DE1296325B - External wall cladding made of thermal insulation panels - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a building cladding panels with a tub-like exterior wall cladding Outer sheet metal skin formed from thermal insulation building boards can be used, one of which has at least its outer and edge sides by beading the sheet metal edge to the rear area-covering, moisture-proof, weatherproof and internally formed interior with a counter have stable and solid top layer, which is filled on 5 sound and heat insulating material to be fixed on the building wall with brackets. Even if the isolation is probably in the Distance from the wall and fixed on all sides, the main purpose is likely to have the heat against each other are sealed and the combined radiation of the high tempemit in sunny weather on this wall a sheet metal skin, which is open to the outside air, is placed on the clad Connected vertical air layer between the building wall and reduce vibrations of the building wall limit. 'Suppress sheet metal, these sheet metal building exterior wall cladding Made of thermal cladding panels, but also thermal insulation building boards The main purpose of insulating building boards is to provide the building wall with weather protection Allow heat to pass through the building wall. These thermal insulation boards are on Applying a composed of plates 15 fixed on the building wall with brackets Reduce the thermal insulation layer. Usually fixed at a distance from the wall and on all sides used one made of light organic or anor- sealed against each other so that they come together Ganischem material produced, a diffusion of with the wall one with the outside air at least Moisture-permitting panels that are directly connected to above and below vertical the outer wall set and delimited to the outside by 20 spaces.

one arranged at a distance, usually made of special This space is like a chimney

ders weatherproof plates formed outer acting ventilation gap in the circulating Cladding protected against adverse weather conditions can absorb moisture caused by the air are. Building wall is diffused through. At deep

However, the cavity between the thermal insulation layer 25 can also be outside temperatures at this and the curtain wall provides a lower outer wall cladding for freezing the »respiratory and Ventilation gap open at the top, in which air moisture circulates in the outer layers of the body itself and the building wall borrowed when the outside temperature is low; the further diffusion through the building wall and the thermal insulation layer of moisture through this wall is then diffusing underneath Can dissipate moisture. 3 ° tied or at least undesirably greatly reduced. In winter it sinks because of the cold ventilation air and the object of the invention is to provide a

because of the mostly low level of thermal insulation of the cladding panels to create the temperature of the type mentioned, at which the just mentioned in the outer layer of the thermal insulation panels th disadvantages of the known wall coverings below freezing point, the weather-accumulating in the plates 35 spaced from the wall Moisture freezes. The air resistant panels are avoided and above all Moisture and things inside the building, breathability and residual moisture the building wall remain in the delivery of the building wall even with deep exterior exteriors Wall layers and freeze there, which means that temperatures are maintained.

Breathing through the wall is prevented and beyond- 40 This object is achieved according to the invention in which the thermal insulation of the at least partially substantial solved in that the also at their dampened building wall is reduced. Back against moisture penetration

There are also already external wall cladding made of protected thermal insulation building boards at least on the moisture-impermeable, on the building's upper and side edges of the wall cladding wall directly adjacent back with a 45 to form a standing thermal insulation layer only open on the underside provided cladding panels insulation air layer between the wall and Known. To prevent any accumulation of moisture in the manure being sealed against the wall,
moisture-permeable thermal insulation layer to The seals between adjacent panels

prevent, ventilation channels are provided, are preferably made of soft elastic material either on the inside of the thermal insulation 5 ° rial low thermal conductivity, such as a foam synthetic layer or arranged within this layer itself, with preferably closed pores and are net and either from bottom to top through - on the outside of the cladding by weathering or only covered by permanent covers within each cladding panel,
Open mouths on the lower edge of the plate

to have. These channels allow a diffusion of the 55, furthermore useful, between the building moisture in the air filling these channels and wall and the thermal insulation building boards additional via this into the outside air. Provide seals in strip form, which the

A removal of larger amounts of moisture, insulating air layer through separated from each other how they are present in the wall in winter is to subdivide fields.

not only because of the narrow ducts, but also because of the 60 The thermal resistance of the weather paths an easily possible freezing of the moisture-resistant covered thermal insulation building boards activity in the thermal insulation layer is very difficult, expediently dimensioned such that the so that here too the moisture permeability of the lowest outside temperatures occurring in winter and thermal insulation of the wall, the temperature gradient within the wall is reduced at least to a very great extent will. 65 clothing, the insulating air layer and the

Finally, the outer wall cladding to the building wall is divided up in such a way that on the outside Coverage of shell walls or to the exterior of the building wall a temperature above the "Modernization" of old buildings known where there is freezing point. when the temperature

on the inside of this building wall is approximately in the range of 15 ° C or slightly above.

In this way, ice formation on the outside of the solid building wall is reliably prevented and the wall can breathe and still release moisture to the outside as a result of a relatively large Temperature gradient towards the inside of the thermal insulation panels then on the colder inside of the Knock down the wall cladding and freeze there at very low outside temperatures or at less low outside temperatures can flow down along the inside of the cladding.

Taking advantage of the large temperature difference between the two, the dormant insulating air layer delimiting surfaces for the separation of the moisture emerging from one surface in the form of condensation on the other surface, which allows the water to run off, forms the essential Core of the invention. High temperature differences require that the insulating air layer is not interrupted by numerous "thermal bridges" or by large-area, thermally conductive material contact or is bridged; "Ventilation channels" - even if they are only open at the lower end, as with a wall cladding mentioned above - with the mostly usual small clearances With diameters and larger transverse distances, there are no significant temperature differences on their wall sides. Their effect is based solely on moisture, especially vapor diffusion.

The invention is explained in more detail using a few exemplary embodiments. Show it

F i g. 1 is a partial view of an outer wall cladding, interrupted at two points,

F i g. 2 shows a vertical section along the section line H-II in FIG. 1 through the outer wall of the building and their wall covering,

F i g. 3 a special edging of contiguous Thermal insulation panels, seen from the front,

F i g. 3 a a single plate in view,

F i g. 4 shows a vertical section along the section line IV-IV in FIG. 3,

FIG. 5 shows a horizontal section along the section line V-V in FIG. 3,

6 shows a horizontal section through a corner of the wall cladding with at the edges differently designed thermal insulation building boards,

F i g. 7 shows a section through a seal between two adjacent thermal insulation panels,

F i g. 8 a differently designed version of a corner of the wall cladding,

9, 10 and 11 each show a top view, a horizontal one and a vertical section through a variant of the outer wall cladding,

12 shows a schematic partial sectional illustration through a further form of a thermal insulation building board for the production of exterior wall cladding.

In the schematic representation of FIG. 1 and 2, the wall of the building, denoted 1, is made of concrete; in the window opening 2 is a Window 3 used, which sits essentially on the inside of the concrete wall; the roof 4 protrudes outside over the concrete wall and its cladding with a drip edge 5 out, and at the window opening is a window or drip tray that also protrudes over the concrete wall and cladding 6 provided.

The thermal insulation panels 7 used to clad the outer wall surface of the building are designed as composite panels; its core layer 7 α consists of a light material with high thermal insulation properties, in particular of rigid foam plastic, possibly also of bonded wood pulp or the like, and is surrounded on all sides by a cover layer 7 b of weather-resistant, preferably fiber-reinforced plastic.

The top layer 7 b can consist, for example, of glass fiber reinforced polyester resin, which, with regard to the desired weather resistance, contains relatively little filler and the dyes and, if appropriate, flame-retardant additives are added.

To attach the thermal insulation panels 7 to the building wall, spacers 8 are used, which in the case of the one shown in FIG. 1 and 2 illustrated embodiment are in two parts; one of the two holding

ao tion parts, such as part 8 a, is attached to the wall and contains a front accessible, slightly expanding towards the wall 1 towards the cavity, in which the second, attached to the inside of the thermal insulation panel 7 bracket part 8 b engages with a head part thickened at its outer end with play on all sides and is fixed within the cavity by a hardenable mass which fills the cavity. The insulating air layer 9 that remains free between the outer surface of the wall and the inner surface of the thermal insulation building boards 7 is intended to be an insulating, therefore static, air layer. In order to prevent the occurrence of undesirable air currents in this layer of air, flexible seals 10 are inserted between adjacent thermal insulation panels 7, which are compressed somewhat resiliently during installation and which are covered on the outside of the cladding by weather-resistant covers 11 in the form of cover strips.

Corresponding seals are also arranged between the outer thermal insulation panels and the panels T intended to cover the edges of the window openings 2 and between these panels and the window frame 3 α . In addition, the entire panel cladding is sealed against the wall at its upper edge with seals 10 and covers 11. In the same way, the side edges of the panel cladding are sealed against the building wall; only at the lower edge of the panel cladding remains a gap 12 opposite the base 1 α of the building wall, which allows pressure equalization between the insulating air layer 9 and the outside air as well as the drainage of condensation water that may precipitate on the inside of the cladding panels.

The thermal insulation panels 7 have, for example, a total thickness of 15 to 20 mm, of which 12 to 17 mm are accounted for by the insulating core layer 7 α made of rigid foam plastic and about 1.5 mm each for the fiber-reinforced plastic cover layer 7 b; the insulating air layer 9 can have a thickness of 20 to 40 mm and the building wall made of concrete can have a thickness of 12 to 15 cm. With the dimensions given above for this concrete wall, the insulation air layer and the thermal insulation panels 7 corresponds

in a correspondingly modified training can also be used for inside corners, on the outside of their Leg a pressed projection 14, which by pressing together the edges of the outer and inner fiber-reinforced cover layer is created and that together with a back, on the same Way produced circumferential edge strip 15 of the subsequent thermal insulation building board 7 for receiving the elastic seal 10 and the

The thermal insulation of the clad building wall, for example, the thermal insulation of a brick wall with a thickness of 51 cm, and the temperature on the outer surface of the concrete wall (which is plastered on its inner surface) is always above freezing point even at outside temperatures of -20 ° C, if there is a Temperature of +15 ⁰ C or slightly above is kept.

This means that the breathability remains for a long time
after its construction, the space between the concrete wall, which gives off moisture, is preserved even in the harsh winter; Somewhat encompasses both panels and thus a moisture build-up is deposited on the inside of the insulation against loosening and falling out of the seal, but does not penetrate into and form its cover.

their core layer, larger amounts of moisture from F i g. 7 can be seen how the cover

can downward through the open gap 12 from 15 of the thermal insulation building boards 7 on one side of the surface flow. - especially the inside of the panels - with

In the F i g. 3, 4 and 5 is a deviating configuration and arrangement of the thermal insulation building boards, which initially run perpendicular to the plane of the board, protruding over the board surface and illustrated, in which the flexible elastic seal 10, which is laterally bent outwards to cover the closing, is between adjacent 20 catching Edge strips 15 is provided. These edge strips exposed plates serving as edge strips close the to accommodate the elastic seals 11 ', 1Γ α directly on two to each other device 10 and their outer cover 11 serving right-angled edges of the heat-insulating space on the inside partially off, so that building panels are molded; the plates overlap the seal after laying the plates with their molded edge strips 11 'and 35 under tension in the space between the two 11' α in such a way that the elastic seals 10 all-plates pressed in and finally through the sides between the end faces and the skirting cover 11 can be covered, which are included from neighboring panels. resistant, somewhat elastic material

From Fig. 3a is an arrangement which can be glued by pressing the two 30 together in a very schematic form, which is standing and sealingly between the two plates. It should be clear that cover layers 7 b can be seen in the front or instead of a two-part sealing insert (elastic rear outer plate plane obtained edge strips 11 'or 11'α; the dimensions of the
The core of the plate are indicated by hatching on the edge.

The thermal insulation panels 7 are according to
F i g. 3 with the interposition of the elastic seals 10 in such a mutual bond on the
Building wall attached in rows one above the other,
that they each on the lower and (in F i g. 3) the left 40 other plate has a bent peripheral edge strip 15 side of the plate provided edge strips 11 ', which partially delimit the rear plates of the underlying row of plates or the
on the left adjoining plate in the area of edge indentations 7c of these plates overlap and the
Seals 10 between the front edge 45
afford 11 'of one plate and the rear
Edge strips 11'α of the other plate included
are. The from the F i g. 4 and 5 visible edge training of the thermal insulation panels 7 allows a
Slight mutual displacement of the panels in the two panel plane with smooth edge edges, with the elastic seals 10, thermal insulation panels being inserted and installed with a certain pretension, in which they are possibly fixed by adhesive, more or less pressed together. can be laid. To improve the heat

- The elastic seals 10 can already insulation such a corner profile can at the Before laying the thermal insulation boards, an additional foam pad is placed on the inside of the profile The building wall can be arranged in the angle between the edge support.

End faces and the edge strips 11'α of the plates In Fig. 9 to 11 is a further variant of the

are glued in such a way that they protrude slightly beyond the ends of the design of insulating building boards 16 of the edge strips 11 ' α , in order to also show where the "gussets" on one side are fully filled at those points on the board edges, 60 circumferential V-shaped edge strips 17 are formed where three plates collide. with which the plates can be connected directly to a

For the outer corners of the wall cladding, a covering wall can be placed or against this wall according to FIG. 6 designed as angled profiles can be supported and between which you use thermal insulation panels 13 whose fiber beads 18 made of elastic material or reinforced synthetic resin cover layers 13 6 can be attached in a 65 made of a porous putty, arranged essentially V-shaped Shape on the core layer 13 α , which is composed of two parts around the air space or the insulating air layer, can be pressed onto the building panels and the wall by individual ones. The "corner plate" is given to subdivide the closed fields. By sub

Seal 10 and outer cover 11) can also use a one-piece sealing strip, when using a foam with a closed surface.

The corner formation according to FIG. 8 is particularly suitable for covering the corners of window openings thought: One of the thermal insulation boards has a smooth, straight edge, while the

serving to accommodate the seal 10 and its cover 11 space between the Plates is provided.

For corners of the cladding, special angle profiles made of mechanically strong, Use shockproof material, especially fiber-reinforced plastic, the two at 90 ° against each other have offset grooves in which the edges

Breaking the seals at certain points also allows the air spaces through limited openings Connect them together if this is desired for reasons of breathing or condensation drainage is.

In the case of thermal insulation building boards, in which the thermal insulation layer of the board is only surrounded by the weather-resistant, fiber-reinforced cover layer on the outside and the edges, but remains free on the inside, the thermal insulation layer consists of a weather-resistant plastic foam with a closed outer surface on which Condensation can run off without penetrating the core. As FIG. 12 shows, a second continuous plate 21 can be glued to the inside of such a thermal insulation layer 20, which is covered only on the outside and the edges by a solid cover layer 19 and edge strips 19 α Has hole 23 ao through which the head piece of a wall-mounted bracket 24 can be pushed after the cavity is filled with putty or mortar.

Claims (6)

25 claims: 1. Building exterior wall cladding made of thermal insulation panels, which is at least one their outer and edge surfaces covering moisture-proof, weather-resistant and Have solid cover layer that is spaced apart on brackets fixed on the building wall attached to the wall and sealed against each other on all sides and together with this wall is a vertical intermediate air layer in open communication with the outside air limit, characterized in that the also on its back against penetration from moisture-protected thermal insulation building boards (7) at least on the upper and side edges of the wall cladding for Formation of a standing insulating air layer (9) between wall (1) and, which is only open on the underside The cladding is sealed against the wall. 2. Wall covering according to claim 1, characterized in that between the wall (1) and the thermal insulation panels (7) additional seals are provided, which the insulation air layer subdivided by separate fields. 3. Wall covering according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the between the adjacent thermal insulation panels (7) provided seal (10) made of soft elastic Material of low thermal conductivity, such as foam plastic, is made and on its outside is covered by a weatherproof cover. 4. Wall cladding according to claim 3, characterized in that for the weather-resistant cover of the seal (10) at least on the outer surface of the cladding on two edges abutting each other at right angles of each heat-insulating building board (7) projecting edge strips (H ', 11' d) approximately in the plane of the board are provided are. 5. Wall covering according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that on the edges of the building walls to be clad designed as angle profiles known per se Thermal insulation panels (13) are arranged (Fig. 6). 6. Wall covering according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the Thermal insulation building boards (7) on at least one surface side initially perpendicular to the plane of the board running, protruding over the plate surface and then laterally outwards bent peripheral edge strips (15) are provided. For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings 909522/113