DE102015218753A1 - Method for producing a component - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a component by means of an additive method, wherein the component is produced from a plurality of layers of a powder, wherein the powder is melted at certain points by an energy beam, wherein a first number of layers is produced from a first powder, wherein a second number of layers of a second powder is produced, wherein the last layer of the first number of layers is completely fused by the energy beam, wherein after the manufacturing process, the individual powders are again cleanly separable.

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing a component and a component.

The production of components by means of so-called 3d printing is very promising especially for metallic materials, since components with completely new geometry can be produced. It is particularly challenging to produce parts made of different materials.

The DE 10 2007 029 052 A1 shows a method of manufacturing a component in an additive process from a plurality of starting materials. It should be noted, however, that not connected to the component starting material after the manufacturing process can not be recovered in sorted form.

The EP 2 319 641 A1 shows the production of components from several starting materials, wherein the second material is melted in the form of prefabricated parts on the first material. A layered structure is not possible.

With 3d printing there is the possibility to combine different materials. For example, can be applied to a substructure of a low-cost, easy-to-work material, a material that is particularly resistant to corrosion, erosion o. Ä.

This further material is applied so far in the preparation according to the prior art on the existing bed of powder of the first material. When the component is completed, it is taken from the so-called powder bed, which is composed of the individual layers of the powder. In the process, the various powders inevitably mix and are no longer usable for further use.

The object of the invention is to provide a method for producing a component in which a component is made of several different materials, wherein these are joined together in individual layers by energy beam melting, wherein the individual materials are separately recoverable after the preparation of the article.

This is achieved by according to the invention, a completely closed layer of the powder of the first material is formed before the second powder is applied. After the "coating" with the second material, this can be removed by itself, then the "film" is removed, which allows access to the powder of the first material, which can then also be recovered "sorted" again.

Of course, this method can be extended to any number of materials in any combination. It is only important that between two material layers each have a release layer is provided, which is formed from the existing material.

The inventive method comprises for producing a component by means of an additive method, wherein the component is made of several layers of a material in the form of a powder, wherein the powder is melted at certain points by an energy beam, wherein a first number of layers of a first powder wherein a second number of layers of a second powder is produced, wherein the last layer of the first number of layers is completely fused by the energy beam. This creates the necessary separation of the different materials later separation layer, which can be inserted in the current process of manufacturing the component.

Alternatively, the first layer of the second material may also be fused to form a full-surface layer. On the one hand, this can lead to slight mixing of the two materials, but on the other hand enables a secure connection of the second material to the first material.

It is also possible to apply a full-surface closed layer of both materials by melting the material.

By fusing a border line, ie the outermost region of the powder bed is achieved that the entire powder is enclosed in a kind of container. If this is done for each individual powder used, then the component can be removed after production together with the powder bed from the manufacturing plant, wherein the different powders do not mix with each other, which corresponds to a further embodiment of the invention.

Each embodiment of the invention provides that any number of material changes can be made, in each case ensured by the method according to the invention that a material is separated by a release layer of another material.

A component produced by the method according to the invention consists of individual layers of different materials, which have been joined together by means of an energy beam melting process.

These components are manufactured in a plant for the production of a component according to the method of the invention, this apparatus being provided with means for applying and removing at least two different powders to the component to be manufactured. This makes it possible to apply the powder required in each case in sufficient quantity and the desired layer thickness to the component and optionally also to remove it again. Thus, in one embodiment of this system, a suction device for removing a material is suitable.

Further advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the description of embodiments with reference to drawings and from the drawings themselves.

Showing:

1 a component which is produced by the process according to the invention.

In the 1 is a component during its preparation according to the inventive method shown. The system for producing such components is not shown, wherein the spatially limited space of the system can be seen at the boundaries of the section shown.

Made of a first material 2 In powder form, in the lower region of the figure, a first connected region was formed in several individual layers for the solid component 1 created by the first material was fused by means of an energy beam. For example, here an iron powder can be welded by means of a laser beam. The last layer became a full surface layer 3 merged so that the area of the first material laterally and downwards by limiting the installation space of the plant and up through the separation layer 3 is completed. Right on the shift 3 is the second powder 4 attached, that in one area 5 connected is. This may be, for example, an alloy in powder form, which is melted onto the iron layer.

The 1 shows as the uppermost layer a pure powder layer of the second material 4 that has not merged with any underlying layer at any point.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

First area connected

2

First powder

3

layer

4

Second powder

5

Second area connected

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102007029052 A1 [0003]
• EP 2319641 A1 [0004]

Claims (8)

A method for producing a component by means of an additive method, wherein the component is produced from a plurality of layers of a powder, wherein the powder is melted at certain points by an energy beam, characterized in that a first number of layers of a first powder is produced a second number of layers of a second powder is produced, wherein the last layer of the first number of layers is completely fused by the energy beam. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first layer of the first number of layers is completely fused by the energy beam. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each of the layers of the first number of layers in the edge region along an edge line is fused by the energy beam. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in each case after completion of a layer by full-surface fusion of the powder by means of energy beam, a further number of layers of a further powder is applied. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that after the production of the component by the fusion by means of energy beam, the non-fused powder is removed in layers, wherein each of the full-surface fused layer is opened. Component produced by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the component was prepared from different powders by means of an energy beam melting process of at least two different powders. Plant for the production of a component according to the method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the system is provided by means for applying and removing at least two different powders on the component to be manufactured Installation according to claim 7, characterized in that the means for removing powders on the component to be manufactured is a suction device.

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