DK200800210U3 - Natural antioxidant feed additive based on elements from berries - Google Patents

Description

in DK 2008 00210U3

Technical area

The present invention relates to a feed additive having antioxidant properties, as well as an antioxidant feed additive based on natural or natural identical active substances, as well as a feed mixture containing the additive as well as a method for raising livestock.

Technical background

The phasing out of antibiotic and chemotherapeutic growth promoters in livestock production in the EU has led to an urgent need to find alternatives.

In recent years, attention has been increasingly focused on the widespread use of antibiotics and chemotherapeutics as growth promoters. More and more pathogenic microorganisms have developed resistance to the antibiotics in question, which has thereby become less effective. Furthermore, there is a risk that there are residues of antibiotics in the slaughterhouse, so that humans also consume antibiotics, whereby microorganisms that are human diseases can become resistant. Likewise, there is a risk of ingestion of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms through the slaughterhouse. Finally, there is a risk that antibiotic can be found in groundwater and in streams.

Accordingly, it is now considered that continued use of various antibiotics as growth promoters would increase the risk of an epidemic occurring among animals and / or humans that cannot be combated with antibiotics. Some people have already developed allergies to specific antibiotics. In addition, one of the chemotherapeutic growth promoters used so far has also been shown to be carcinogenic.

Therefore, antibiotic growth promoters were phased out in the EU by the end of 2005. The need for alternatives is increasing, as the ban on growth promoters has now led to an increased use of antibiotics to treat various problems in livestock production.

Due to the aforementioned conditions and to ensure the economy and sustainability of the animal husbandry, alternative methods are now being sought for the animals to ensure disease-free growth without the use of antibiotics.

Such agents may advantageously be based on natural or natural identical active substances. They should also have the same or a better effect on animal growth and feed utilization than the classical growth promoters, to ensure acceptance of these new additives from both the farmer and the feed industry.

It is known that many plants contain various functional and / or antibacterial agents, including saponins, flavonoids, tannins, hydroxycymenes and terpenes, and it is also known to utilize such active substances from plant materials in pharmaceuticals. Part of the positive properties of these active substances are due to their antioxidant properties. Antioxidants protect cells from degradation and harmful substances, reduce infection risks and have a special effect on high production and stress.

It is also suggested to use such natural substances as daily supplements for animals. However, in many cases, the alleged effects of such active plant components are not sufficiently well documented and many of the components occur only in minor amounts in the plants concerned, as are most often too costly and / or too difficult to access for preventive daily use as a feed supplement.

It is well known that berries, especially blackberries, blueberries and cranberries, have a high content of polyphenols with antioxidant capacity (Kahkonen et al. 2001: Berry phenolics and their antioxidant activity. J. Agric. Food Chem 49, 4076-4082) . The berries include anthocyanins, flavonol, rutin and catechin. Studies have shown the potential of berries in the fight against eg. cancer and arteriosclerosis and the mechanisms are believed to be based on the ability of polyphenols to fight oxidative stress, inflammatory conditions (Neto, 2007: Cranberry and blueberry: Evidence for protective effects against cancer and vascular diseases. Mol, Nutr. Food Res. 51, 652-664 ), Cranberries also contain procyanidins, which are believed to have an antibacterial effect by preventing the attachment of bacteria and toxins, thereby having a beneficial effect against, among other things, urinary tract infections (Duthie, 2007: Berry Fruits. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 51, 643). Shelf has shown antiviral effects, stimulation of the immune system and has been suggested to be effective against influenza (Wu et al. 2005: Aglycones and sugar moieties alter anthocyanin absorption and metabolism after berry consumption in weanling pigs. The Journal of Nutrition 135, 2417- 2424).

Although there is scientific evidence for the health-promoting effect of many different kinds of berries, the prevalence of berries in daily food is very limited. As a share in animal feed for production or pets, berries are completely absent and unknown, as are no scientific or popular studies that have focused on the health-promoting effect of berries on the animal's health and production. Some publications describe the health effects of berries in rats or the absorption of polyphenols in pigs, but the purpose of these studies is to generate knowledge for human use and the animals are used only as model animals. The focus on the use of berries for production animals has thus been absent, possibly due to the very high prices of berries, which prevents their use will be economically meaningful in agriculture, where feed costs must be kept to a minimum.

Various patents describe products and methods comprising the health-promoting effect of berries on humans. Only a few patents deal with berry-containing products for animals. The use of blackcurrant leaves and whole blackcurrants as part of a compound feed is described in a Polish patent (PL 173665). Blackcurrants are included in a mixture of herbs and vegetables such as mint and fennel. Thus, the invention does not address a combination of several different berries with antioxidant properties. It is precisely the combination of this unique composition of different berries that gives the surprising effect on growth and feed utilization.

A German patent application (DE 102007001349) describes an animal additive based on press residues from various berries and from wine. However, the residual presses must be treated with a special enzymatic method. Such methods are very costly. Thus, there is a need for a cost-effective additive with antioxidant properties that can be used in animals.

Surprisingly, it has now been found that small amounts of a mixture of different parts of berries have growth-promoting and health-promoting effects when used as cost-effective additives for animal feed and drinking water.

Brief Description of the Invention

The present invention relates to a natural additive having antioxidant properties for use as feed additives in animals, and / or to their drinking water, and containing natural and / or nature-identical active substances containing antioxidant elements and derived from one or more of the following berries: blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum), blackberries (Sambucus spp.), blueberries (Vaccinium myrtillus), cranberries (Vaccinium oxycoccus; V.microcaroum; V.macrocarpum), aronia (especially aronia arbutifolia; aronia meianocarpa) and natural emulsifiers, especially Quillaja (quillaja saponaria), Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa), tea (Camellia spp., such as C. oleifera and C. sinensis), as well as any conventional adjuvants and / or additives.

The invention further comprises a livestock feed mixture containing the additive together with a conventional feed, and a method of breeding livestock in which the animals are fed the feed mixture incl. In the form of wet feed and as top dressing, or it is given to them via the drinking water.

The additive may even be based on one or more waste products which currently have no other significant practical use, making the active component very cheap and cost effective and simplifying the manufacture of the additive.

The scope of the applicability of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description. It should be understood, however, that the detailed description and specific examples, specifying preferred embodiments of the invention, are provided by way of illustration only, as various changes and modifications within the scope of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the detailed description.

5 DK 2008 00210U3

Detailed description of the invention

The components of the additive according to the invention are obtainable on the basis of a by-product of the production of food, especially jelly and juice or the like. Based on the above berries or on the basis of the berries or leaves themselves.

In the production of jelly and juice, a by-product is called a residual press. This press residue consists of shells of berries, kernels and possibly. flesh. The press residue has a high content of antioxidants as is the case for leaves from shrubs and trees of blueberries and blackberries as well as elderberries and cranberries.

The component can be used either as whole elements or as extracts of the whole elements or by-products. The extract may be made by water, alcohol or a combination thereof.

When utilizing the press residue products and in the preparation of the extracts, the liquid product obtained can be dried to a water content of not more than 8-15%, usually to a maximum water content of 10% water, or it can be preserved, for example by adding 3 to 10% by weight NaCl , or another salt, and then store for later drying. To further ensure shelf life, it is advantageous to add 0 to 5% of a feed acceptable acid such as citric acid, tartaric acid or lactic acid or a mixture thereof, which addition has a positive effect on the product's effect. Also, it may be advantageous to add a preservative such as sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate or calcium propionate, for example.

The residual press products, the extracts and the dried and ground plant parts can be further concentrated as necessary by removing part of the water in the product. This can be done by filtration, by extraction, by centrifugation and by other conventional methods.

The components of the additive according to the invention contain a number of interesting active substances. Among the most important are substances, primarily polyphenols, with antioxidant properties and tannins. The additive according to the invention has, inter alia, the following beneficial effects 1) An antioxidant effect in the animal * protects against cell degradation * reduces consumption of other antioxidants such as Vitamin E and Selenium 3) Improving productivity and health of animals by * having antimicrobial and antiviral properties * inhibiting inflammatory conditions * improving balance between antioxidants and radicals in stress situations and thus a reducing effect against oxidative stress 4) Effect on product quality * reduce fluid loss in meat (drip loss) * improve the color of the meat * extend the shelf life

The additive according to the invention can be used with great benefit for both domestic animals and ruminants, including cows, pigs, poultry, calves, horses, fish, seafood and pets, hereafter referred to as livestock.

Formulation of commercial products with the additive of the invention

Depending on the concentration and variation therein of the active ingredients relevant to the additive according to the invention, it may be necessary to mix the raw material with an appropriate carrier so that a final product which is reasonably standardized and not too concentrated can be obtained. that it can be mixed in feed directly from the manufacturers of finished feed, and partly from home blends.

To achieve the aforementioned properties of the commercial feed additive, suitable carriers are primarily mineral carriers in the form of clay minerals and zeolites - especially sepiolite and clinoptilolite - and secondary vegetable carriers 7 wheat 2008, wheat bran, soybean meal, etc. Calcium carbonate, etc. usable carrier, not so much because of its technical characteristics, but because of its low cost. The same goes for grapefruit flour, which is a known carrier frequently used in animal feed.

The plant parts and press residues can be ground to a greater or lesser extent before they are mixed with the current carrier.

The additive of the invention has been found to have a significant effect on the livestock feed intake, daily growth and feed utilization. The causes of the effects in question are not entirely clear, as there may be more than those so far found. The reasons already confirmed include the following.

The additive according to the invention * reduces the consumption of other antioxidants such as vitamin E, vitamin C and selenium in production and pet animals * reduces the negative effects of stress factors

examples

A number of tests have been conducted to verify the additive.

For the preparation of 1 kg of feed additive - formulated as a premix - the following dry materials, together referred to as "Quiponin B", are mixed together:

Black currant residue: 35 g

Press residue of blackberries 15 g

Ground and dried parts of the bark from the soap bark tree (Quillaja): 50 g

Sepiolite: 450 g

Wheat flour: 450 g

For the preparation of 1 kg of feed additive - formulated as a premix - the following materials are mixed together in the dry state, referred to below as "Quiponin blackcurrant1": 8 DK 2008 00210U3

Blackcurrant residue: 50 g

Ground and dried parts of the bark from the soap bark tree (Quillaja): 50 g

Sepiolite: 450 g 5 Wheat flour: 450 g

For the preparation of 1 kg of feed additive - formulated as a premix - the following materials are mixed in the dry state, referred to as "Quiponin shelf berries" below: 10 Shelf berry press residue: 50 g

Ground and dried parts of the bark from the soap bark tree (Quillaja): 50 g

Sepiolite: 450 g

Wheat flour: 450 g 15

Introduction

Three experiments with newly weaned pigs were performed at two different experimental sites. The experiments consisted of a control and experimental group of 30 pigs per day. group for the experiments with Quiponin Blackcurrant and Blackberry and 40 pigs per group for the experiment 20 with Quiponin B. All pigs were fed ad libitum with the same feed. 2000 ppm of the given test product was added to the feed for the test teams. The pigs were weighed at start, after 10 days and after 21 days. On the same days, feed intake was measured so that feed utilization could be calculated.

Sealing product Starting weight, kg Control Experiments Quiponin B 7.0 7.1 Quiponin Blackcurrant 7.4 7.4 Quiponin Shelfberry 7.4 7.4 30

While the experiments with Quiponin Blackberries and Quiponin Blackberries took place on the Danish farm S, the experiment with Quiponin B was carried out at the Czech Institute ofAnimal Production.

DK 2008 00210 U3

Table 1: Results, first trial period (10 days)

Experimental Product Avg. daily Indox Ft, kg / pig / day Index FCR, kg / kg Index increment g Control Trial FM Control Trial FM Control Trial F / K Quiponin B 30 80 267 0.13 0.16 118 4.68 2.10 45 Quiponin Blackberry 175 250 IlSIfll 0.27 0.30 111 1.52 1.20 79 Quiponin Blackberries 175 235 1181 0.27 0.28 104 1.52 1.21 80 Table 2: Results, second trial period (11 days) L Experimental Product Avg. . daily Index R, kg / pig / day Index. FOR, kg / kg Index increment, go Control Trials FM Controls Trials m Controls Trials FM Quiponin B 200 240 120 0.34 0.43: 127 1.55 1.61 104 Quiponin Blackcurrant 436 500 115 0.55 0.65 118 1.26 1.29 102 Quiponin Blackberry 436 450 Fire Arrow 0.55 0.59 107 1.26 1.31 (104 Table 3: Results, Total Trial Period (21 days) Experimental Product Avg Daily Index Ft, kg / pig / day Index FCR, kg / kg index increment, g Control Trials ΨΜ Control Trials m Control Trials F / K Quiponin B 120 170 142 0.23 0.28 122 1.94 1.73 89 Quipoin Blackberry 311 381 123 0.45 0 , 53 I 118 1.46 1.39; 95 Quiponin Blackberries 311 348 112 0.45 0.49 109 1.46 1.41 97 10 All variants of the test feed had the greatest effect on daily growth during the first trial period. is the 43% improvement in the test team that was assigned Quiponin Blackcurrant and the extremely improved by 167% in the pigs assigned to Quiponin B - however, it should be noted that the growth in the tte latter attempt at all was very small. In the second trial period 15, there was also a higher daily growth in the trial teams for all four variants. During this period, the improvement was 3-20%.

The feed intake of pigs was increased in all three experimental groups compared with control. The test products improved feed utilization 3-11% in the total period of DK 2008 00210 U3 10.

Now that the invention has been described, it will be apparent that this will be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be construed as a departure from the scope of the invention, and all such modifications which will be apparent to those skilled in the art shall also be understood to be within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. Natural additive with antioxidant properties for use as feed additives in animals and containing natural and / or nature-identical active substances derived from one or more of the following antioxidant elements: blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum), blackberry (Sambucus spp.), Blueberry {Vaccinium myrtillus), cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccus; V.microcaroum; V.macrocarpum), aronia (Aronia spp., Especially Aronia arbutifolia; Aronia melanocarpa), blackberries (Rubus spp., Especially R. plicatus and R. fruticosus), mulberries (Rubus Chamaemorus), cranberries (Vaccinium vitis idaea), rattlesnake / blackberry (Empetrum nigrum), raspberry (Rubus idaeus), ribs (Ribes rubrum). An additive according to claim 1, characterized in that the antioxidant components are derived from whole berries or leaves or an extract thereof, or from a by-product based on berries or leaves obtainable as residue after removal of one or more ingredients or by a extraction thereof. Additive according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a natural emulsifier containing saponins from Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria), Quinoa (chenopodium quinoa), tea (camellia spp., Such as C. oleifera and C sinensis), goatee (Trigonella foenum graecum), soap herb (Saponaria officinalis), or yucca (such as Yucca schidigera) DK 2008 00210U3 11 Additive according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises the combination with another feed additive, in particular probiotics, prebiotics and organic acids. 5 Additive according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains in an amount of additive intended for 1000 kg of feed 1 to 5000 g of the antioxidant component, calculated as dry matter. An additive according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a carrier-acceptable carrier material. A pet food composition comprising the ingredients of the additive according to any one of claims 1 to 5 together with a conventional feed.