CN219021482U - Pedicle screw placement instrument and pedicle screw system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pedicle screw setting device and a pedicle screw system, which belong to the technical field of medical devices. The pedicle screw setting device includes a pedicle screw rod for implanting a pedicle screw rod into a vertebral body. The nail setter includes a drive screwdriver, and the drive screwdriver includes a drive rod. The front end of the drive rod is provided with a drive head and a nail head wrap, and a longitudinal groove is provided on the nail head wrap, so that the nail head wraps the front It is arranged in splits; the outer sleeve of the outer shell of the screw head is provided with an outer tube that can move axially relative to the outer shell of the screw head and can drive the outer shell of the screw head to hold the screw head of the pedicle screw rod during the axial movement process. The pedicle screw setting instrument and the pedicle screw system of the utility model are suitable for split-structure pedicle screws, the screws are not easy to drop, and the operation is convenient.

Description

Pedicle screw placement instrument and pedicle screw system

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a pedicle screw setting instrument and a pedicle screw system.

Background technique

Spinal lesion is a disease that seriously affects the health of the patient. It will not only affect the patient's mobility, but also affect the patient's external image. In severe cases, it may even be paralyzed in bed. Spinal lesions usually include spinal arthritis, spinal fractures, scoliosis and ankylosing spondylitis and other types. Spinal fusion technology has obvious effects in the treatment of spinal lesions, because it has little damage to the spine, maintains the range of motion and stability of the spine, rebuilds the biomechanical properties of the intervertebral disc, prevents and reduces the degeneration of adjacent segmental discs, etc. Advantages, many hospitals have begun to use it in recent years.

In existing spinal surgery, doctors often use conventional pedicle screws to treat patients. Conventional pedicle screws usually include unidirectional screws and universal screws. The screw seat and screw rod are integrated or connected. , when inserting the nail, the nail seat and the nail rod need to be put into the surgical site at the same time, because the nail seat is attached, the volume is large, the field of vision is narrow, it is inconvenient to observe the nail placement operation during the operation, and the accuracy of the nail placement is low; in order to solve this problem There is also a pedicle screw in the prior art, the screw base and the screw rod are of a split structure, when the screw is placed, the screw rod can be implanted into the corresponding vertebral body first, and then the screw base is installed.

For pedicle screws with one-piece structure or connected structure, due to their widespread use, there have been many special screw-inserting instruments designed at present. There is no special screw-inserting instrument, and the conventional screwdriver is still used for operation. The pedicle screws are easy to fall off and the operation is inconvenient.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a pedicle screw suitable for a split structure, the screw is not easy to drop, and the pedicle screw setting device and pedicle screw system are easy to operate.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model provides technical solutions as follows:

On the one hand, there is provided a pedicle screw screw-setting instrument, the pedicle screw includes a screw base and a screw rod arranged separately, the upper end of the screw rod is provided with a screw head, and the pedicle screw screw set The instrument includes a setter for implanting a pedicle screw shank into a vertebral body, the setter comprising a drive screwdriver comprising a drive rod, wherein:

The front end of the driving rod is provided with a driving head for driving the screw head of the pedicle screw rod and a screw head outer arm for holding the screw head of the pedicle screw screw rod, and the outer arm of the screw head is provided with The longitudinal slit extending along its length direction makes the front part of the nail head wrapper be divided into petals; During the moving process, the screw head can be driven to embrace the outer tube holding the screw head of the pedicle screw rod.

Further, the nail head cover includes a sleeve part fixed on the driving rod and a holding part located at the front end of the sleeve part, the longitudinal slot is arranged on the holding part, so The outer tube is sheathed on the outside of the sleeve part;

And/or, the driving rod is provided with an adjustment device for driving the axial movement of the outer tube;

And/or, a driving handle is provided at the rear of the driving rod.

Further, the adjustment device includes a locking block sleeved on the driving rod, the front part of the locking block is axially fixed, and is driven and connected to the outer tube in a circumferential direction, and the locking block The rear screw fits on the drive rod.

Further, the outer tube includes a first tube part located at the front for being sleeved on the outside of the sleeve part and a second tube part used as a handle at the rear, and the outer diameter of the second tube part is Larger than the outer diameter of the first pipe part, the front part of the locking block is axially fixed and circumferentially rotatably driven to connect with the second pipe part.

Further, the rear end surface of the second pipe portion is provided with an annular groove, and a pin hole is provided on the locking block corresponding to the annular groove, and a pin is provided in the pin hole, so that The end of the pin extends into the annular groove;

And/or, the middle part of the drive rod is provided with an annular boss, and the rear part of the locking block is screw-fitted on the annular boss;

And/or, the sleeve part embraced by the nail head is embedded and fixed on the driving rod, the inner diameter of the first pipe part is equal to the outer diameter of the driving rod, and the inner diameter of the second pipe part is larger than the outer diameter of the drive rod;

And/or, the second pipe part is covered with an anti-slip sleeve;

And/or, the driving handle is a ratchet quick release handle.

Further, the pedicle screw setting instrument also includes a head setter for installing the pedicle screw seat on the screw rod, the head setter includes a sleeve and is located in the sleeve and the front end passes through Out of the core rod of the casing, wherein:

The front end of the mandrel is provided with a guide and positioning rod that matches the U-shaped groove of the pedicle screw seat, and the front end of the sleeve is provided with a guide and positioning rod that matches the pedicle screw seat at the rear of the guide and positioning rod. The threaded segment that matches the internal thread of the U-shaped groove.

Further, the guide positioning rod is T-shaped;

And/or, the rear end of the core rod is provided with a handle, and the rear end of the sleeve is axially fixed and circumferentially rotatable assembled on the handle;

And/or, the front end of the sleeve is provided with a front enlarged part behind the threaded section, and the front end surface of the front enlarged part forms a blocking surface for abutting against the upper end surface of the pedicle screw seat.

Further, the front end of the handle is provided with an insertion post, and the rear end of the sleeve is provided with a rear expansion part, and the rear expansion part is provided with an insertion port that matches the insertion post, wherein:

The outer surface of the rear expansion part forms a driving part for driving the sleeve to rotate;

And/or, the insertion column is provided with an annular groove, and a pin hole is provided at a position corresponding to the annular groove on the rear expansion part, and a pin is provided in the pin hole, and the end of the pin extends into into the annular groove.

On the other hand, a pedicle screw system is provided, including a pedicle screw and the above-mentioned pedicle screw placement instrument, the pedicle screw includes a screw seat and a screw rod arranged separately, and the nail seat There is a U-shaped groove for placing the connecting rod, the inner thread of the U-shaped groove is connected with a screw plug, and the upper end of the nail rod is provided with a nail head.

Further, a washer installation hole communicating with the U-shaped groove is provided under the nail seat, and a washer that can move up and down is provided in the washer installation hole, and the washer includes an elastic mounting part at the bottom and a The U-shaped bearing part of the upper connecting rod, the elastic mounting part is provided with a ball socket that matches the nail head, and the elastic mounting part is provided with a number of longitudinal slots;

The gasket installation hole includes a gasket expansion groove and a gasket through hole located at the lower end of the gasket expansion groove, and the outer surface of the elastic mounting part includes a space-avoiding matching surface on the upper part that matches the gasket expansion groove and a space-avoiding matching surface on the lower part that matches the gasket expansion groove. The locking and adhering surface matched with the washer through hole;

The lowest point of the groove of the U-shaped bearing part of the connecting rod is always higher than the lowest point of the groove of the U-shaped groove. When the screw plug locks and fixes the connecting rod, the washer moves downward in the washer mounting hole and the The ball socket of the elastic mounting part of the washer covers the nail head, so that the nail head is locked and fixed in the ball socket of the elastic mounting part.

The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

In the pedicle screw setting device and pedicle screw system of the present utility model, the nailer of the pedicle screw setting device includes a driving screwdriver, and the driving screwdriver includes a driving rod, and the front end of the driving rod is provided with a screwdriver for driving the vertebral arch. The driving head of the screw head of the pedicle screw and the screw head cover for holding the screw head of the pedicle screw screw rod, the screw head cover is provided with a longitudinal slot extending along its length, so that the screw head The front part of the arm is divided into flaps; the outer sleeve of the screw head outer arm is equipped with a device that can move axially relative to the outer arm of the nail head and can drive the outer arm of the nail head to hold the screw head of the pedicle screw during the axial movement. The outer tube, in this way, drives the outer tube to move axially relative to the screw head, so that the screw head can hold the pedicle screw shank screw head, and the pedicle screw shank screw can be driven by the driving head of the screwdriver The head is used to implant the pedicle screw rod into the vertebral body. It is suitable for the pedicle screw of the split structure. The screw is not easy to fall and the operation is convenient.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic view of the nailer in the pedicle screw screw setting instrument of the present invention, wherein (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view, and (c) is a front sectional view;

Fig. 2 is the use status diagram of the nailer in the pedicle screw screw setting instrument of the present utility model;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the head setter in the pedicle screw screw setting instrument of the present invention, wherein (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view, and (c) is a cross-sectional view;

Fig. 4 is a view of the use state of the head setter in the pedicle screw screw placement instrument of the present invention;

5 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the pedicle screw in the pedicle screw system of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the exploded structure of the pedicle screw in the pedicle screw system of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the nail seat of the pedicle screw in the pedicle screw system of the present invention, wherein (a) is a perspective view, and (b) is a cross-sectional view;

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the shank of the pedicle screw in the pedicle screw system of the present invention, wherein (a) is a front view, (b) is a top view, and (c) is a line drawing;

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the washer of the pedicle screw in the pedicle screw system of the present invention, wherein (a) is a front view, (b) is a front sectional view, (c) is a side view, and (d) is a side view cutaway view.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the utility model clearer, the following will describe in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

On the one hand, the utility model provides a pedicle screw screw placement instrument, as shown in Figure 1-9, the pedicle screw includes a screw seat 1 and a screw rod 2 arranged separately, and the upper end of the screw rod 2 is provided with a screw Head 21, the pedicle screw screw setting instrument includes a nail setter 8 for implanting the pedicle screw rod 2 into the vertebral body, the nail setter 8 includes a driving screwdriver, and the driving screwdriver includes a driving rod 81, wherein:

The front end of the driving rod 81 is provided with a driving head 83 for driving the screw head 21 of the pedicle screw shank 2 and a screw head outer hug 84 for holding the pedicle screw screw shank 2 screw head 21. 84 is provided with a longitudinal slit 843 extending along its length direction, so that the front part of the nail head outer embrace 84 is divided into petals; During the axial movement, the outer tube 85 of the screw head outer sleeve 84 to hold the screw head 21 of the pedicle screw rod 2 can be driven.

In the pedicle screw setting instrument of the present utility model, the nailer includes a driving screwdriver, and the driving screwdriver includes a driving rod. The screw head of the screw head holding the pedicle screw is covered, and the screw head cover is provided with a longitudinal groove extending along its length, so that the front part of the screw head cover is divided into flaps; the outer side of the screw head cover The sleeve is provided with an outer tube that can move axially relative to the screw head, and can drive the screw head to hold the pedicle screw shank screw head during the axial movement process, so that the outer tube can be driven axially relative to the screw head. Move the screw head to embrace the screw head of the pedicle screw rod, and use the driver head of the screwdriver to drive the screw head of the pedicle screw rod to implant the pedicle screw rod Vertebral body, suitable for pedicle screws with split structure, the screws are not easy to fall, and the operation is convenient.

Further, the nail head outer holding 84 may include a sleeve portion 841 fixed on the drive rod 81 and a holding portion 842 located at the front end of the sleeve portion 841, a longitudinal slot 843 is arranged on the holding portion 842, and the outer tube 85 Sleeved on the outside of the sleeve part 841; specifically, the inside of the holding part 842 can be a ball-and-socket shape that matches the nail head 21 of the pedicle screw shank 2 (specifically, it can be spherical, that is, a ball head), To better hold the nail head 21 of the pedicle screw rod 2 . An adjustment device for driving the outer tube 85 to move axially may be provided on the driving rod 81 so as to drive the outer tube 85 to move axially. A driving handle 82 may be provided at the rear of the driving rod 81 to facilitate the operation of the driving rod 81 .

The use process of the present utility model can refer to as follows:

When in use, hold the screwdriver, hold the screw head 84 at the front end of the drive rod 81 of the screwdriver on the nail head 21 of the pedicle screw screw rod 2, and insert the drive head 83 at the front end of the drive rod 81 into the vertebral arch screw rod 2 in the instrument drive groove (torx drive groove) 27, and then use the adjustment device to drive the outer tube 85 to move towards the direction of the holding part 842 relative to the sleeve part 841 of the nail head outer embrace 84, and the outer tube 85 gradually approaches The holding part 842, during this process, the outer shell 84 of the screw head is elastically deformed under the action of the longitudinal slot 843 and gradually hugs the screw head 21 of the pedicle screw shank 2 until the outer tube 85 and the holding part 842 When the end faces (the left end face in the figure) are in contact, the screw head embracing 84 completely hugs the screw head 21 of the pedicle screw shank 2, and finally rotates the drive handle 82 of the screwdriver to place the pedicle screw shank 2 on the vertebral body. to a proper position/height to complete the implantation of the pedicle screw rod 2; when it is necessary to remove the screw setter, use the adjustment device to drive the outer tube 85 away from the sleeve part 841 of the screw head outer embrace 84 The holding part 842 moves in the direction, and the outer tube 85 gradually moves away from the holding part 842. During this process, the screw head outer cover 84 recovers from elastic deformation under the action of the longitudinal groove 843 and gradually loosens the nail head of the pedicle screw rod 2 21, the nailer can be removed.

The adjustment device can adopt various structural forms that those skilled in the art can easily think of. For example, the adjustment device is a handle fixed on the side of the outer tube; To move, the utility model preferably adopts the following structural forms:

As shown in Figure 1, the adjusting device can include a locking block 86 sleeved on the drive rod 81, the front portion of the locking block 86 is axially fixed, and the peripheral rotatable driving connection outer tube 85, the locking block 86 The rear screw fits on the drive rod 81 . At this time, the locking block 86 is driven to rotate, and the locking block 86 can drive the outer tube 85 to accurately adjust the axial movement of the outer tube 85 relative to the sleeve portion 841 . The outer surface of the locking block 86 can be provided with longitudinal ribs to increase the frictional force and facilitate hand-held operation.

Further, the outer tube 85 may include a first tube part 851 located at the front for being sleeved on the outside of the sleeve part 841 and a second tube part 852 used as a handle at the rear. The outer diameter of the second tube part 852 is Larger than the outer diameter of the first tube part 851, the front part of the locking block 86 is axially fixed and driven to connect with the second tube part 852 in the circumferential direction, so that the operator can hold the second tube part 852 with one hand during the operation , the other hand rotates the driving handle 82 of the screwdriver to drive the pedicle screw rod 2 to a suitable position/height on the vertebral body. The process is more stable. The outer surface of the first tube part 851 may be provided with a window 855 to facilitate observing the position of the sleeve part 841 and reduce the frictional force when the first tube part 851 moves.

In order to make the front part of the locking block 86 axially fixed and circumferentially rotatable to drive and connect the second pipe part 852, the utility model preferably adopts the following structural form:

As shown in Figure 1, the rear end surface of the second pipe portion 852 can be provided with an annular groove, and the position corresponding to the annular groove is provided with a pin hole on the locking block 86, and a pin 853 is arranged in the pin hole, and the pin 853 The end extends into the ring groove.

In order to make the rear part of the locking block 86 screw fit on the drive rod 81 , the middle part of the drive rod 81 can be provided with an annular boss 811 , and the rear part of the locking block 86 is screw fitted on the ring boss 811 . The sleeve portion 841 of the nail head embracing 84 can be embedded and fixed on the driving rod 81, the inner diameter of the first pipe portion 851 is equal to the outer diameter of the driving rod 81, the inner diameter of the second pipe portion 852 is greater than the outer diameter of the driving rod 81, In this way, when the locking block 86 drives the outer tube 85 to move axially relative to the sleeve portion 841, only the first tube portion 851 contacts/slidably fits with the drive rod 81, and the second tube portion 852 does not contact the drive rod 81, thereby reducing The small frictional force makes it easier to drive the outer tube 85 to move axially relative to the sleeve portion 841 . An anti-slip sleeve 854 (made of POM or PPSU) can be sleeved on the second pipe portion 852 to increase friction and facilitate hand-held operation.

The driving handle 82 is preferably a ratchet quick-loading handle, so that during the process of rotating the driving handle 82 to place the nail, the driving handle 82 can only drive the driving rod 81 to rotate in the direction of screwing in the pedicle screw screw rod 2, and the force is unloaded in the opposite direction, which is convenient. It is easy to operate, and it can be disassembled after operation, which is convenient to place and carry, and can be used with other screwdriver tools with similar quick-release interfaces. 821 among the figure is exactly the ratchet fast loading structure of this handle.

As shown in Figures 3-4, the pedicle screw screw setting instrument can also include a head setter 9 for installing the pedicle screw seat 1 on the screw rod 2, the head setter 9 includes a sleeve 91 and a Inside the casing 91 and the front end passes through the core rod 92 of the casing 91, wherein:

The front end of the mandrel 92 is provided with the guide positioning bar 93 that cooperates with the U-shaped groove 11 of the pedicle screw screw seat 1, and the front end of the sleeve pipe 91 is provided with the pedicle screw seat 1 at the rear of the guide positioning bar 93. The internal thread of the U-shaped groove 11 matches the thread 95 segments.

During use, first hold the handle 94 of the head holder 9, and insert the guide positioning rod 93 at the front end of the core rod 92 into the opening of the U-shaped groove 11 of the pedicle screw seat 1, so as to limit the movement of the pedicle screw seat 1. degree of freedom of rotation, then align the threaded section 95 at the front end of the sleeve pipe 91 with the U-shaped groove 11 opening of the pedicle screw seat 1 and drive the sleeve pipe 91 to rotate, the threaded section 95 at the front end of the sleeve pipe 91 and the U-shaped groove 11 The occlusion of the internal thread 16 can limit all degrees of freedom of the pedicle screw seat 1, so as to firmly hold the pedicle screw seat 1, and finally the operator can hold the handle 94 horizontally or vertically to place the pedicle screw. The base 1 is fastened on the nail head 21 of the nail rod 2, and the assembly of the nail base 1 and the nail rod 2 is completed. The overall design of the head setter 9 in this embodiment is small, portable, and easy to operate, and the core rod 92 and the handle 94 are designed in one piece. knocking.

Further, the guiding and positioning rod 93 may be T-shaped, so as to better limit the degree of freedom of rotation of the pedicle screw seat 1 . The rear end of the core rod 92 can be provided with a handle 94 , and the rear end of the sleeve 91 is axially fixed and circumferentially rotatable assembled on the handle 94 , so that the core rod 92 can be operated by hand.

Further, the front end of the sleeve 91 can be provided with a front enlarged part 911 behind the threaded section 95, and the front end surface of the front enlarged part 911 forms a blocking surface 912 for abutting against the upper end surface of the pedicle screw seat 1, so as to Limit the screw-in depth of the threaded section 95. During the operation, when the blocking surface 912 fits with the upper end surface of the pedicle screw seat 1, the pedicle screw seat 1 can be firmly held, and the threaded section 95 can be dispersed. Stress is applied to avoid deformation and failure of the threaded section 95 due to excessive stress. The outer surface of the sleeve 91 may be provided with a window 916 to facilitate observation of the position of the core rod 92 and reduce friction when the sleeve 91 rotates.

In order to make the rear end of the sleeve 91 axially fixed and circumferentially rotatable assembled on the handle 94, the utility model preferably adopts the following structural form:

As shown in FIG. 3 , the front end of the handle 94 can be provided with an insertion column 941, and the rear end of the sleeve 91 is provided with a rear enlarged part 913, and the rear expansion part 913 is provided with an insertion port 914 matched with the insertion column 941. The insertion post 941 is provided with an annular groove, and the position corresponding to the annular groove is provided with a pin hole on the rear expansion part 913, and a pin 915 is arranged in the pin hole, and the end of the pin 915 extends into the annular groove. in the slot. The outer surface of the rear enlarged part 913 can form a driving part for driving the sleeve 91 to rotate, so as to facilitate the rotation of the drive sleeve 91 . The outer surface of the driving part can be provided with longitudinal convex ribs to increase the frictional force and facilitate hand-held operation.

On the other hand, the utility model provides a pedicle screw system, as shown in Fig. 1-9, which includes a pedicle screw and the above-mentioned pedicle screw placement instrument, and the pedicle screw includes a screw set separately Seat 1 and nail bar 2, nail seat 1 has the U-shaped groove 11 that is used to place connecting rod (titanium rod), and U-shaped groove 11 internal thread is connected with screw plug (not shown), and the upper end of nail bar 2 is provided with nail Head 21. Since the structure of the pedicle screw placement instrument is the same as above, it will not be repeated here.

In the pedicle screw system of the present utility model, the nailer of the pedicle screw screw setting instrument includes a driving screwdriver, the driving screwdriver includes a driving rod, and the front end of the driving rod is provided with a driving device for driving the screw head of the pedicle screw. The head and the nail head wrap for holding the head of the pedicle screw shank, the nail head wrap is provided with a longitudinal slot extending along its length, so that the front part of the screw head wrap is divided into two parts; The outer sleeve of the head outer sleeve is equipped with an outer tube that can move axially relative to the screw head outer sleeve and can drive the screw head outer sleeve to hold the pedicle screw shank screw head during the axial movement process, so that the outer tube is driven relative to the screw head. Axial movement of the outer embracing of the head can make the screw head embracing the screw head of the pedicle screw rod, and the driving head of the screwdriver can be used to drive the screw head of the pedicle screw to drive the screw head of the pedicle screw The rod is implanted in the vertebral body, suitable for pedicle screws with split structure, the screws are not easy to fall, and the operation is convenient.

For the specific structure of the pedicle screw, the utility model preferably adopts the following structural forms:

As shown in Figures 7 and 9, a washer installation hole 12 connected to the U-shaped groove 11 can be provided under the nail base 1, and a washer 5 that can move up and down is provided in the washer installation hole 12, and the washer 5 includes a The elastic mounting part 51 and the U-shaped bearing part 52 of the connecting rod on the upper part, the elastic mounting part 51 is provided with a ball socket 53 matching with the nail head 21, and the elastic mounting part 51 is provided with a number of longitudinal slots 54;

The gasket installation hole 12 includes a gasket expansion groove 121 and a gasket through hole 122 located at the lower end of the gasket expansion groove 121 (the gasket 5 is assembled into the gasket installation hole 12 from bottom to top). The air-avoiding mating surface 511 matched with 121 and the locking fitting surface 512 at the lower part matched with the washer through hole 122, the washer expansion groove 121 plays the role of buffering and avoiding the washer 5;

The lowest point of the groove of the U-shaped bearing part 52 of the connecting rod is always higher than the lowest point of the groove of the U-shaped groove 11. When the screw plug locks and fixes the connecting rod, the washer 5 moves downward in the washer mounting hole 12 and the elastic mounting part 51 of the washer 5 The ball socket 53 covers the nail head 21, so that the nail head 21 is locked and fixed in the ball socket 53 of the elastic mounting part 51.

When used during the operation, first use the nail setter 8 to hold the screw rod 2 and implant the screw rod 2 on the corresponding vertebral body. And buckle the nail seat 1 on the nail head 21 at the upper end of the nail rod 2, place the connecting rod in the U-shaped groove 11 of the nail seat 1, and then hold the screw plug and screw it in along the U-shaped groove 11, as the screw plug Continuously screwing in, the lower end surface of the screw plug gradually fits and squeezes the connecting rod, and the connecting rod squeezes the U-shaped bearing part 52 of the connecting rod of the washer 5, so that the washer 5 moves downward in the washer installation hole 12, and the elastic installation of the washer 5 The part 51 is gradually approaching the nail head 21 of the nail shank 2 and transmits force to the direction of the nail head 21, and is stretched by the nail head 21 at the gasket expansion groove 121, the elastic mounting part 51 wraps the nail head 21 to form a matching structure, and continues to screw into the screw plug, the matching structure continues to move downward in the washer mounting hole 12, and the locking fitting surface 512 of the elastic mounting part 51 gradually approaches the washer through hole 122 and presses and fits with the inner surface of the washer through hole 122, when the screw plug will When the connecting rod is locked and fixed in the U-shaped groove 11, the screw head 21 is locked and fixed in the ball socket 53 of the elastic mounting part 51 under the pressure of force, and the implantation of the pedicle screw can be completed.

Compared with the prior art, the U-shaped bearing part 52 of the connecting rod in this embodiment can carry the pressure on the connecting rod after the screw plug is locked and fixed, and the pressure can be evenly transmitted to the washer 5 and the nail rod 2 On the whole, the product is in a good condition, suitable for orthopedic surgery. The longitudinal slots 54 in this embodiment can only elastically deform the gasket 5 and will not damage it.

Further, as shown in (b) in FIG. 9, the distance L from the lowest point of the groove of the U-shaped bearing portion 52 of the connecting rod to its open end face is preferably smaller than the diameter of the connecting rod to be connected, that is, the U-shaped bearing portion 52 of the connecting rod The distance from the lowest quadrant of the groove to the end face of its U-shaped mouth is smaller than the diameter of the connecting rod to be connected.

As shown in Figures 7 and 9, the side of the U-shaped bearing part 52 of the connecting rod can be provided with a guide anti-rotation table 521, and the side of the U-shaped groove 11 is provided with a vertical guide anti-rotation groove 13 for accommodating the guide anti-rotation table 521, The outer diameter of the U-shaped bearing part 52 of the connecting rod at the guide anti-rotation table 521 is larger than the inner diameter of the washer through hole 122, and the U-shaped bearing part 52 of the connecting rod can be obliquely loaded into the washer through hole 122, and the guide anti-rotation table 521 and the guide anti-rotation groove 13 The washer 5 can move up and down in the axial direction to prevent its rotation from affecting the final locking of the pressing bar. The number of guiding anti-rotation tables 521 can be a pair and are located on both sides of the U-shaped bearing part 52 of the connecting rod.

The inner surface of the gasket through hole 122 may include a straight surface at the lower part and a tapered surface at the upper part, that is, the gasket through hole 122 is a tapered hole with a straight surface; The matching taper surface, the taper surface of the gasket through hole 122 and the taper surface of the locking fitting surface 512, the taper of the two taper surfaces can be 15-40 degrees, such as 15 degrees, 35 degrees, 36 degrees, 38 degrees , 39 degrees, to improve the extrusion fit effect between the locking fitting surface 512 of the elastic mounting part 51 and the inner surface of the washer through hole 122, which is more convenient for the ball socket 53 to hold/lock the fixed nail head 21, thereby ensuring the washer 5 and The screw head 21 of the screw rod 2 is safe and reliable during the assembly process and postoperative pedicle screw.

In order to prevent the washer 5 from coming out of the washer through hole 122 , the minimum inner diameter of the washer through hole 122 is preferably smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the elastic mounting portion 51 when the washer 5 is not stretched. The middle part of the washer 5 can be provided with a tool through hole 55, so as to facilitate the passage of the tool, and facilitate the adjustment of the pedicle screw that the nail seat 1 has been placed on the screw rod 2 during the operation, including adjusting the height of the pedicle screw or The pedicle screws are removed from the vertebral body and so on.

As shown in Figure 9, the inner surface of the ball socket 53 of the elastic mounting part 51 can be provided with several transverse grooves 531, and the contact position of the transverse grooves 531 and the nail head 21 can be provided with chamfers, which can save energy during processing. A tool for processing the transverse groove 531 can avoid product burrs, save subsequent deburring treatment, and save processing costs. At the same time, the transverse groove 531 and the three-line spiral groove structure or parallel groove on the nail head 21 of the nail shank 2 Structural coordination can achieve optimal static friction and balance.

As shown in FIG. 7 , the outer surface of the lower end of the nail holder 1 can be a guide arc surface 14 designed with a circular arc ending, which can reduce the irritation and damage of the incision tissue during the operation. The upper end of the nail base 1 can be provided with a pair of pulling grooves 15 on the two side walls of the U-shaped groove 11, so as to be used in conjunction with the lifting tool, and in order to ensure the unity of the tools, a pair of lifting grooves 15 are connected to the nail base 1. The distance from the upper end face is the same.

As shown in Figure 8, the screw head 21 can be provided with a three-line spiral groove structure or a parallel groove structure to increase the friction between the screw head 21 and the ball socket 53, and improve the overall performance after the pedicle screw is finally locked. The firmness of the structure. The screw thread 22 on the screw rod 2 is preferably a double thread structure, which can increase the screwing speed of the screw rod 2 on the vertebral body during the operation.

As shown in (c) in Fig. 8, both the large-diameter profile and the small-diameter profile of the screw thread 22 on the nail shank 2 can be a shuttle-shaped structure, and the shuttle-shaped structure includes a first tapered section 23 near the nail tip, and a The straight section 24 and the second tapered section 25 close to the nail head 21, the first tapered section 23 and the second tapered section 25 gradually widen from the nail tip to the nail head 21, which is called "cone". shape + linear + tapered" shuttle structure, so that the screw thread of the first tapered section 23 of the nail rod 2 can be screwed in quickly when it first enters the vertebral body, and the thread speed of the straight section 24 enters the vertebral body at a gentle speed. After the rod 2 is screwed into a proper position, the threads of the second tapered section 25 can increase the pull-out resistance of the screw rod 2 in the vertebral body. The nail tip position of the nail rod 2 can be provided with a self-tapping groove 26, which is convenient for discharging bone chips and increasing the nail setting speed. The nail head 21 of the nail rod 2 can be provided with an instrument driving groove (plum blossom driving groove) 27, so as to facilitate the driving of the instrument. Compared with other driving forms, the quincunx driving groove is evenly contacted with the equipment and the driving force is more stable and safer. The thread 16 in the U-shaped groove 11 of the nail base 1 can be a negative angle thread or a hook-lock thread.

To sum up, the pedicle screw in the present utility model is a modular series of pedicle screws used in spinal surgery, and is a modular "split" screw ("inverted" form), that is, the screw seat before use It is a non-connected structure with the nail rod. This product has a simple structure and high safety performance in mechanical verification. It greatly improves the production process to reduce inventory, lean production and management. The operation process of the pedicle screw in the utility model is easy to operate, the accuracy of screw placement is high, and the operation is convenient for observation, which can reduce or avoid the number of repetitions in the operation process, and when placing the screw, the short screw can be selected according to the actual position in the operation. Tail or long tail nail seat, the utility model can meet the needs of minimally invasive surgery or osteoporosis patients, and brings great convenience, safety guarantee and more choices for doctors in the operation process, and it can be used during the operation It can realize the switch from universal nail to one-way nail at the same time, which is convenient for intraoperative observation and nail placement, and is also suitable for orthopedic surgery. The notch height is low and the notch diameter is small.

The above description is a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, some improvements and modifications can also be made without departing from the principle of the present utility model. Retouching should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. a pedicle screw screw instrument, the pedicle screw comprises a screw seat and a screw rod that are arranged separately, the upper end of the screw rod is provided with a nail head, and the pedicle screw screw instrument includes The nail setter for implanting the pedicle screw rod into the vertebral body is characterized in that the nail setter includes a drive screwdriver, and the drive screwdriver includes a drive rod, wherein: The front end of the driving rod is provided with a driving head for driving the screw head of the pedicle screw rod and a screw head outer arm for holding the screw head of the pedicle screw screw rod, and the outer arm of the screw head is provided with The longitudinal slit extending along its length direction makes the front part of the nail head wrapper be divided into petals; During the moving process, the screw head can be driven to embrace the outer tube holding the screw head of the pedicle screw rod. 2. The pedicle screw screw placement instrument according to claim 1, wherein the screw head wrapping includes a sleeve portion fixed on the driving rod and a sleeve portion located at the front end of the sleeve portion. The holding part, the longitudinal groove is arranged on the holding part, and the outer tube is sleeved on the outside of the sleeve part; And/or, the driving rod is provided with an adjustment device for driving the axial movement of the outer tube; And/or, a driving handle is provided at the rear of the driving rod. 3. The pedicle screw setting instrument according to claim 2, wherein the adjusting device comprises a locking block sleeved on the driving rod, and the front part of the locking block is axially fixed 1. The outer tube is driven and connected in a circumferential direction, and the rear part of the locking block is screw-fitted on the driving rod. 4. The pedicle screw instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that, the outer tube includes a first tube part located at the front part for being sleeved on the outside of the sleeve part and a tube part located at the rear part for As the second pipe part of the handle, the outer diameter of the second pipe part is larger than the outer diameter of the first pipe part, and the front part of the locking block is fixed in the axial direction and connected to the Second tube. 5. The pedicle screw placement instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that, the rear end surface of the second tube portion is provided with an annular groove, and the locking block corresponds to the annular groove. The corresponding position is provided with a pin hole, the pin hole is provided with a pin, and the end of the pin extends into the annular groove; And/or, the middle part of the drive rod is provided with an annular boss, and the rear part of the locking block is screw-fitted on the annular boss; And/or, the sleeve part embraced by the nail head is embedded and fixed on the driving rod, the inner diameter of the first pipe part is equal to the outer diameter of the driving rod, and the inner diameter of the second pipe part is larger than the outer diameter of the drive rod; And/or, the second pipe part is covered with an anti-slip sleeve; And/or, the driving handle is a ratchet quick release handle. 6. The pedicle screw screw placement instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, the pedicle screw screw placement instrument also includes a head setter for installing the pedicle screw seat on the screw rod , the head anchor includes a sleeve and a core rod located in the sleeve and the front end passes through the sleeve, wherein: The front end of the mandrel is provided with a guide and positioning rod that matches the U-shaped groove of the pedicle screw seat, and the front end of the sleeve is provided with a guide and positioning rod that matches the pedicle screw seat at the rear of the guide and positioning rod. The threaded segment that matches the internal thread of the U-shaped groove. 7. The pedicle screw placement instrument according to claim 6, wherein the guide positioning rod is T-shaped; And/or, the rear end of the core rod is provided with a handle, and the rear end of the sleeve is axially fixed and circumferentially rotatable assembled on the handle; And/or, the front end of the sleeve is provided with a front enlarged part behind the threaded section, and the front end surface of the front enlarged part forms a blocking surface for abutting against the upper end surface of the pedicle screw seat. 8. The pedicle screw placement instrument according to claim 7, characterized in that, the front end of the handle is provided with an insertion column, and the rear end of the sleeve is provided with a rear expansion part, and the rear expansion part There is a plug-in interface matched with the plug-in column inside, wherein: The outer surface of the rear expansion part forms a driving part for driving the sleeve to rotate; And/or, the insertion column is provided with an annular groove, and a pin hole is provided at a position corresponding to the annular groove on the rear expansion part, and a pin is provided in the pin hole, and the end of the pin extends into into the annular groove. 9. A pedicle screw system, characterized in that it comprises a pedicle screw and the pedicle screw screw setting instrument described in any one of claims 1-8, and the pedicle screw includes a split-body set A nail base and a nail rod, the nail base has a U-shaped groove for placing a connecting rod, the U-shaped groove is internally threaded with a screw plug, and the upper end of the nail rod is provided with a nail head. 10. The pedicle screw system according to claim 9, characterized in that, a washer installation hole communicating with the U-shaped groove is provided under the screw seat, and a washer installation hole is provided in the washer installation hole that can be moved up and down. A moving washer, the washer includes an elastic mounting part at the lower part and a U-shaped bearing part of the connecting rod at the upper part, the elastic mounting part is provided with a ball socket matched with the nail head, and the elastic mounting part is Provided with a number of longitudinal slots; The gasket installation hole includes a gasket expansion groove and a gasket through hole located at the lower end of the gasket expansion groove, and the outer surface of the elastic mounting part includes a space-avoiding matching surface on the upper part that matches the gasket expansion groove and a space-avoiding matching surface on the lower part that matches the gasket expansion groove. The locking and adhering surface matched with the washer through hole; The lowest point of the groove of the U-shaped bearing part of the connecting rod is always higher than the lowest point of the groove of the U-shaped groove. When the screw plug locks and fixes the connecting rod, the washer moves downward in the washer mounting hole and the The ball socket of the elastic mounting part of the washer covers the nail head, so that the nail head is locked and fixed in the ball socket of the elastic mounting part.

Images