CN204484293U - Based on the high voltage pulse calculosis therapy system of plasma - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a plasma-based high-voltage pulse human body stone treatment system, which comprises an endoscope device, a stone breaker for generating high-voltage pulses, an electrode probe connected to the stone breaker through a transmission cable, and a stone breaker through a transmission cable. A foot switch whose cables are connected to the stone breaker, wherein the electrode probes are inserted into and directly contact with the stones in the human body. The utility model utilizes the principle of contact stone crushing, and after the electrode probe is extended into contact with the stone, the stone crusher generates a high-voltage pulse to crush the stone, so that the high-voltage pulse generates a plasma explosion inside the stone, and crushes the stone in a concentrated manner. , the required energy level is low, the harm to the human body is small, and the crushing energy can be precisely controlled each time, the use is safe and reliable, and the removal of stones is efficient and fast. It has broad application prospects and is suitable for popularization and application.

Description

Plasma-based high-voltage pulse human stone treatment system

technical field

The utility model relates to an electronic medical device for treating human calculus, in particular to a plasma-based high-voltage pulse human calculus treatment system and its application method.

Background technique

Human stones are solid masses formed in the lumen of ducts or lumens of luminal organs (such as kidneys, ureters, gallbladder or bladder, etc.) in the human body. It is mainly found in the gallbladder, bladder, and renal pelvis, and can also be found in the lumens of pancreatic ducts and salivary ducts. Stones are composed of inorganic salts or organic matter. There is generally a core in the stone, which is composed of exfoliated epithelial cells, bacterial masses, parasite eggs or worms, fecal matter or foreign matter, and inorganic salts or organic matter are deposited on the core layer by layer. Due to the different organs involved, the stone formation mechanism contains different components, shapes, textures, and effects on the body. In general, stones can cause luminal obstruction, affect the drainage of fluid from the affected organs, and produce symptoms such as pain, bleeding, or secondary infection.

At present, the types of medical lithotripters are mainly divided into extracorporeal shock wave lithotripters and intracavitary lithotripters. In vitro lithotripters are mainly divided into hydraulic type, electromagnetic type and piezoelectric type. Intracavitary lithotripters are mainly divided into ultrasonic lithotripters, hydraulic electric lithotripters, laser lithotripters, and pneumatic lithotripters.

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is widely accepted by patients because of its non-invasive treatment method. It has the advantages of little tissue damage and high success rate. However, the effect of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy on incarcerated and staghorn stones is not good, and the patient needs to receive X-ray radiation during X-ray localization treatment, which will cause additional damage to the patient's body.

The hydraulic-electric extracorporeal impact lithotripter has been widely used in clinical practice, but its shock wave energy is large, the noise is also loud, the electrode is consumed, and the damage to the tissue is relatively large. The extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy requires the use of supporting accessories and occupies a fixed space. The room (about 30 square meters) is a relatively large investment. Moreover, the equipment maintenance and other expenses are also considerable, which virtually increases the medical cost. The stress generated by the electrohydraulic lithotripter is stronger than that of the ultrasonic lithotripter, and the cost of use is lower. However, the shock wave generated by the electrohydraulic lithotripter is not focused. There is damage to the tissue, and the energy obtained by the stone is unstable each time. If the operation is not done properly, the endoscope will be damaged.

The ultrasonic transducer of the intracavitary ultrasonic lithotripter will produce atomization during operation, which will affect the effect of the endoscope. The stress generated by ultrasonic vibration on the stone surface is small, and the stone crushing effect is not good.

Laser lithotripsy is a relatively new lithotripsy method at present. The laser energy has the advantages of large pulse voltage and stable pulse frequency. The lithotripsy effect is better. It can be equipped with a soft endoscope. Electric ones are shorter. However, this type of laser equipment is expensive, the energy output is not stable, the maintenance of the equipment is difficult, consumable optical fibers are required, and the operating cost is high.

Pneumatic cavity lithotripter, the probe cup in the cavity is not charged, does not generate heat, the impact rod directly contacts the stones to crush the stones, the stone crushing efficiency is high, and the treatment time is short.

In terms of the choice of intracavity lithotripsy endoscopes, hydraulic, ultrasonic and pneumatic types can only perform lithotripsy through rigid endoscopes, and the use of some parts is limited. Laser lithotripters can be crushed through soft endoscopes. Stone, with the endoscope into the body part is basically not restricted.

For the high-voltage pulse crushing technology, it has been applied in engineering in mining, construction machinery, oil drilling, sewage treatment, wood drying, and construction machinery. However, if it is to be applied in the field of human calculus treatment, there are still problems such as the crushing of brittle materials by plasma high-voltage discharge, high-voltage safety issues, lower energy levels to reduce damage to surrounding tissues and organs, and the impact on the type of stones. There are many problems such as the adaptability of the patient and the comprehensive operation on the patient's part.

Utility model content

In order to overcome the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a plasma-based high-voltage pulse human stone treatment system that can act on the inside of the stone and precisely control the energy of the broken stone with little damage to surrounding tissues and organs.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:

Plasma-based high-voltage pulse human body stone treatment system, including an endoscope device, a stone breaker for generating high-voltage pulses, an electrode probe connected to the stone breaker through a transmission cable, and connected to the stone breaker through a cable A foot switch, in which the electrode probes extend into and directly contact with the stones in the human body.

Further, the electrode probe includes a connector plugged into the transmission cable, a flexible conductor connected to the connector at one end, a flexible insulating layer covering the flexible conductor, and a flexible insulating layer arranged at the other end of the flexible conductor And a metal shielding ring kept at a certain distance from the flexible conductor, wherein the flexible conductor is matched with the endoscope device, and one end of the metal shielding ring of the flexible conductor is in direct contact with the stone. The electrode probe is a coaxial cable structure, the flexible conductor forms a point-shaped high-voltage electrode in the center of the interior, and the metal shielding ring at the end of the flexible conductor forms a ring-shaped ground electrode. The metal shielding ring not only serves as the ground electrode for high-voltage pulse discharge, but also serves as a shielding layer for high-voltage pulses, shielding electromagnetic radiation generated by high-voltage pulses, limiting the spread of shock waves generated by high-voltage pulses, and avoiding damage to electrode probes and stones. The human tissue around the contact point, but only acts on the stone at the contact point of its end. By rationally designing the high-voltage pulse parameters, the high-voltage pulse can be discharged inside the stone. When the wavelength of the shock wave generated by it is less than a certain threshold, the shock wave that diffuses to the outside of the stone can be rapidly attenuated, so that the energy is limited within the safe threshold. Do not harm surrounding human tissue.

Preferably, the common diameter of the flexible conductor and the flexible insulating layer in the electrode probe is 0.5-3mm. Electrode probes with different diameters are selected according to different surgical sites, different surgical types, and different stone properties. This extremely small-diameter discharge electrode design allows the electrode probe to reach the surgical site smoothly.

In order to ensure safety, the peak voltage of the stone breaker is lower than 9kV, and its stored energy is lower than 5J. The problem of the high-voltage safety peak has been obtained through a large number of clinical trials, which can ensure that under the condition of the energy level of the effective gravel, the discharge of the gravel will cause little harm to the human body. It should be noted that the peak voltage of static electricity generated on people's clothes can be as high as tens of kV. And in the development process, the diameter of the flexible conductor used as the discharge electrode should be designed as small as possible to reduce its energy level, so as to facilitate all-round surgery on the patient's part.

Specifically, the endoscope device includes an optical wire with a built-in optical fiber, a cold light source lens arranged at one end of the optical wire, an image collector arranged at the other end of the optical wire, and a display module connected to the image collector, wherein, The flexible conductor and the flexible insulating layer are integrated and matched with the optical wire.

In order to facilitate the fixation of the stones and the contact with the electrode probes, and prevent the stones from moving and bouncing away during the crushing process, the electrode probes are also provided with stone net pockets side by side, and the extendable distance of the stone net pockets is greater than that of the electrode probes. distance. The calculus net bag can be contracted into dots or lines when it is inserted, and can be manually expanded or contracted during use, so that the broken calculus particles can be taken out of the human body.

The principle of the utility model is based on the theory of contact stone crushing: for a solid block with certain characteristics (such as urinary stones) immersed in liquid, when an electric pulse with a pulse width of nanoseconds is applied to it, the solid block will Electrical breakdown occurs internally. Note that this electrical breakdown does not occur on the surface of the solid block, but inside the solid block. After the breakdown, a plasma channel is formed inside the solid block. The plasma channel is formed according to the principle of minimum energy. Generally, at the connection surface of the inhomogeneous solid medium, when the power density reaches a certain threshold, a plasma explosion occurs, and the shock wave effect generated by the plasma explosion causes Solid pieces shattered.

Because the source of the shock wave in this theory is inside the stone (solid block), the force is concentrated, the wavelength of the shock wave is short, and the required energy level is low, which can reduce the damage to the human body, and the energy of each broken stone can be precisely controlled by the device . Therefore, compared with other lithotripsy methods (such as air pressure and laser), it can reduce the damage to surrounding tissues and cause less trauma to surrounding organs. Due to the principle of electric breakdown inside the stone, the utility model has no limitation on the hardness of the stone, and can be applied to all kinds of stones, such as urinary tract stones (hard stones, inorganic stones), gallstones (soft stones, organic stones) gallstones), etc.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

(1) This utility model utilizes the principle of contact lithotripsy. After the electrode probe is extended into contact with the stone, the stone crusher generates a high-voltage pulse to crush the stone, so that the high-voltage pulse produces a plasma explosion inside the stone. Stone crushing requires a low energy level, has little harm to the human body, and can precisely control the energy of crushing stones each time. It is safe and reliable to use, and it is efficient and fast to remove stones. It has broad application prospects and is suitable for popularization and application.

(2) The utility model has determined the peak voltage problem of high voltage safety through clinical tests, controlled the peak voltage of the stone crusher below 9kV, and stored energy below 5J. In the case of low energy levels, the damage to the human body is minimal .

(3) The utility model further reduces the energy level of the discharge by controlling the diameter of the flexible conductor used as the discharge electrode to be kept in a small state, and also solves the problem of performing all-round surgery on the patient's part.

(4) In the utility model, stone net pockets are arranged side by side on the electrode probes, and cooperate with the electrode probes to ensure that the position of the stones is fixed during the process of crushing stones, so that stone fragments will not pop out of the realization range of the endoscope device , solve the matching problem with the flexible endoscope device, and further reduce the energy level.

(5) The utility model realizes the plasma explosion inside the stone through the high-voltage pulse of the nanosecond level, forming a shock wave source, which greatly reduces the energy level, realizes the complete removal of the stone, and realizes different hardness and composition Stone crushing and structure, so that the applicability of the utility model is wider; and it can also be combined with medical effects such as plasma cutting, ablation, hemostasis and shrinkage, etc., to realize the possibility of stone crushing and diseased parts can be treated at the same time , so that the utility model can carry out a full range of surgical treatment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a structural block diagram of the stone breaker in the utility model.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the electrode probe in the utility model.

Fig. 4 is a partial schematic diagram of the electrode probe in the utility model when the stone is crushed at the calculus site.

Detailed ways

The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The implementation of the utility model includes but not limited to the following examples.

Example

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the plasma-based high-voltage pulse human body stone treatment system includes an endoscope device 10, a stone breaker 1 for generating high-voltage pulses, and an electrode connected to the stone breaker through a transmission cable 2 The probe 3, and the foot switch 4 connected to the stone breaker through cables, wherein the electrode probes extend into and directly contact with the stones 11 in the human body.

Specifically, the electrode probe includes a connector 5 plugged into the transmission cable, a flexible conductor 6 connected to the connector at one end, a flexible insulating layer 7 covering the flexible conductor, and a flexible conductor arranged at the other end of the flexible conductor. A metal shielding ring 8 on the insulating layer and kept at a certain distance from the flexible conductor, wherein the flexible conductor is matched with the endoscope device, and one end of the metal shielding ring of the flexible conductor is in direct contact with the stone. Preferably, the common diameter of the flexible conductor and the flexible insulating layer in the electrode probe is 0.5-3 mm.

In order to ensure safety, the peak voltage of the stone breaker is lower than 9kV, and the energy storage is lower than 5J.

Specifically, the endoscope device includes an optical wire with a built-in optical fiber, a cold light source lens arranged at one end of the optical wire, an image collector arranged at the other end of the optical wire, and a display module connected to the image collector, wherein, The flexible conductor and the flexible insulating layer are integrated and matched with the optical wire.

In order to facilitate the fixing of stones and the contact with the electrode probes, and prevent the stones from moving and bouncing away during the crushing process, the electrode probes are also provided with stone net pockets 9 side by side, and the extendable distance of the stone net pockets is greater than that of the electrode probes. Extended distance.

During use, the steps of the utility model are as follows:

(1) Insert the endoscopic device together with the electrode probe into the calculus site;

(2) Under the guidance of the image feedback from the endoscope device, adjust the position of the electrode probe so that it can effectively contact the stone;

(3) The calculus is caught by the calculus mesh set side by side on the electrode probe, so that the electrode probe and the calculus are in stable contact;

(4) According to the stone condition, adjust the relevant parameters of the high-voltage pulse through the stone crusher;

(5) Start the stone breaker, and discharge and break the stones through the electrode probe.

(6) Take out the small stone fragments one by one through the stone mesh bag, or continue to discharge the large stone fragments until the stones are removed.

The foregoing embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not limitations of the protection scope of the present utility model, but all the design principles of the present utility model, and the changes made by non-creative work on this basis, all should belong to the present utility model. within the scope of the new protection.

Claims (7)

1. based on the high voltage pulse calculosis therapy system of plasma, comprise endoscope apparatus, it is characterized in that, also comprise the calculus crusher for generation of high voltage pulse, by the electrode catheter that transmission cable is connected with calculus crusher, and by the foot switch that cable is connected with calculus crusher, wherein, electrode catheter stretches into and directly contacts with the calculus in human body.

2. the high voltage pulse calculosis therapy system based on plasma according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described electrode catheter comprises the union joint with transmission cable grafting, the fexible conductor that one end is connected with union joint, be coated on the flexible insulating layer outside fexible conductor, and the flexible insulating layer being arranged at the fexible conductor other end keeps the metallic shield ring of certain intervals with fexible conductor, wherein, described fexible conductor mates with endoscope apparatus, and metallic shield ring one end of fexible conductor directly contacts with calculus.

3. the high voltage pulse calculosis therapy system based on plasma according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in described electrode catheter, fexible conductor and the common diameter of flexible insulating layer are 0.5 ~ 3mm.

4. the high voltage pulse calculosis therapy system based on plasma according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the voltage peak of described calculus crusher is lower than 9kV.

5. the high voltage pulse calculosis therapy system based on plasma according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the energy storage of described calculus crusher is lower than 5J.

6. the high voltage pulse calculosis therapy system based on plasma according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described endoscope apparatus comprises the photoconduction line of built-in light guide fiber, be arranged at the cold light source camera lens of photoconduction line one end, be arranged at the image acquisition device of the photoconduction line other end, and the display module to be connected with image acquisition device, wherein, fexible conductor and flexible insulating layer mate with photoconduction line is integrated.

7. the high voltage pulse calculosis therapy system based on plasma according to any one of claim 2 ~ 6, it is characterized in that, described electrode catheter has also been arranged side by side the calculus string bag, and the extensible distance of this calculus string bag is greater than the extensible distance of electrode catheter.