second financial stack includes at least The second intermediate layer describes the second access: the second physical layer supports the use of the second protocol to communicate with the access point, and the finer bridge; the process; and the % 'arrival a first packet data stream of the second physical layer, the bridge manager responds to the communication characteristic, and further edits the second object 9 1363535, December 28, 100, revised replacement page g, enters (4) the second intermediate layer, The bridge and the first "layer' arrive at the second packet data flow of the first application layer. Preferably, preferably, the communication flow. The communication characteristic is a load factor of the first physical layer. The communication communication is an unacceptable configuration of the physical layer according to the present invention. The protocol stacking architecture in the device supporting the communication program, the device having the first communication interface circuit and the second a protocol interface, the protocol stack includes: an application layer including the communication application; a first physical layer including the first communication interface circuit; a plurality of first-intermediate layers, the plurality of The first intermediate layer is provided together Determining a first communication path between the application layer and the first physical layer, wherein the communication application generates at least one parameter by using the first communication path as part of the verification communication; Φ includes a second physical layer of the second communication interface circuit; at least one second intermediate layer connected to the second physical layer; (4) at least one second intermediate layer supporting the plurality of the first plurality of layers from the communication application At least one of the intermediate layers and the at least one second intermediate layer reach a second communication path of the second physical layer. Preferably, the plurality of first-intermediate layers, the first physical layer, and the application form a first agreement stack. "Preferably, the at least one is replaced by a modified version of the 8th day, the middle layer is a part of the second protocol stack. The second communication path (10) & stack has a bridge population point to Supporting the second communication path (10) to be vacant to support the above-described aspects, according to the present invention, providing a device implemented by a device having an n-line physical agreement stack=two wireless physical agreement stack layer The method includes: stacking layers by a domain, the method comprising:: the stacking intermediate layer stacking layer establishes a first data path between the communication application agreement stack layer and a line, the physical age stack layer Passing a portion of the first-data miscellaneous material recording _; seeing the second data path of the first part of the first data path group of the first data path, and the second data path The second data path from == co-expressing her, via the gambling said intermediate-intermediate agreement stack and the bridge between the second wireless physical agreement stack layer == layer, reaching the second wireless physical association , = the method also includes detecting to A significant change in a communication characteristic and establishing the second data path in response to the detecting. Preferably, the parameter comprises a session parameter. Secondly, the bridge has a plurality of entry points. ^63535 December of 100 Modifications of the Pages of the Invention The various advantages, aspects, and novel features of the present invention, as well as the details of the embodiments illustrated therein, will be described in detail in the detailed description and the accompanying drawings. EPD) 15 153 and 155 and a schematic block diagram of the access point (Ap) 1 123 125 and 127 through the network 1 〇 1. wherein each of the end devices 15 153 and 155 are provided with a second A first contract stack of entry points (entryp0lnt) of the protocol stack. The end device supports communication with an access point using the first protocol and supports communication with another access point using the second protocol. 153 and 155 may be notebooks, video game consoles, food feeders, personal computers, telephones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), etc. The first AP 121 and the second AP 123 are communicatively coupled to the terrestrial cellular network 1〇5. Code Type, the terrestrial cellular network 105 is a CDMA, HSDAP, GSM, EDGE, GPRS network, etc. The third AP 125 is connected to the wireless data network 107 in addition to being communicatively coupled to the satellite data network 1〇9. The wireless data network 1〇7 can be a WiFi network, a WiMax network, a Bluetooth network, etc. The fourth AP 127 is communicatively associated with the wired data network lu. For example, the wired data network 111 can be a PSTN network. , cable data network, optical, fiber data network. In EPD 151, 153 and 155, each EPD is used to exchange data with more than one AP m, 123, 125 and 127, each EPD supports its associated Data communication is carried out using APs of more than one data communication protocol. For example, the EPD 151 exchanges data with the first AP 121 using the first agreement 131, the third AP 125 using the second agreement 133, and the fourth AP 127 using the fourth agreement 137. If cellular network 105 is a CDMA network, then first protocol 131 is a CDMA protocol. 12 1363535 December 28, pp. 28 Amendment Replacement Page Similarly, 'Second Agreement 133 and Fourth Agreement 137 are protocols for AP 125 and 127 to communicate with wireless data network 107 and cable data network lu, respectively. The tribute includes instant and/or archived information such as video, audio, video games, TV shows, music shows, images, and any multimedia information. The AP is a transceiver that exchanges data with one or more associated downlink EPDs ((5), 153, and 155) and exchanges data with one or more upstream data networks (10), 1G7, 1 (8), and U1). The upstream data networks 105, 1〇7, 1〇9, and (1) are communicatively connected through the backbone network ι〇3. For example, the EPD is operated according to three agreements, #1st Agreement 131-, 2nd Agreement 133, and Fine Agreement 137. These three agreements can be incompatible with communications. These three sides are fixed. The communication application running on the first (5) (and any of the (5), 153, and (5)) is the top layer, which is the seventh layer of the scale, or Yinger. The communication application may be, for example, an HTTP __ program, a _ multimedia file download application, a _ and/or a sound lang program, a fine electric shop, a telephone call, and a video scale. The -EPD 151 _ is the lowest layer, that is, the stack of the second layer, or the physical layer (ρ Η γ layer). For example, a voice call is between the first PED 151 and the third EPD 155. The first EPD 151 uses the = agreement m to send the voice data to the first - ΑΡ 121 and receive the material from the first slave (2). The first-contract stack (6) refers to the _3ι_ architecture. ~ The telephone call is carried out at the 7th floor of the first - agreement stack 4161, the first foot (5) and the 13 1363535 first AP1? 1, the December 28, 100 amendments to the replacement page agreement stack (6): the first communication used Interface (not shown in the figure) Similarly, the second protocol stack 163 refers to the stacking of the second protocol 133, and the stacking structure of the fourth protocol (four) refers to the stacking structure of the fourth protocol (four). m to send the data to the fourth 郯 127 and from the fourth 4 _ stack _ refers to the fourth Γ 7 pile of butterflies. The first café 151 establishes the third 155 with the third Ϊ material path, through the first - Data path transmission = = path Jing-Xie she 61 Tao 1 === Tong L (not shown) (the first layer of the agreement heap _), the first - AP121 2 cellular network 105, backbone network, The wired data network Ub is all the layers of the fourth λρ (2), the third EPD 155, and the _(8). The first communication interface of the EPD 1M is transmitted (the command is not shown.: the voice data generated by the calling application is transmitted to I:: == EPD 151 decided to pass the second path to save through the first - data path = delete D155. Nen (10) 贞 two: - _ communication _ increase, the first APm In addition, higher: material rate requirements, second data path better than first data path support, unacceptable delay on the first-lean path, etc. For example, the second data path is obtained 14 1363535 December 100 The 28th revision replacement page passes through all layers of the third AP 125, the wireless data network 1〇7, the backbone network 1〇3, the wired data network 151, the fourth AP 127, the third EPD 155, and the protocol stack 181. In one embodiment, the first EpD 151 is directed by the other nodes of the communication network 1 〇1 to transmit the voice material using the second data path.

The first-EPD 151 is communicatively coupled to the third AP 125 via a second communication interface (not shown). The second communication interface is a second protocol stack 163 (four) i layer or physical layer. The first coffee (5) uses the second agreement 133 and the third place 125 to enter a letter. Before the voice data is generated by the second communication interface (not shown) of the first coffee (5), the voice data is generated by the voice call of the first coffee 151, and the voice data is to be performed according to the second protocol. encryption. The second data path is replaced by the second data path instead of transmitting the voice data through the first data path = the voice call session through the first protocol stack 161, and independently, all layers of the first age stack 163 Voice call session.

167 ^ ^ "Bridge" a帛 - The corresponding layer of the agreement stack 163 is established between a non-limiting example of the first-agreement, the bridging management module (6) layer 2 to the second co-a-axis 161 The fourth layer is connected to the third layer of the third layer. The bridging management module 167 5 is controlled by the operation of the f-association, (6) (four) 7 layer, by the 料 仃 仃 仃 仃 穿过 穿过 穿过 穿过 第 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰 曰丄The second agreement stack 163 on December 28, (10), the replacement page, the second communication interface _ "layer, the first coffee (5) U surface, that is, the first surface of the second protocol stack 163, the voice data is transferred to the The third (four) is finally connected from the third: = 155. In this way, the fifth arrives at the third sixth layer, the fifth sound knows that the seventh layer of the stack 161, the 曰 and the fourth layer, and the bridge, the _ layer , the third layer, the second heart, the younger brother - the fourth stack of the stack (6), the backbone network 1〇3\1 layer and the second 25, the wireless #料网络_路103, the wired data network 151, The fourth (four) 7, the third coffee and all layers of the agreement stack (8). When the mode feed path is switched to the second data path, the number of bridges is bridged. Μ, the data path to the second data transmission at least one session reference 》, 4 at least the age of the record is the encryption key, the number of ages, parameters, associated parameters, etc. In a implementation, the second agreement stack 163 layer 5, the first 6th layer and 7th: that is, the layer above the second protocol stack 163嶋(4) is not aware of the bridging. The bridging transfer between the 4th layer of the first protocol stack (6) and the 4th layer of the second protocol stack 163 The second protocol stack (6) rides the layer to reconstruct the voice call session. The fourth layer of the first-stacking agreement (6) and the fourth layer of the second protocol stack 163, that is, the participating layers pass the first-co-recording stack 161 The layers and the layers of the second protocol stack = exchange the keys and/or parameters required to transfer the data, wherein the first agreement stack 161 follows m31 and the second protocol stack (6) follows the second agreement 133. The first age (3) and the second agreement 133 may be a communication incompatible I363535 modified replacement page on December 28, 2010. In another embodiment, the bridge forms the first layer of the first protocol stack (6), ie, the session. The layer is between the layer 5 of the first-agreement stack 163 (ie, the session layer). The bridge management module 167 is used for any layer of the second, third, *, and $ layers of the first protocol stack 161: A bridge is established between corresponding layers of the stack 163. In another embodiment, the bridge management module 167 places the bridge Informing the second agreement stack 163

The participating layers (layers communicatively connected to the corresponding layers of the first-contract heap #(6)) are each layer. In another embodiment, the -EPD 151 uses all of the layers of the first agreement stack i6i and the second agreement to rotate the (8) towel and participate in the layer. In other words, the UPD 151th __ agreement stack (6) rides the layer and the two-two agreement stack 163 partial layer, that is, the second protocol sub-stack. The bridge management module is capable of supporting half-duplex and/or full-duplex # material exchange via the established bridge. Alternatively, the bridging management module 167 - directs voice data to be transmitted via the bridge, i.e., the second data path 'and receives data from the third coffee 155 via the first data path. In some embodiments, the 'Bridge Management Module 167 is capable of directing the transmission of voice material over the first data path and transmitting commands and/or assistance materials over the second data path. For example, the 'bridged switch group 167 directs voice data (i.e., data generated by the communication application running on layer 7 of the first protocol stack 161) through the first EPD (5) (five) first communication interface (not shown) At the same time, the command data for the third EPD 155 is guided to pass through the second communication interface (not shown). For example, the first layer and the second layer of the 2nd layer and the second layer of the interface (the heart-to-the-half bridge) are replaced between the 3rd layer of the first group and the second layer. The first layer of the voice data transmission protocol stack 161 or all layers of the physical layer stack (6) are transmitted through the first pass of the first-EPD: - the second protocol stack ===151 The second communication interface (the picture is sent to the third AP125d brother 1st layer or the physical layer will command the information Lu, 7, 6, 5, then the 'private order data will pass the 2nd layer of the first-contract stack (6). 曰, bridge, The third layer of the second agreement stack 163 and the first plurality of layers, each layer of the first-collection stack (6) and each layer of == 63 include a layer manager. For example, with the first-collection and (6) The layer manager corresponding to the layer 5 of the first protocol stack 161 determines whether to enable the layer 5 of the 'co-column stack 161' after the 5th core of the second protocol stack (6). Attempts to establish a bridge with layer 5 of the second protocol stack 163. The first and second layer 5 can be jointly selected to enable the bridge between them. And, outside, the -EPD m also supports the fourth Agreement m, executing the third protocol stack ^ = all layers and/or partial layers. In addition, the bridging management module 167 supports the first, co-pile (6) Bridging between corresponding layers of the third protocol stack 165. In general, the corresponding layers of the two protocol stacks that are bridged are the first protocol stack (6) and the sixth layer of the third protocol stack 165, The 5th, 4th, and 3rd, December 28th, 100th revised replacement page layer.

Figure 2 is a schematic block diagram of an end device shown in Figure 1. The end device 201 is configured to support a half-duplex bridge between the stack and the second protocol stack, the first protocol stack supporting a primary radio 227, the second protocol stack and supporting the first radio The device (嶋ndary radio) 28b--a stack includes seven layers 'ie, the first application 203, the first presentation layer 205, the first-session layer 207, the first transmission layer 209, the first network layer 2n, the first A data link layer 213, a first object s 227, a first material link layer 213 includes a first logical link control layer 215 and a media; a access control layer 217. The first radio 227 is the sigma of the first physical layer 227. The first radio 227 and the first physical layer 227 refer to the same entity. The first coherent stack includes the second session layer 26 and the second transport layer (6). The second network layer 265, the second logical link control layer 267, and the second medium access control layer Qin second radio 281 are part of a second physical layer of the second protocol stack.

The session layer bridge 241 connects the first session layer 2 〇 7 and the second session layer 261 unidirectionally in a unidirectional manner, that is, the first session layer of the first protocol stack and the first session of the second protocol stack A half-duplex communication key is established between the layers. Similarly, the transmission layer bridge 243 establishes a half-duplex communication path between the first transmission layer 2〇9 and the second transmission layer 263. The network layer bridge 245 and the logical link control (llc) acoustic bridge 247 respectively communicatively couple the network layer and the llc layer of the first-collection stack with the network layer and the LLC layer of the second protocol stack. If the first-contract stack should be in a wireless protocol, such as WiFi, WiMax, Bluetooth, CDMA, (D), GpRs, edge, 19 1363535, December 28, 100, revised replacement page WCDMA, etc. 'then-radio 22? is a wireless radio Device. If the first-protocol stack corresponds to a wireline protocol, such as an electrical data protocol, a fiber optic data protocol, etc. then the first-radio device 227 is a wired radio. Similarly, the second radio 281 may be wired or wireless depending on the type of the second protocol. In the case of a real customs towel, the -agreement and the second agreement are incompatible with each other. The EPD 201 is communicatively coupled to the plurality 201 by a packet parent backbone network having a first radio 227 and a second radio 281, enabling the first protocol and the third protocol to simultaneously exchange data with two different EpDs. package. Ερ〇2〇1 selects to use the first radio skirt 227 to transmit the data packet generated by the pass k application running on the first sand D 2〇1, and likewise, the first radio device 227 is selected to receive the communication. The package required by the application. The radio splits π and thus the 疋-radio. In certain circumstances, for example, in the case of sending auxiliary information, command material, test data, etc. to the backbone network and/or other brains, the load on the first radio 227 exceeds a certain threshold, the first radio device When the 227 is stopped (go d_), and the packet generated by the application is transmitted when the path of the first radio device 227 cannot support the required quality of service, the EPD 201 performs packet data communication using the second radio 281. . In the bridge bridging module, each bridging management module corresponds to one of the layer bridges 24, M3, 245 and 247. The plurality of bridge management modules independently and/or cooperatively determine whether to enable the bridge between the two communication connection floors of the first-agreement stack and the second protocol stack, and if it is decided to enable, the layer bridge 1363535 is determined to be enabled. Which of the layer bridges 241, 243, 245, and 247 is replaced on December 28, 1QQ. Only one of the layer bridges 24:1, 243, 245, and 247 can be used at the specified time. Each = interface module collects information from the layer directly below it and makes a decision to enable bridging based on the collected information. For example, the bridge management module corresponding to the session layer bridge 241 collects information from the first we layer 217 and the first-radio device 227, and decides to enable the session layer bridge 241 based on the collected information. The collected information generally includes the load on the first radio 229, the queue length corresponding to the packet waiting to be transmitted on the first radio 227, the quality of the communication path to which the first radio 227 is connected, and the like. In an embodiment, the bridge management module corresponding to the session layer bridge 241 is only communicatively coupled to the first session layer 207. In this case, the bridge management module corresponding to the session layer bridge 241 collects information through the first transport layer 2, 9, the first network layer 2, and the - LLC layer 215. After the session layer bridge 241 is formed, the bridge management module corresponding to the session layer bridge 241 notifies the remaining plurality of bridge management modules of the decision and then bootstraps by the communication application, ie, the first protocol stack. The packet generated by the first application layer is transmitted through the session layer bridge 24 such that the packet passes down the first presentation layer 2〇5 and the first session layer 2〇7 to the session layer bridge 241. Starting from the session layer bridge 241, the data packet is transmitted downward through the second session layer 26, the second transport layer 263, the second network layer tear, the second coffee layer 267, and the second MAC layer 269, and finally reaches the second radio. Device 281. The second radio 281 sends the data packet to the target node. The bridging management module corresponding to the session layer bridge ensures the session parameters corresponding to the use of the first turn: = 曰 fix _ communication session, and the pre-acquisition parameters, associated parameters, etc. in progress 227. : _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ = Layers in the stack below the second session layer 261. Once the session is enabled _ please - the first session and the second session layer exchange session communication between them, such as login information, etc. The second session layer 261 needs The session information is used to support the partial-communication communication of the part that is stacked by the second protocol. The bridge layer can make the EPD2G1 not need to decorate all the layers involved in the second protocol stack. Reestablishing the communication session is usually time-consuming. The bridge management module corresponding to the session layer bridge Mi may choose not to notify the packet data communication via the session layer bridge 241 to the layers above the second session layer 261 of the second protocol stack. The coffee 201 may choose not to execute. Layers above the second session layer 261 in the EPD circuit. Under this condition, 'as long as the EPD 201 decides to use the second radio 281 for packet data communication, the second protocol stack (ie, sub-stack) does not include the application layer, Bridge Any one of 241, 243, 245, and 247 will be enabled. Similarly, if the transport layer bridge 243 is enabled, the first transport layer 2 〇 9 and the second transport layer 263 exchange transmissions between them. Layer information, such as TCP-related parameters, 22 TCP (four) length, etc. (10) December 28, revised replacement page as multiple and bridged management modules == layer bridge, used to determine and control the first protocol stack And the second protocol stacking module, the bridge of =. In another implementation, the single bridge management module: /= bridge management module controls the first data stream size =, and / or more Maintained, the stem-becaco's machine path

= from the enabled bridge from the first communication application 2. 3 to == = the first data flow path to transmit - part of the data package, the second data = the remaining - part of the data package. The above situation usually occurs when the traffic between the first wireless money storage device 281 is split to balance the load arriving at the backbone network (not shown) via the first radio 'no device 281' .

Figure 3 is a schematic block diagram of an end device shown in Figure 1. The end device 3.1 supports a full duplex bridge between the first protocol stack 371 and the second protocol stack, wherein the first protocol stack 371 supports the first radio 315 and the second protocol stack 381 supports the second radio 34 Buqing 3〇1 is used to simultaneously support packet data communication via the first electrical device 315 and the second radio device 341. In other words, the 'EPD 301 supports the first protocol and the second protocol to simultaneously perform packet data communication with any two nodes, such as access points, routers, bridges, another EPD, and the like. 23 丄 363535 ^ December 28, 100 Amendment Replacement Page Both the First Agreement and the Second Agreement support a seven-tier protocol stacking architecture. Since EpD 3〇1 supports the communication application running on listening 301 by default using the first protocol, the first protocol stack 371 is referred to as the master protocol stack. If the first radio set 315 associated with the first-stack stack 371 enters a "sleep state" and/or an inactive state and/or the EPD 301 decides not to use the first radio 315 under some circumstances, the coffee set 315 will The second protocol is used to support the communication application. If the second communication application is running on the EPD 301, then the EPD 3 〇 1 corpse can use the second protocol to support the second communication application. By way of example, a communication application such as an Internet phone operates on EpD 3(1)

^ As explained above, EPD 3〇1 uses the first agreement to support Internet telephony applications. The first-stack stack 371 includes seven layers, namely, a seventh layer, a sixth layer 305, a fifth layer 307, a fourth layer 309, a third layer 311, a second layer 313, and a first layer 315. The seventh layer 303 is an Internet telephony application, and the first layer 315 is the first radio device. The EPD 30i directs the data generated by the Internet telephony application and/or sent to the Internet telephony application through all layers of the first protocol stack 371 (3〇5, 307, 309, 31, 313, and 315). These layers 305, 307, 309, 311, 313, and 315 encode or decode the packet material as it passes through the layers. The first-collection stack 37i supports full-duplex packet data communication via the first radio 315. For example, but not limited to, the EPD is communicatively coupled to another coffee device on which an internet telephony application is being routed through the first path. In this example, the first path includes a first radio or a first 24 physical circuit 315. On December 28th, 2010, the replacement page 341_, ,, ', 疋 is connected to another coffee via the second radio or the second physical power. Via the second wireless set = second path. When the second path provides a delay of more than the first path, a higher data rate, less interference, higher security, etc., it is generally recommended that the EPD 3.1 switch the communication from the first path to the second. Path: When the load of the path exceeds the predetermined limit, D3〇:: Holds an Internet phone call with another_. :: = Internet telephony session of the second protocol stack (4). The establishment of a complete session of the 7 layers of this 1 stack 381 is time consuming. 301

a EPD 301 does not re-establish a complete session through the second protocol stack 38, and continues to operate the telephony application on the application layer or the seventh of the first-protocol stack 371. The coffee maker 301 establishes a bridge 351 between the third layer of the first protocol stack 371 and the fourth layer 335 of the second protocol stack 381, that is, communicatively connects the first stack 371 and the second stack 381 4th floor. The coffee 3〇1 then establishes a full duplex path through the bridge 3S1. The full-duplex path includes a sixth layer 305, a fifth layer 307, a fourth layer 3〇9, a bridge 351, and a fourth layer 355, a third layer of the second protocol stack 381 of the first protocol stack 371. 337, the second layer 汹 and the first layer 341. The first layer of the second protocol stack 381 is the second radio unit 341. Packets generated by the Internet utility program are transmitted over the full dual X path. The data packet received by the EPD 301 through the second radio 341 and the data packet sent to the replacement page shoulder phone application 3〇3 of the December 25, 100, pp. 28, 1365, 535, transmitted to the Internet application through the established full-duplex path The program is 3〇3. The data packets transmitted between the Internet telephony application 3.1 and the second radio 303 over the established full duplex path are encoded according to the first protocol and the second protocol. Layers 7, 6, 5, and 4 of the first protocol stack 371 are encoded/decoded in accordance with the first protocol. Layers 4, 3, and 2 of the second protocol stack are ordered to encode/decode in accordance with the second protocol. After the EpD establishes a full duplex path through the bridge (5), the fourth layer of the first protocol stack 371 exchanges information with the fourth layer 355 of the second protocol stack. The information typically includes encryption and/or decryption information and parameters corresponding to the first protocol stack 3?1 and the second protocol stack tearing transport layer, layer 4, and the like. This information is necessary to support the data flow through the established full-duplex path. '

The 'reading' EPD 301 continues to operate the Internet Telephony application on layer 7 303 of the first protocol stack 371 while connecting to another coffee via the second radio 341, i.e., the second path. EPD3〇1 can choose to have Layers 2, 6, and 7 of the second protocol stack as unaware of the establishment of bridges between Layer 4 and not knowing subsequent communication applications (such as 'Internet Telephony Applications') and The data stream between the two radios 341 lightly establishes a full duplex path through the bridge 35!. In another embodiment, the EPD 301 selects to transmit the butterfly receiving and the all-layers of the first-collector tree 371 through the first radio device 315, that is, the replacement of the page by the 26th ij63535 l〇0 year] The data packet corresponding to the phone application 303 is selected, and the command material corresponding to the Internet telephony application is selected and/or received through the full duplex path currently established via the bridge. The EPD 301 can be used to establish a bridge between the first protocol stack 371 and any two layers other than the seventh and first layers of the second age stack. The first agreement and the second agreement may be incompatible with the communication. In this example, both the first agreement and the second agreement are packet-switched data agreements. In another embodiment, the first agreement and the second agreement may be combined with a combination of mosquitoes and money. Figure 4 is a schematic block diagram of an end device shown in Figure 1. The end device 401 supports full duplex bridging between the first protocol stack 49, the second protocol sub-stack 495, and the third protocol sub-stack 493, wherein the first protocol stack 490 supports the first physical circuit 415' second The protocol sub-stack 495 supports a second physical layer circuit 437 that supports the third physical layer circuit 457. The 〇4〇1 includes a first physical layer circuit 415, a second physical layer circuit 437, and a third physical layer circuit μ?. These physical layer circuits are secretly transmitting data or transceivers or radios that receive data from nodes such as access points, bridges, EpD, and the like. The first physical layer circuit 415 operates in accordance with the first protocol. The second physical layer circuit 437 and the third physical layer circuit 457 support the second protocol and the third protocol, respectively. The communication application runs on EpD 4(1). EpD 4〇ι communicates with the :EPD (not shown), which runs another communication application. As an exemplary and non-limiting example, the notebook computer 'communication application is a web application, and the second is a web feed. 27 1363535 December 28, 100 revised replacement. A coffee network with three physical layers can establish up to three communication paths to the second. These three communication paths are referred to as a first path, a second path, and a third path, which are respectively operated by the first physical layer circuit 415 and the second physical layer circuit milk layer circuit 457. A = 4 (Π _ _ _ _ agreement stack includes 7 layers of the architecture. Qing · implementation of the second agreement sub-stack 495 and the third agreement 493, that is, (four) 4 〇 1 do not need to implement all of the second agreement 7 Layers and all: 7 layers of the agreement, but only the 4 layers of the * of the second agreement, ie the 1st layer, the 2nd layer, the 1st layer, the 3rd layer and the 4th layer. Any communication application The program runs on layer 7 of the protocol stack. If he performs all seven layers of the first protocol stack in his circuit, he can only run one communication each time. However, the coffee 4Q1 is red (four) The physical layer circuits 415, 437, and 457 can support the three paths to the second epd. Because the EPD 4G1 defaults to the "Mosquito _" to establish any general application, folding and machine rotation. As an example, (4) - (4) Adding and pasting application. The data generated by the web application 403 and/or the web access program 4〇3 passes through all 7 layers of the first protocol stack. , 405, 407, 409, 411, /Μ.,

One and 15, and arrive at the second EPD (not shown) through the first path. The coffee 401 periodically measures and/or collects information on the first path, the second path, and the third path related to delay, communication load, supported data rate, etc. 28 1363535 December 28, revised correction page information. The EPD 4〇1 also collects status information corresponding to the first, second, and third physical layer circuits 415, 437, and 457. For example, and without limitation, sometimes the EPD 401 decides to switch communications from the first path to the third path based on the collected information. The EPD 40 establishes a full duplex bridge between the fourth layer 490 of the first-stack stack 490 and the fourth layer 451 of the third protocol stack 493 after deciding to switch the communication from the first path to the third path. The transfer of data between the EPD 401 post-boot web page _ application 曰 (the 7th layer of the first-stack stack) and the third physical circuit 457 (the first layer of the third protocol sub-stack) passes through the first protocol stack 49〇 The sixth layer 4〇5, the fifth layer 407 and the fourth layer 409, the bridge 475, the fourth layer 451 of the third protocol sub-stack 493, the third layer 453, and the second layer 455. Thereafter, the web browsing application 403 running on the coffee server 403 continues to exchange data with the second EPD (not shown) through the third physical circuit 457 or the third path. The data is encoded according to the first agreement as it passes through layers 7, 6, 5 and 4 of the first protocol stack 490; when the data passes through layers 4, 3, 2 and 1 of the third protocol sub-stack 493, Coding according to the third agreement. In another embodiment, the EPD 401 establishes a full between the third layer 411 of the first protocol stack 490 and the third layer 453 of the third protocol stack 493 after deciding to switch the communication from the first path to the third path. Duplex bridge 477. The EPD 401 then directs the data path between the web browsing application 403 (layer 7 of the first protocol stack) and the third object circuit 457 (layer 1 of the second protocol sub-stack) through the first 29 1363535 (10), November 28 The sixth layer, the fifth layer 407, the fourth layer 409, and the third layer 411 of the replacement w protocol stack 490, the bridge 477, the third layer 453 of the third protocol sub-stack 493, and the second layer loose are modified. Sometimes, 401 decides which of the bridges 475 and 477 to enable. This decision by EPD depends on the information that EpD collects from the three physical layer circuits and the three paths. EPD 401 only enables - bridges between the two protocol stacks at a time. When necessary, the EPD 401 can interrupt the bridge 475 and enable the flip 477. The tearing is also used to establish a bridge between the first protocol stack and the fourth layer and the third layer of the second protocol sub-stack to pass through the second path support network and the page browsing application 403 and the second EPD Data communication between. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the end device 503 interacting with the backbone network 551 through the first path and the second path. The end device 503 has a bridge management module 517. The bridge management module 517 manages the bridging between the layer of the first-protocol stack 519 and the layer of the second protocol stack 521 to facilitate switching through the second path of the data communication session of the first path without re-establishing the Communication session. The EpD5〇3 can be a phone, laptop, PDA, PC, video game console, server, or any user device. The backbone network is communicatively coupled to a plurality of EPDs (not shown). Therefore, EpD 5〇3 can exchange packets with a plurality of EPDs through the backbone network 551. The EpD 5〇3 includes a first pass #interface 505 through which the EPD 503 is communicatively coupled to the downstream communication interface 533 of the first AP 531 via the first communication interface 5〇5. The first communication interface 5〇5 operates in accordance with the first agreement in accordance with the first protocol stacking architecture 519. The first Ap53i is also communicatively coupled to the first packet switched data network (ps_DN) through its upstream communication interface 535. 30 i^W535 541 〇pc c December 28, revised correction page, coffee and backbone network 551 Interaction. Kaliu therefore ~ the first - interface 5 〇 5 and use the first agreement with the backbone network 55 7 to buy the second remuneration in the chest coffee (four)) =_1-_541_ dry_. A portion of the first path running between the ‘month _ follows the first agreement. Similarly, ... tears to the second leg of the plurality of coffees (the second path that is not shown in the figure passes through the first AP 571, the second PS_DN 561, and the backbone network 551. The operation is in the coffee $(10) and the backbone network 551 A part of the second path follows the second agreement. The first-contract stack 519 includes 7 layers, wherein the communication application such as video tour, Internet phone, web browsing application, telephone call, file download application=style, video The stream or the like runs on layer 7 of the first protocol stack 519. The layer 1 or physical layer of the second protocol i 519 is the first communication interface milk. Similarly, the t-stack stack 521 comprises 7 layers, wherein The communication application runs on layer 7 of the second protocol stack: 521. The layer or physical layer of the second protocol stack 521 is the second communication interface 509. For example, the 'video« application runs on the EPD 503' as long as the video The game continues, and the gallbladder moves through the backbone network to interact with the second coffee in the coffee. In this implementation, the second EPD can be the game server, and the #session refers to the EPD 503. And the: between EPD (not shown in the picture) The game session. (4) 503 interacts through the first path and the second U-EPD 'that is, the game server. This video game session requires full duplex communication between the EPD 503 and the game server (not shown). Ppn 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 Ding Ren sends the first to the first: =) to the first, - the agreement:: Γ 'transfers from the 7th to the 1st layer in the packets (4) The difference between the first agreement stack 519 The layer is encapsulated according to the first protocol. Similarly, the first communication path through the first path to the first communication interface = = over-sealing I and / or knitting mother (four) material package also follows the first agreement. These encapsulated and/or data packets, i.e., video game applications, are decoded and/or decrypted by different layers of the first co-op stack 519 as they pass through the i-th layer to the seventh layer. Sometimes, EPD 503 decides to use the second path instead of using the first path to exchange packets with the game server. For example, if the first communication interface milk enters the "rest, the communication load on the path exceeds the maximum limit, the second path supports a higher data scale in the heart time, and the second path provides a higher level than the first path. QoS, etc. ' EPD 503 is prompted to make this decision. Because the part of the second path running between EpD 5〇3 and the monthly network 551 follows the second agreement, so the member is stacked in the first agreement. The video game session is reconstructed in 521. Before the data packet generated by the video game μ program 5丨5 is sent outside the second communication interface $(8), the second mosquito pair information packet is required to be encoded and/or encrypted. The bridge management module 517 in 503 establishes a bridge between the corresponding layers of the first protocol stack 519 on the 28th of the first month of the U.S. The established bridge is used by the video game application: ==, _ 515 峨 (4), for example, the fourth layer of the meditation diode 519 and the fourth layer of the second protocol stack 521 are established through the first agreement Stacking 519 video game sessions without re-== Stacking 521 video game sessions. Conversely, Tongqing to 〉, a session parameter is transmitted from the first agreement stack 5! 9 to the second enchantment less—Sakisaki encryption, login, ^ number, W butterfly. The first-aged object frequency game she (four) ancestral squatting step by step 517 of the fourth layer. Next to Η 9 mail 7, 6, (four), arrived at the fourth layer of the second connector from the first agreement stack 519 second association - association The fourth layer of the stack 2 521. Next, the packet passes down the third, second and first layers and is then sent outside the second factory 5〇9. #包包Encapsulating and/or encrypting the data package of the above-mentioned respective contractors 519 of the first-agreement stack 519. When the data packet is fed to the above layers of the stack 521, the second mosquito pair is also The data is generated by the video game application, and in this example, the second protocol stack 521 has an entry point for the first-stack stack 519 on the fourth layer. In the coffee 5〇3 from the 33rd

丄JUJJJJ When a path is switched to the second path 5: On December 28th, the replacement page 521 is modified so that the service 503 does not need to re-establish the video game session through the second protocol stack 503. In this example, as long as the in-use: one-time exchange, the first communication interface 5 is still not in the middle, the first agreement stack 521 to the first association $& 匕 on the fourth floor has a second population point Has a third entry point on its third level.

Similarly, the bridge management module 517 directs the poor packets arriving at the second communication " face 509 through the second path up through the second, second, third, and fourth portions of the second protocol stack 521.

The received bedding feed is passed through the established bridge through the fourth layer of the first contract stack. The received packet then goes up through the 4th and 6th layers of the first-stack stack 5Γ9, to the 7th layer, ie the video game application. In this embodiment, the 'first-contract stack 519 has the entry point of the second protocol stack 521 on its (four) 4th layer, even if the second path is used in the EpD 5〇3 without using the first path to match the game servo When the device (not shown) communicates, it does not have to go through the Futurization stack 521 _ there are layers to re-establish the video game session. In another embodiment, the first agreement stack 519 leaves a plurality of population points for the second protocol stack 521 'eg, on its fourth level, the first population point has a second population on its third level Point, with a third entry point on its second level. In one embodiment, the bridge management module 517 determines to maintain interaction with the game server while passing the first path and the second path. The bridging management module 517 guides the video game application still generated and/or through the first path through the first communication interface 5G5 and the first layer 34 of the first protocol stack 519, 1363535, and the modified replacement page on December 28, 2008. Transfer of data to the video game application 5=. In addition, the bridge management module 517 guides the command packets generated by the video game application 515 periodically and/or accidentally over the first path and is sent to the video game application by the game feeder (not shown). The program still transfers the command packet. These command packets are directed to pass through some of the layers of the first-stack stack 5丨9, the established bridges, and some layers of the second protocol stack 521. By establishing a layer of bridged '_ age stacks, they become interconnected with each other, that is, layer 4 of the first protocol stack 519 and layer 4 of the second protocol stack 521 support the passage of the two The sub-material communication of the stator stack 4. For example, if the 4th layer on both sides participate in the connection 'then' they can exchange the information corresponding to the Tcp agreement; if the 3 layers on both sides participate in the connection, then they can exchange the information corresponding to the positive agreement; if the 5th layer on both sides Join the connection, then they can submit information and so on. In another embodiment, the first protocol and the second protocol are not known to communicate. The First and Second Agreements can be sighed by any kind of grouping and cross-border communication protocol. Figure 6 is a schematic block diagram of a plurality of elements of the end device. The end device _ supports a plurality of data communication age stacks, wherein each layer of the first-collection stack independently manages the bridging with the corresponding layer of the second protocol stack. Coffee _ This computer, PC, PDA, server, video game ° .m ~ good 戥 I, including the display 661 port user input interface 671. The user wheeling interface 671 is usually a plurality of buttons, touchpad, mouse, joystick, thumb wheel, touch screen, stylus, voice-based interface 35 _ 】 The first line uplink interface 643 and the second wireless uplink interface 647 communicatively connect the second, second, and fourth ports. The EPD 600 is capable of simultaneously communicating data with four different protocols using four different communication protocols. Of the four protocols, the two are _ set and the other two are wireless. Coffee _ Execution of four non-agreement stacks, each of the financial stacking blame makes Lin said four non-fixed-_f material communication. This _ agreement stacks the first - agreement stack, the agreement stack 625, the second agreement stack 641 and the fourth agreement stack. In the four solid stacks 61, 625, 641, and 645, each stack includes 7 layers. The communication application runs on the uppermost layer of each stack of agreements in the protocol stack 61 625, 641 and the secret, that is, the application layer or the seventh layer. The communication interface, that is, the blood-powered device, was born as the lowest layer of each of the protocol stacks 6, 625, 641, and 645, which is the physical layer or the second layer. The first wireless uplink interface 643 is the ith layer of the second protocol stack 625, and the first wireless uplink interface 643 is the third protocol stack (4). The first layer 'the second wireless uplink interface 647 is the first layer of the fourth protocol stack. ★ The layer stacks 6 to 2 of each of the agreement stacks in the agreement stacks 625, 641, and 645 have associated layer managers. The layer 7 of the application runs and the layer 1 of the physical layer does not participate in the bridging between the protocol stacks. The layer 6 manager 614 determines whether the layer 6 of the first protocol stack 611 is to be with the sixth layer of the second protocol stack 625, or the sixth layer of the third protocol stack 641, or the fourth protocol stack 645, 36 1363535 100 On the 28th of December, the sixth layer of the replacement page is modified to form a bridge. In another embodiment, the layer 6 manager 614 of the first protocol stack 611 and the layer 6 manager of the second protocol stack milk must jointly determine whether the second layer of the first protocol stack 611 should be called the second layer. Agreement layer 625 of layer 625. A bridge is established between 627. The decision whether to enable the bridge depends on the information collected on the i-th layer and the second layer of the protocol stack 4 involved in the layer management. As an exemplary and non-limiting example, the first protocol stack 6th layer 6 manager 6M and the second protocol stack 625 layer 6 manager (10) from the first protocol stack 611 layer 2 and layer 2 And the second agreement stacks milk on the [layer and layer 2 to collect information. The ith layer of the first protocol stack 611 must be communicatively connected to the first 通过 through the first path. The second agreement stacks the must-have layer of milk through the second (four) letter to the second place. The received information generally includes the load on the first path and the second path, the interference level, the current data transmission rate, the maximum supported data feed and the first-tree field interface (2), and the second wired uplink interface 637. 1 and so on. Based on the collected information, the layer 6 management_ and the layer 6 manager 628 collectively decide to transmit the packet previously transmitted to the first place through the first path to the second location through the second path. Subsequently, the layer 6 manager and the layer 6 manager 628 collectively enable the bridge between the sixth layer (1) of the first protocol stack 6 (1) to the sixth layer 627 of the protocol stack 625. Before the bridge is enabled, the data generated by the communication _6G7 (4) and/or the data sent to the communication application is transmitted through all the layers of the first protocol stack 611 and sent by the first wired upstream interface 623 and / Or receive. After the bridge is enabled, the 6th layer manager state 37 1363535 and the 6th layer manager 628 guide (10) the next day of December 10th, the replacement page feeds the domain between the shame 6〇7 and the milk package. The sixth layer 613 of the COMMs® 611, the defeated bridge, the sixth layer 627 of the second protocol stack 625, the fifth layer 629, the jin=631, the third layer 622, and the second layer 635. Previously passed the first right ^ ^ ^ μ a 623 with online interface 637 transmission. The first-wired uplink interface 623 is related to the first protocol stacking, and the second wired uplink interface 637 is the first: the association is 625. The packet does not have to pass through all of the layers of the second protocol stack 625, but only passes through some layers of the second protocol stack 625 and some layers of the first protocol stack 6 to arrive at the seventh layer of the first protocol stack 611. Communication library application. Reconstruction of the communication session still through the first-contract stack 61 through the second protocol stacking milk requires that information be transferred from the first contract stack 6 to the second protocol stack 625' resulting in a delay. The bridge between the two layers of the first protocol stack 6U and the second protocol stack milk mitigates the delay caused by the reconstruction of such communication sessions across all layers of the second protocol stack milk. Figure 7 is a flow diagram of a method of establishing a path through a second physical layer by enabling a bridge between two communication incompatible protocol stacks executing at the end device. In the two protocol stacks, the 'first-contract stack supports the first physical layer, and the second protocol stack supports the second physical layer. In the two protocol stacks, the first layer of each protocol stack is a physical layer, that is, the i-th layer of the first protocol stack is the first physical layer, and the first layer of the first protocol stack is the second physical layer. EPD chooses to use the first agreement of the two protocols to transmit and receive data packets. That is to say, the EPD defaults to the first agreement 38 UW535 aa ^ December 28, the revised replacement page ^ magic layer send and receive packets As shown in step _. This also prompted the first layer of the first agreement stack # to be the (four) silk layer. The bridging tube used in the 'EPD (end device) in the wedge, the second layer and the second layer of the two protocol stacks 4 of the EPD are recorded in the step 705. The collected information can generally inform the bridge of the delays associated with the first physical layer and the second physical layer, the communication load, the link, the sigh, the sigh state, the received information strength, and the like. In the next step 715, the management module determines whether to enable the bridge between the two protocol stacks. If the bridge module decides not to enable bridge 11, then the method returns to step 705. A non-limiting _ singer, bridging the team to collect information. If the bridging official module decides to enable bridging H, the method goes to step prevention. In step 725, the 'Bridge Management Module enables the bridge between the corresponding layers of the two protocol stacks, thereby establishing a communication path from the communication application running on the EPD to the second layer' without re-establishment It is expected that the second communication stacks the entire communication session. The bridging management module boots and just passes the first-consistency stack: the communication session lies at least the age-of-ask parameters, and is transmitted to the second protocol stack through the predecessor bridge. Maintaining the at least one session parameter allows the coffee party to terminate the communication session through all layers of the first-coupling stack, and then re-establish a communication session that completely passes through all layers of the second protocol stack. Enabling the bridge means that the two corresponding layer communication connections 'subsequent' the two layers agree to receive data from the other party. In step 725, the 'bridge management module' can choose between the two protocol stacks of the session layer, 39 U63535 12 December 28, 100, the replacement page between the two protocol stacks of the transport layer, and the two stacks. A bridge is established between the network layers or between the LLC layers of the two contract stacks. The bridging management module makes all decisions based on the information gathered in step 705. In one embodiment, the bar-connecting module may have no side to choose which layers should be warm-brided. For example, the circuit can be bridged only by the inter-matrix of the domain. In step 725, the bridging management module establishes a communication path. The path includes some higher layers above the Γ agreement stack bridge and some lower layers below the most intermediate bridge of the second protocol stack, ie, the path includes the first-collection stack: Application layer, fine, thin (four) wheel layer, (four): the distribution layer of the distribution layer, the network layer, the data link layer and the physical layer. Physical sound of the second protocol stack: physical layer (secondary physical layer). Therefore, in step 725, the management (4) is bridged and the communication layer is applied from the application layer of the first-age stack to the second physical layer. In step 735, the bridging management module directs the flow through the set of bridges through the established bridge. In one embodiment, the system is connected to the full-duplex data flow. The bridge management module monitors the == property on the second physical layer, ie, delay, _load, Q〇s, etc., to determine whether to continue to let the data blow through the second physical layer (four) letter path, such as step % Show. If at some point the 'bridge management module finds that the established path is not suitable for continuing, then the bridged government module will direct the packet to flow through the first physical layer, that is, all the layers that have passed through the first protocol stack, as in step 703. Show '100 100 years w correction replacement page 2 in the two devices of the end of the device, through the second physical layer to establish a road and between the method of enabling the bridge to manage the field W, the machine map, how much The lyrics enable and the official bridge support the first-physical layer, the first---the stack of the crystals ~ the second layer of the stack. The two agreements are stacked, and the Jth layer of the parent agreement stack is called the number of the object stack! The layer is the first egg Μ + Λ domain 第 第 协 协 协 协 F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F By default, the EPD sends and receives packets through Layer 1 of the first protocol stack, as shown in step 803. This causes the first layer of the first protocol stack to be the primary physical layer. The EPD chooses to run any application on the 7th layer, the application layer, of the first protocol stack. Before the first physical layer, i.e., the second layer of the first protocol stack, sends the data packets generated by the communication application, the service packets pass through all the layers of the first protocol stack as shown in step 803. Similarly, the coffee packets received through the first-physical layer and sent to the communication application pass through all layers of the first protocol stack to arrive at the application. In one embodiment, the two communication stacks are communication incompatible. For example, the first protocol stack follows the WiMax protocol and the second protocol stack follows the GPRS protocol. EPD uses multiple layer managers to determine, enable, and maintain bridging between two corresponding layers of two contract stacks. In the two agreement stacks, each protocol stack follows a 7-layer architecture. That is to say, each protocol stack includes an application layer, a presentation layer, a session layer, and a transport layer network. The conversation layer touches the layer. Material-contract heap

The layer corresponds to the second session layer management 1 and 11 and/or the transport layer of the conversation stack with the second fiscal stack and the lower rank of the first post (four) - the agreement heap - the session layer management = stack: ^ collect information, such as The lion is shown. The two physical layer related delays, the layer manager, the first physical layer and the first signal strength have a _ f link, the state, the received physical layer is _. From the first turn to the first - physical layer and the second message through the protocol stack. Arriving at the first session layer manager and/or the second session layer pipe β in the next step 815, the first session layer manager and/or the second session layer manager mosquito are between the two session layers of the protocol transfer Bridge. If 2 decides not to enable, then the method returns to the step. For example, the first session layer and/or the second session layer can collect information from the immediate lower layer. Steps 805 and 825 are performed by each of the plurality of layers managing the layer manager. Transmitting the information from the direct lower layer to the first transport layer manager corresponding to the transport layer of the first-collection stack and/or the second transport layer manager corresponding to the transport layer of the first protocol stack, that is, from the corresponding The network layer collects information to determine whether to enable the bridge between the transport layers of the two contract stacks. The Network Layer Manager and the LLC Layer Manager also perform similar steps. Only one bridge can be established at a time between two corresponding layers of two contract stacks. Therefore, the session layer manager, transport layer manager, network 42 1363535 the method continues to step 825, the layer manager (session layer manager, transport layer management state, network layer manager, and LLC layer management to t stack) The bridge number is enabled between the selected layers. ^^) The two protocol stacks L(10) are connected to the pirate server and the communication session pair _ at least one session parameter is transmitted to the second protocol stack through the enabled bridge. . The lesser session parameters allow the coffee to terminate the communication through all layers of the first stack, and then re-establish the communication session through all layers of the second protocol stack. The at least one session parameter is generally an encryption parameter, a login parameter, a billing parameter, an M parameter, and thus, the layer manager establishes a communication application running between the application layer of the first-contract stack to the second physical sound. Communication path. Bridging ride enable means connecting two selected layers (four). Then, the two layers agree to receive data from the other party. The decision whether to establish a bridge is made by the layer manager based on the information collected in step 8〇5. % In step 825, the bridging management module establishes a communication path. If the two layer stacking LLC layer managers establish a bridge between the lu: layers of the two contract stacks, then the path includes the application layer, the presentation layer, the session layer, the transport layer, and the _ agreement stack. Layer and LLC layer, Lint Treasure (4) LLC layer, Teng C layer and physical genus. Thus, in step 825, the path from the communication application to the first physical layer is established without re-establishing a communication session that traverses all of the layers of the second protocol stack. In this embodiment, 'in step 835, the participating layer manager, the coffee layer, 43 1363535, December 28, 100, fixes the data path flow through the first physical layer before the replacement page manager boots the passed through the established communication path. Transfer. In one embodiment, the established communication path supports a half-duplex data flow; in another embodiment, the established communication path supports a full-duplex data flow. The LLC monitors the communication characteristics on the second physical layer, ie, delay, pass-through load, Q〇s, etc., to determine whether to continue to allow the data packet to flow through the established communication path through the second physical layer'. Shown. If at some point, the coffee layer ruler finds that the established path is not suitable for continuing, then the llc layer manager will direct the data packet to flow through the first-physical layer, that is, through the layers of the first-mosquito (four), such as steps. 703 is shown. In another embodiment, the LLC layer manager establishes a half-duplex communication path. The LLC layer interprets the communication path generated by the communication program over the established communication path and then transmits it from the second physical layer. The LLC layer manager simultaneously receives a plurality of other data packets destined for the communication program through the physical layer and forces the data packets to be transmitted through all layers of the first-collection stack. = Technician should understand 'the terminology used in this article is "communication connection, line and wired connection, direct connection and connection through other component circuits or modules." _ touching (four) connection (that is, by inference a Yuan Bai infers the implementation of the function between the connected pieces and the above-mentioned "communication connection, including two direct and indirect connections. The wireless and wired methods are carried out in a fine manner. 44 1363535 Revised page process and its relationship on December 28, 100. For the convenience of description, the boundaries and sequence of these functional modules and method steps are specifically defined as long as the ship and its relationship can work normally. They may also redefine their boundaries and order. Any redefinition of the boundaries and order will fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention. The above description describes certain The execution of important functions. For the convenience of description, the boundaries of these functional modules are specifically defined as long as they are normal. Now, they can also redefine their boundaries. Similarly, the steps of the flowchart towel are also defined by the secrets of the ship. In order to expand the process, the boundaries of the group can be reset. The sequence, at the same time, after redefinition, these modules still perform the original important functions. This definition of functional touch flow steps and sequences will also fall within the scope of the invention and the scope of the claimed protection. Those skilled in the art will also realize that the functional modules and other modules and components described herein can be implemented as shown in the figure, or can be used to implement specific software using decentralized component-specific integrated circuits. The processor and any of them are also implemented. σ 卜 For ease of understanding 'The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments, and the present invention is not quarantined with these embodiments. 'Lai, for the field The present invention may be modified within the spirit and scope of the present invention, but some modifications are still within the scope of the present invention. 45 December 28, 100, revised replacement page [Simplified BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a communication network of an end device and an access point, wherein each f-end device picks up a first protocol stack provided to a second protocol stack (four) human π point, said The end device supports the data communication with one access point of the first agreement and the data communication with another access point using the second protocol; FIG. 2 is an end device shown in FIG. The schematic block diagram, the end device supports a half-duplex bridge between the first fixed stack and the second protocol stack, wherein the _ 疋隹 4 supports the first radio, and the second protocol stack supports the second radio; A schematic block diagram of an end device shown in the middle, wherein the end is configured to be a full duplex bridge between the first stack and the second protocol stack, wherein the line device is stacked with the first radio device The second protocol stack supports the second innocent branch = is a schematic block diagram of an end device shown in FIG. 1, the first protocol of the end stacking, the second protocol sub-stack, and the third protocol sub-stack Stacking supports the first-physical layer circuit, the second acoustic circuit. The circuit, the third financial god supports the third physical 亍1 private device to interact with the backbone network through the first path and the second path, and the management module cooperates to stack the layers and the second protocol stack. Facilitating the data communication session through the first path to the second path:: Disconnected: 46 1363535 1 (10) year 12 θ 28th revised replacement page re-establishes the communication session; Figure 6 is a schematic block diagram of multiple components of the end device, a data communication protocol stack, wherein each layer of the first protocol stack 4: = a bridge with a corresponding layer in the first protocol stack;

7 is a flow chart of a method of establishing a communication path via a second physical layer by enabling a bridge between stacks of communication-incompatible protocols; FIG. 8 is an age of Flowchart (four)_ Flowchart of a method for enabling bridging H between layers, establishing a communication path via a second physical layer 'where multiple layers are managed||_ and managing the bridge alarm [main element symbol description] communication network 101 terrestrial cellular Network 105 Satellite Data Network 109 First Access Point (ΑΡ) 121 Third Access Point (ΑΡ) 125 First Agreement 131 Fourth Agreement 137 Second End Equipment (EPD) 153 First Agreement Stack 161 Third Agreement Stack 165 Protocol Stack Architecture 181 First Application Layer 203 Backbone Network 103 Wireless Data Network 107 Wired Data Network 111 Second Access Point (ΑΡ) 123 Fourth Access Point (ΑΡ) 127 Second Agreement 133 First End Equipment (EPD) 151 Third End Equipment (EPD) 155 Second Agreement Stack 163 Bridge Management Module 167 End Equipment 201 First Presentation Layer 205 47 1363535 December 28, 100 Correction Replacement Page First Transmission Layer 209 First Data link layer 2 13 First Medium Access Control Layer 217 Session Layer Bridge 241 Network Layer Bridge 245 Logical Link Control (LLC) Layer Bridge 247 Second Session Layer 261 Second Transport Layer 263 Second Network Layer 265

Second logical link control layer 267 second medium access control layer 269 second radio (secondary radio) 281 first session layer 207 first network layer 211 first logical link control layer 215 first physical layer 227 Transport layer bridge 243 End device 301 Layer 6 305 Layer 4 309 Layer 2 313 Layer 4 355 Layer 2 339 Bridge 351 Second protocol stack 381 Web browsing application 403 First physical layer circuit 415 Second physics Layer circuit 437 Layer 3 453 Internet telephony application 303 Layer 5 307 Layer 3 311 First radio 315 Layer 3 337 Second radio 341 First protocol stack 371 End device 401 Layers 405, 407, 409, 411 413 layer 4 451 layer 2 455 48 Ϊ 363535 third physical layer circuit 457 bridge 477 third protocol sub-stack 493 end device 503 first communication interface 505 video game application 515 first agreement stack 519 per-AP 531 Uplink communication interface 535 backbone network 551 second AP 571 communication application 607 layer 6 613 layer 3 622

Layer 6 Manager 628 Layer 4 631 Second Wireline Uplink 637 First Wireless Uplink Interface 643 Second Wireless Uplink Interface 647 User Input Interface 671 December 28, 100 Revision Replacement Page Bridge 475 First Protocol Stack 490 Second Protocol Sub-Stack 495 Second Communication Interface 509 Bridge Management Module 517 Second Protocol Stack 521 Downlink Communication Interface 533 First Packet Switched Data Network (PS-DN) 541 Second PS-DN 561 End Device 600 First Protocol Stack 611 Layer 6 Manager 614 First Wired Upstream 623 Layer 6 627 Layer 5 629 Level 2 635 Third Agreement Stack 641 Fourth Protocol Stack 645 Display 661 49

Claims (1)

Patent application scope: .1 (10) year 8th revised replacement page, type = end device communicating with the first access point and the second access point, the first access point manages communication using the first protocol The second access point manages communication using a P-protocol, the first-agreement is incompatible with the second protocol communication, and the end-instruction includes: the first protocol stacking, the first protocol stack At least include the first application The second physical layer supports the packet data communication using the first access point of the a; the second protocol stack, the second protocol stack # includes at least the second (four) And a second physical layer, wherein the second physical layer supports packet data communication between the second protocol and the first access point; and the first application layer of the first-collection stack passes the The first application layer ^ the first access point has heard the first - middle _ and the first physical ^ If a communication path establishes a communication session, the communication session having at least one parameter that would be compared in establishing the communication; Receiving a g-module module, collecting U-characteristics related to the first physical layer and the second physical layer, the communication characteristic information includes: delay, communication load, key quality I, Lai state, received information strength; Processing circuit of the processing circuit responsive to a change in communication characteristics, while maintaining a 2 to A session parameter, by providing a bridge between the first intermediate layer and the intermediate layer a first intermediate layer, the second intermediate layer, and the second physical layer establishing a second communication between the first application layer and the second access point of the modified page replacement page on December 28, 2015 Path to reroute traffic. 2. The end device of claim 3, wherein the re-routing is performed without the assistance of the first application layer. 3. The end device of claim i, wherein the change in the communication characteristic indicates that the second communication path is at least 0 more end than the first communication path. a first physical access layer that communicates with the first access point and a second physical layer that communicates with the second access point, wherein the first access access point is connected to the packet switched network overnight, The end device includes: an application layer; a protocol stack structure: the protocol stack structure includes: a first middle of the first communication path between the application layer and the first physical layer Second::==::: _ _ described: the application layer and the second::;::::- the first pass k light; and the bridge manager 'the bridge manager collects Communication characteristic information related to the first physical layer and the physical layer of the replacement page on December 28, 2014, which includes: delay, communication load, link quality, device status, received information strength And selecting to enable the bridge to switch between the first communication path and the second communication path based on the collected communication characteristic information. 5. The end device of claim 4, wherein the bridge manager switches to the bridge in response to a change in the performance of the first communication path. The end device of claim 4, wherein the communication session using at least one session parameter is established to the application layer by the first communication path and the at least one session parameter It will be maintained in the second communication path. 7. An end device capable of communicating with the first access point and the second access point, wherein the first access point side - protocol management communication, the second access point > And the first protocol stack includes at least a first application layer, and the first protocol stack includes at least a first application layer, a first inter-layer and a first-physical layer, the first physical layer supporting packet data communication with the first access point using the first protocol; a second intermediate layer filial first physical layer 'the second physical layer supports packet data communication with the first access point using the second protocol; 52 communicating the first- and second intermediate layers Bridge manager, the bridge manager receives _ flute = 2 _ listen to Ertong hoof secret message = ^ load, link quality, device status, received information strength „ 'set of communication characteristics information support from the said One should Initiating a first packet data flow through the first intermediate layer, the bridge, and the first intermediate layer to the second physical layer; and the bridge manager responding to communication characteristics, Supporting a second packet data flow through the second object s, through the second intermediate layer, the bridge, and the first 曰 to the first application layer. 53 1363535 December 28, 100 revised replacement page VII. Designated representative circle: (1) The representative representative of the case is: picture (4). (b) A brief description of the component symbols of the representative figure: End device 401 Web browsing application 403 First physical layer circuit 415 Second physical layer circuit 437 Layer 3 453 Third physical layer circuit 457 Bridge 477 Second protocol sub-stack 493 Layer 405, 407, 409, 411, 413 4th layer 451 2nd layer 455 Bridge 475 First agreement stack 490 Second agreement sub-stack 495 VIII. If there is a chemical section in this case, please reveal the private message 0 Chemical formula: