SU1740061A1 - Grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

Use: grinding of feed grains. The invention: the grinder contains a toroidal housing with a working body in the form of a helical spiral. The ends of the spiral are fixed on cylindrical supports located in the area of the straight sections of the body so that the opening of the receiving hopper is made above the lower support, and the opening of the unloading hatch is below the top. Spiral gutters with a depth of 1.2-2.5 times the thickness of a spiral rod are made on the supports. The rectangular loading and unloading openings have a width equal to the chord length of the circumference of the housing opening defined by the central angle of this circumference, and a length less than the length of each support. 3 il. X

Description

(L

with

The invention relates to the grinding of materials, in particular to grinding machines with helical grinding bodies for grinding feed grains, and can be used as a means of small-scale mechanization for individual farms and small livestock farms.

A device for grinding a fine-grained product is known, comprising a housing with a receiving hopper and a discharge port, a working rotor with grinding bodies in the form of pins arranged along a helical line, and a drive.

The disadvantage of this device is low efficiency, caused by intense and uneven wear of the grinding bodies in the form of pins. This is due to the fact that during operation of the device most of the feed material due to centrifugal forces

it is thrown towards the inner wall of the body and at the same time partially compacted (the principle of the device is such that only a significant rotor speed - about 3000 rpm - ensures its optimum performance). For this reason, the pins, when embedded in the compacted material, wear out more intensely at the ends. During wear, the gap between the ends of the pins and the inner wall of the housing gradually increases. During further operation of the device, a portion of the feed material, without being ground, falls into an increased gap formed between the ends of the pins and the inner wall of the housing. Under the action of its own weight and pressure of the material entering from above, a part of the product, slippery along the walls, gets to the unground outlet. Closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved re-,

-four

ION

,at%

The result is a laboratory mill containing a toroidal body, bounded by straight sections, the working body in the form of a spiral spiral curved in an arc, and a drive. The receiving bunker and the discharge hatch are located on the straight sections of the hull.

The disadvantage of this device is also low efficiency with continuous supply of fine-grained product for grinding due to the lack of a mechanism in it that ensures optimal dosing of the material in the process of submitting it for processing, since the supply of more optimal amount leads to jamming of the working material. body, and less than optimal - to unproductive energy consumption.

This is due to the fact that the source material fed through the loading hopper during operation of the device, goes directly to the spiral, filling the inter-turn gaps. Since the interturn clearances are wedge-shaped, the working body, rotating, is forced to overcome some resistance caused by material particles entering wedge-like converging spaces, thereby destroying (crushing) the material. The more feed material is fed for grinding, the greater the resistance to rotation of the working member. Finally, at a certain flow rate of the source material, the device’s electric drive is first overloaded, and then the working body is jammed.

A common drawback of the analogue and the prototype is the low operational reliability of their work, since in the case of feeding the material for shredding, before the working member starts working, the latter even gets stuck on an insignificant amount of the supplied material, since both of these devices in the described version can not work under the rubble.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the grinding efficiency and operational reliability by ensuring uniform material feed to the grinding zone and increasing the grinding zones.

This goal is achieved by the fact that a chopper containing a toroidal housing with straight end sections, an operating member in the housing in the form of a helical spiral, the ends of which are fixed on cylindrical supports, a receiving bin and a discharge port located in the area of the straight sections of the housing so that loading hole

The bunker is made above the lower cylindrical support, and the discharge opening of the hatch is below the top, according to the invention, on cylindrical supports it has spiral-shaped chutes onto which the spiral is screwed, the depth of the chutes is 1.2-2.5 thicknesses of the spiral rod, loading and unloading openings have a rectangular shape with a width equal to the length of the chord of the circumference of the housing opening defined by the central angle of this circumference equal to 45 + 15 °, and its length is less than the length of each support.

Figure 1 presents the grinder, a General view; figure 2 is the same, top view; FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the screw attachment on a helical spiral.

The grinder contains a toroidal case 2 mounted on the frame 1 with lower and upper straight-line sections 3 and 4, a receiving bin 5 and a discharge hatch 6. Inside the case 2 there is a working member 7 in the form of a helical spiral curved in an arc. One of the ends of the working body 7 has a drive shaft 8. The screw helix of the working body 7, which can be made of a bar with a cross section of various configurations (circle, square, rectangle, etc.), is equipped with screw feeders screwed onto its ends. See the top 9 and bottom 10 cylindrical supports with spiral grooves 11 on the outer surface. The height of the chute 11 is 1.2-2.5 diameter or height of the spiral of the working body 7, the cylindrical bearings 9 and 10 have bearing units 12.

In order to avoid turning during the operation of the working body 7 relative to the cylindrical supports 9 and 10, bolting 13 with a figured washer 14 is provided, which is made on the outer surface of each support between the grooves 11 in a recess at the height of the diameter of the helix rod. The winding of the grooves 11 and the working body 7 is made in the direction in which the helix is lifted upwards during the operation of the chipper.

The receiving bin 5 is located above the lower straight-line section 3 of the housing 2, and the unloading hatch 6 is located above the upper straight-line section 4, respectively, the loading opening 15 of the receiving hopper 5 is made above the lower support 10, and the unloading opening 16 is above the upper support 9, with This loading and unloading holes 15 and 16 have the shape of a rectangular window with a width equal to the length of the chord resting on an angle of 45 + 15 °. but

length - less than the length of each of the supports 9 and 10.

The source of torque in the apparatus is the drive motor 17, which is transmitted by means of a V-belt transmission 18 to the drive shaft 8. The functions of the motor are provided by an electrical control apparatus 19.

The grinder works as follows.

The motor 17 by means of a V-belt transfer 18 through the shaft 8 drives the working member 7 to rotate. The starting product, for example, some kind of feed grain (wheat, peas, corn, etc.), is fed into the receiving bin, which is filled in full . Through the loading opening 15 of the receiving bin 5, the grain enters the zone of the screw-shaped chute 11 and is captured by it in an amount equal to the volume of the chute 11 minus the volume occupied by the turns of the working body in this zone.

Since the winding of the chute 11 during the rotation of the support is directed towards the working body 7, the material in a strictly metered volume, previously crushed roughly by the sharp edges of the chute 11, is directed to the area of the helical spiral bent along an arc, where it is crushed in wedge matching spaces between lateral surfaces of spiral turns.

The working body 7 in the form of a spiral, rotating in the direction of raising the helix, as well as due to the back-flow of the newly entering material, caused by the operation of the auger feeder, causes the grinding product to move towards the discharge hatch. Part of the material falling into the gaps between the loaded surfaces of the spiral turns and the inner wall of the coopus, is also partially crushed due to oscillations of the spiral.

The crushed material, falling on the upper straight-line section 4 of the housing 2, is caught by the spiral groove 11 of the upper cylindrical support 9 and in

The withdrawn volume provided by the upper screw feeder is directed to the discharge opening 16 of the discharge port 6 to the exit.

Practical implementation of the device

According to the invention, it is possible to obtain a structurally simple and reliable apparatus, which provides for the grinding of various types of feed grain in any ratios and proportions under conditions of individual use. If for the manufacture of a toroidal hull to apply taps in accordance with GOST 17375-83, then the manufacture of the proposed continuous grinder is available even in the conditions of agricultural repair shops.

Claims (1)

Claims of the invention A grinder, comprising a toroid-shaped body with straight end sections, placed in the body an organ in the form of a helical spiral, the ends of which are fixed on cylindrical supports, a receiving hopper and a discharge hatch located in the zone of the straight sections of the body so that the loading opening The bunker is made above the lower cylindrical support, and the discharge opening of the hatch is under the upper one, characterized in that, in order to increase the grinding efficiency and operational reliability by ensuring uniform material supply to the grinding zone, cylindrical supports are made on the cylindrical supports, and the depth of the grooves is 1.2-2.5 of the thickness of the helix rod, the loading and unloading openings have the shape of a rectangle with a width equal to the length of the chord of the circumference of the opening of the building ca defined by the central angle this circle, equal to 45 + 15 °, and the length is less than the length of each support. L /four 7 # And $