CN205185315U - Three -dimensional duplicator of 3D - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a 3D three-dimensional copying machine, which can copy three-dimensional objects. The 3D stereo copier is characterized in that it includes a 3D stereoscopic scanning instrument connected with a computer and a 3D stereoscopic printer. The 3D computer model data of the object is obtained by three-dimensional scanning of the three-dimensional object, and then the 3D computer model is sliced along the Z axis according to the molding accuracy; the 3D computer model is printed out by using a 3D printer. The entire scanning and printing process is integrated in one system. The utility model copies three-dimensional objects, so it is called a 3D three-dimensional copier.

Description

3D copier

technical field

The utility model relates to a 3D three-dimensional copier device, which can copy three-dimensional objects to obtain a 3D three-dimensional copy.

Background technique

At present, the plane copying technology is already very mature, whether it is plane graphics, images or text, it can be copied with a copier, and it can also be copied in color. However, how to carry out three-dimensional copying is still an unresolved technical problem.

On the one hand, stereoscopic scanning technology is available now, through which computer data of 3D objects can be obtained, and these 3D models in the computer can be processed to obtain 3D stereoscopic SLT files. On the other hand, with the emergence of 3D printing technology, there are many ways to realize 3D printing, such as StereoLithography Appearance (SLA for short), which is the earliest rapid prototyping process or the earliest 3D printing technology. The light source used in SLA technology is laser, which has the characteristics of single wavelength, small spot size and high power density. Through precise control of the scanning head, it can realize high-precision and high-precision forming of parts. However, the existing SLA system is complex in design, and the laser is irradiated from top to bottom. In the molding process, in order to ensure the smoothness of the resin liquid processing surface, complex devices are needed to adjust the liquid level flatness, which makes the overall system volume too large and expensive. Expensive; for this reason, people have developed a small desktop SLA, and the laser is irradiated from the bottom upwards. In recent years, the projection technology of digital light processing DLP has emerged, which is projected from the bottom upwards. The resin can be cured in the molding process by surface projection. This surface exposure curing method is much faster than SLA from point to line, then from line to surface, and then layer by layer. It needs a resin tank, and the resin is poured into the resin tank in advance, and the light is irradiated on the resin to solidify the resin layer by layer. However, since these 3D printing technologies are realized by layer-by-layer printing, as the layer thickness decreases, the number of printing layers increases, and the printing time is very long. Usually, the printing process takes several hours. Other 3D printing technologies include 3DP (three-dimensional printing), SLS (selected laser sintering) and SLM (selected laser melting) and so on.

Based on the above considerations, we use the combination of three-dimensional scanning and 3D printing technology to invent this three-dimensional copier. The utility model is an essential innovation to the existing plane copying machine, which will greatly promote the development of copying technology.

Contents of the invention

The utility model combines the 3D scanning technology with the 3D printing technology, uses the 3D stereo scanner to scan the three-dimensional object to obtain the computer data of the three-dimensional object, and then uses the computer to layer the three-dimensional computer data, and then uses the 3D printing technology, Print out the 3D model to achieve the purpose of 3D copying. In order to shorten the copying time, use scanning for three-dimensional scanning, and use 3D printing technology for 3D printing and molding. The entire copying process can be completed within tens of minutes.

The 3D copier is characterized in that it includes a 3D scanning instrument connected with a computer and a 3D printer; the 3D printer is a desktop 3D printer.

Further, the printing material of the 3D stereo printer is a non-metallic material.

The application method of the 3D copier is characterized in that: when copying starts, 3D scanning is performed on the three-dimensional object. After the computer obtains the 3D stereoscopic data, the 3D data is layered, and then the layered data is transmitted to the 3D stereoscopic printing room, where 3D printing is performed to obtain a 3D object that is consistent with the shape of the 3D object to be copied.

Further, the 3D stereo printer does not use a desktop 3D printer but another solution. Including 3D stereoscopic projection system, resin box, and computer-controlled laser; 3D stereoscopic projection system is composed of x, y scanning galvanometer plus galvanometer in Z axis direction; resin box is made of transparent material around, photosensitive resin is poured in advance The photosensitive resin is in a transparent liquid state at room temperature, and can be cured and solidified only when light is irradiated and the light intensity exceeds its curing threshold.

At the beginning of printing, the resin box is filled with photosensitive resin first, and then the 3D stereoscopic projection system is turned on. The laser beam passes through the resin box and irradiates on the photosensitive resin to form a 3D image in the resin. The exposure curing time is controlled by the computer, and the photosensitive resin is subjected to The part that is irradiated by the laser and the light intensity exceeds its curing threshold undergoes a photochemical reaction and then solidifies, and the part that is not irradiated is still liquid resin; the 3D resin model is "printed" after curing.

Further, the longer the irradiation time, the higher the curing strength of the resin.

Further, the laser is visible laser.

Further, the laser is a green laser with a wavelength of 530nm, or a red laser with a wavelength of 800nm.

The working principle of the utility model: the 3D stereoscopic copy has two core parts, one is a 3D stereoscopic scanning system, and the other is a 3D printing system. The 3D stereoscopic scanning system adopts the current general 3D scanning technology, that is, the structured light is projected onto the object , take pictures, and obtain the three-dimensional computer data of the object. The 3D printing system uses a light-curing 3D printer to quickly complete the rapid printing of 3D data. These two systems are all controlled by computer control system. Before copying starts, you can set the copy size, such as 1:1 or M:N for copying. You can set the copy quality, such as fine, normal, rough. The system consists of x, y scanning galvanometers and Z-axis focusing galvanometers. The light passes through the x, y scanning galvanometer to form a planar image, and the planar image forms a 3D stereoscopic image under the action of the focusing galvanometer in the Z-axis direction. Before printing, fill the photosensitive resin tank with transparent photosensitive resin liquid, and slice the 3D model in the computer along the Z axis to obtain a series of x, y plane data of the 3D model along the Z axis; print After the start, under the control of the computer, the laser scans the galvanometer along the xy direction and the focusing galvanometer along the Z axis to form a 3D stereoscopic image in space. The 3D stereoscopic image is projected into the transparent photosensitive resin tank. Since the transparent liquid photosensitive resin is used, the laser light can pass through the photosensitive resin and focus on the inside of the resin. The laser beam does not pass through the photosensitive resin at the focal point. Since the light intensity does not reach the threshold required for curing, no reaction will occur. Only when the energy density at the focal point of the laser is higher than the curing threshold, the resin will be cured and solidified. As the irradiation time increases, the strength of the resin curing area also increases. The resin at the focal point of the laser solidifies and solidifies, while the resin not at the focal point remains liquid. After the curing is completed, take out the cured 3D model from the resin and complete the printing.

Technical characterictic of the present utility model:

1. Before printing, place the object to be "copied" on the turntable in the 3D scanning chamber and rotate it 360 degrees.

2. 3D scanning uses a green laser with a wavelength of 532nm as structured light and takes pictures with two cameras.

3. When the object rotates, the camera shoots all sides of the object to obtain 3D data;

4. The computer slices the 3D data along the Z-axis direction to obtain a series of two-dimensional sliced images along the Z-axis direction;

5. Input the series of two-dimensional sliced images into the 3D printer according to a certain ratio.

6. The 3D printer receives the data and performs 3D printing to obtain a certain proportion of "copies".

In the utility model, the devices covered by the three-dimensional copying equipment include: a computer control system, a 3D scanning room, and a 3D printing room.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional copier.

In the figure: 11, the three-dimensional object to be copied, 12, the 3D scanning room, 13, the computer system, 14, the 3D printing room, 15, the 3D copying.

Fig. 2 is a special case of the 3D three-dimensional printer in the embodiment of the utility model.

detailed description

First of all, it is necessary to point out that this embodiment is only used to further illustrate the utility model, and should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the utility model.

The overall device is shown in Figure 1. Before copying, you can set the quality of copying. There are three copying qualities: fast copying for poor quality copies, standard copying for normal quality copies, and slow copying for higher quality copies. quality copy. The computer system 13 sends the setting parameters to the stereoscopic scanning room 12 and the 3D stereoscopic printing room 14 respectively, which are respectively used to control the precision of the stereoscopic scanner and the printing precision. The high-quality setting has high scanning accuracy and slow scanning speed; the large number of printing layers will result in slow printing; the low-quality setting has low scanning accuracy and fast scanning speed. The number of printing layers is small and the printing speed is fast. The three-dimensional object 11 to be copied is placed in the 3D scanning room 12, and there is a rotatable glass tray in the scanning room. When copying starts, the three-dimensional object rotates 360 degrees. Since the tray is transparent glass, the scanner can scan the three-dimensional object in all directions. After scanning, the computer system reconstructs the scanned data and performs layered processing , enter the 3D printing room, start the 3D printing program to print in the 3D printing room. Considering the cost in this embodiment, an ordinary desktop 3D printer is used, and the layer thickness is 0.5 mm. After the printing is completed, a copy consistent with the original three-dimensional shape is obtained. If the surface treatment of the copy is required, the surface of the copy can be polished, electroplated, painted or colored.

A more excellent overall device for 3D printing is shown in Figure 2. During assembly, the Z-axis focusing vibrating mirror 6 adopts a voice coil motor, and the vibration frequency of reciprocating motion is greater than 20 Hz; the resin tank 1 is filled with transparent photosensitive resin 2 . In this embodiment, a laser 7 emitting a 532nm green laser is used, the photosensitive resin material is SOMOS material, and the threshold value is 50mw/cm ² . Both the Z-axis focusing galvanometer 6 and the XY scanning galvanometer 5 are coated. Before printing starts, use 3D software on the computer to process the STL 3D model (with a diameter of 100mm and a height of 200mm) in layers along the Z-axis direction, with a layer thickness of 0.1mm, and obtain a series of The x,y scan of the 2D layered graph. Adjust the focal length of the Z-axis focusing galvanometer so that the focal point is at the bottom of the liquid tank. In the first step, in order to facilitate the removal of the model, first place an iron plate on the bottom of the liquid tank, and in the second step, turn on the laser 7, and use the computer control system 8 to project the three-dimensional model to the resin 2 in the resin tank 1 with the laser beam 4 passing through the vibrating mirror. superior. Irradiate for 2 minutes to cure the light-irradiated resin. After the curing is completed, turn off the laser 7, take out the iron plate from the resin tank, solidify the resin model 3 on the iron plate, clean the model with alcohol, obtain a three-dimensional solid model, and complete the printing process. If surface treatment is required, the removed model can be baked under higher energy ultraviolet light for secondary curing. Or polish, electroplate, spray paint or color the surface of the model.

Claims (2)

1. The 3D copier is characterized in that: it comprises a 3D scanning instrument connected with a computer and a 3D printer; the 3D printer is a desktop 3D printer; the printing material of the 3D printer is a non-metallic material. 2. 3D stereo copier according to claim 1, is characterized in that: 3D stereo printer comprises 3D stereo projection system, resin box and the laser device of computer control; 3D stereo projection system adds Z axis by x, y scanning vibrating mirror The galvanometer is composed of vibrating mirrors in the same direction; the resin box is made of transparent materials around, and the photosensitive resin is poured into the resin box in advance; the photosensitive resin is a transparent liquid at room temperature, and can only be cured and solidified when it is irradiated with light and the light intensity exceeds its curing threshold. .