CN111292190A - Transaction generation method, block creation method, related device and equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a transaction generation method, a block creation method, a related device and equipment, wherein the transaction generation method comprises the following steps: the first node receiving a roll-out instruction, the roll-out instruction for instructing transfer of the first digital asset from the transaction address of the first node to the transaction address of the second node; further, at least one UTXO is selected from the residual digital assets of the first node, so that first transaction data are generated according to the at least one UTXO and the transfer-out instruction, and the first transaction data are uploaded to the block chain network; wherein the first transaction data has the at least one UTXO as a transaction input for the first transaction data, a total remaining digital asset of the UTXO for the output of the first transaction data being equal to 0 or greater than a target threshold; therefore, the generation of dust transaction is avoided, and the operation efficiency of the block chain network is improved.

Description

Transaction generation method, block creation method, and related devices and equipment

technical field

The present application relates to the field of Internet technologies, in particular to the field of data processing technologies, and in particular, to a transaction generation method, a block creation method, and related devices and equipment.

Background technique

In the world of blockchain technology, "dust" is an extremely small amount of currency or token that people can usually ignore. Taking bitcoin as an example, the smallest unit of bitcoin is 1 satoshi, which is 0.00000001 bitcoin, and usually we consider the amount less than a few hundred satoshis as dust. That is, dust is a small fraction of a transaction or amount that is usually not worth trading because their transaction fees are often higher than they are worth.

At present, dusting attack is a problem facing the blockchain field. The process of dusting attack is: the implementer of the dusting attack generates a "dusting" transaction (also known as "dusting") by generating a small amount of satoshi to the transaction addresses of a large number of users. It is a dust transaction), and then, trace the dust transaction and associate other associated addresses of the address. By reading these associated addresses for behavior analysis, the company or individual behind an address can be analyzed, destroying the anonymity of Bitcoin itself. Further, after being attacked, it is easy to launch a phishing threat. Moreover, a large number of dust transactions will generate a large number of transactions to be packaged, causing block congestion, increasing transaction fees, and reducing the operating efficiency of the blockchain network.

How to reduce the generation of dust transactions is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in the current blockchain technology field.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The embodiments of the present application provide a transaction generation method, a block creation method, and related devices and equipment, which can avoid the generation of dust transactions and improve the operation efficiency of the blockchain network.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a transaction generation method, which is applied to a node of an initiator of a transaction in a blockchain network, and the method includes:

receiving a transfer-out instruction, where the transfer-out instruction is used to instruct the transfer of the first digital asset from the transaction address of the first node to the transaction address of the second node;

Select at least one unspent transaction output (UnspentTransaction Output, UTXO) from the remaining digital assets of the first node, wherein the remaining digital assets include M UTXOs, where M is a positive integer;

The first transaction data is generated according to the at least one UTXO and the transfer-out instruction; the first transaction data uses the at least one UTXO as the transaction input of the first transaction data, and the output of the first transaction data is The total remaining digital assets of UTXO is equal to 0 or greater than the target threshold;

Upload the first transaction data to the blockchain network.

In a possible implementation, the total remaining digital asset of the at least one UTXO is equal to the first digital asset or the difference between the total remaining digital asset of the at least one UTXO and the first digital asset is greater than the target threshold.

In a possible implementation, the selecting at least one UTXO from the remaining digital assets of the first node specifically includes:

A UTXO obtained in the remaining UXTO set is added to the UTXO set, and the remaining UXTO set is the UTXO other than the UTXO set in the M UXTOs;

When the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the UTXO set are equal to the first digital asset, determine that the UTXO set is the at least one UTXO;

When the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the UTXO set are greater than the first digital assets and the difference between the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the UTXO set and the first digital assets is greater than the target threshold, determine the UTXO set is the at least one UTXO;

When the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the UTXO set is less than the first digital asset, the step of adding one UTXO obtained in the remaining UXTO set to the UTXO set is repeatedly performed.

In a possible implementation, the selecting at least one UTXO from the remaining digital assets of the first node specifically includes:

According to the remaining digital assets of each UTXO in the M UTXOs, sort the M UTXOs in descending order of the remaining digital assets;

It is determined that the first i UTXOs among the M UTXOs are the at least one UTXO, wherein the total remaining digital assets of the first i UTXOs are not less than the first digital assets, and if i is less than M is a positive integer.

Optionally, the total remaining digital assets of the first i-1 UTXOs are less than the first digital assets.

Optionally, the difference between the total remaining digital assets of the first i UTXOs and the first digital assets is equal to 0 or greater than the target threshold.

In a possible implementation, the first transaction data further includes transaction fees, and the method further includes:

When the difference between the total remaining digital assets of the at least one UTXO and the first digital asset is smaller than the target threshold, the difference is used as the transaction fee for the first transaction data.

In a possible implementation, the transfer-out instruction further includes transaction information, and the method further includes:

Identify the transaction type of the transaction information according to the transaction information;

According to the corresponding relationship between the transaction type and the threshold, the type of the transaction information is determined to determine the target threshold.

In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a method for creating a block, which is applied to a mining node in a blockchain network, and the method includes:

obtaining the first transaction data uploaded by the first node into the blockchain network, where the first transaction data is used to instruct the transfer of the first digital asset from the transaction address of the first node to the transaction address of the second node, The first transaction data uses at least one UTXO as the transaction input of the first transaction data, the total remaining digital assets of the UTXO output from the first transaction data is equal to 0 or greater than the target threshold, and the at least one UTXO is from Selected from the remaining digital assets of the first node, the remaining digital assets of the first node include M UTXOs, where M is a positive integer;

According to the first transaction data, the first transaction data is written into a block, wherein the input of the block is the at least one UTXO.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a transaction generation device, which is applied to a node of an initiator of a transaction in a blockchain network, including:

a receiving unit, configured to receive a transfer-out instruction, where the transfer-out instruction is used to instruct to transfer the first digital asset from the transaction address of the first node to the transaction address of the second node;

A selection unit, configured to select at least one unspent transaction output (Unspent Transaction Output, UTXO) from the remaining digital assets of the first node, wherein the remaining digital assets include M UTXOs, and M is a positive integer;

A generating unit, configured to generate first transaction data according to the at least one UTXO and the transfer-out instruction; the first transaction data uses the at least one UTXO as the transaction input of the first transaction data, and the first transaction data The total remaining digital assets of the UTXO output of the transaction data is equal to 0 or greater than the target threshold;

an uploading unit, configured to upload the first transaction data to the blockchain network.

In a possible implementation, the total remaining digital asset of the at least one UTXO is equal to the first digital asset or the difference between the total remaining digital asset of the at least one UTXO and the first digital asset is greater than the target threshold.

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a block creation device, which is applied to a mining node in a blockchain network, including:

an acquisition unit, configured to acquire the first transaction data uploaded by the first node into the blockchain network, where the first transaction data is used to instruct the transfer of the first digital asset from the transaction address of the first node to the second The transaction address of the node, the first transaction data uses at least one UTXO as the transaction input of the first transaction data, and the total remaining digital assets of the UTXO output from the first transaction data is equal to 0 or greater than the target threshold, the At least one UTXO is selected from the remaining digital assets of the first node, and the remaining digital assets of the first node include M UTXOs, where M is a positive integer;

The creating unit is configured to create a block from the first transaction data according to the first transaction data, wherein the input of the block is the at least one UTXO.

In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a transaction generation device, including a processor and a memory, the processor and the memory are coupled, wherein the memory is used to store computer instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer instructions to cause the transaction generating device to implement the method as claimed in the first aspect or any one of the first aspects.

In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a block creation device, including a processor and a memory, the processor and the memory are coupled, wherein the memory is used for storing computer instructions, and the processor is used for executing the Computer instructions to cause the block creation apparatus to implement a method as claimed in any one of the first or second claims.

In a seventh aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, where one or more computer instructions are stored in the computer storage medium, and the one or more computer instructions cause the computer to be invoked by the computer. A method as claimed in the first aspect or any one implementation of the first aspect is implemented.

In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program, when the computer program is run by a computer device, the method as claimed in the first aspect or any one of the first aspects is implemented.

In a ninth aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer storage medium stores one or more computer instructions, and the one or more computer instructions cause the computer to be invoked by the computer. A method as claimed in the second aspect or any one implementation of the second aspect is implemented.

In a tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program, when the computer program is run by a computer device, the method as claimed in the second aspect or any one of the second aspects is implemented.

In this embodiment of the present application, the first node receives a transfer-out instruction, and the transfer-out instruction is used to instruct the transfer of the first digital asset from the transaction address of the first node to the transaction address of the second node; further, from the first node At least one UTXO is selected from the remaining digital assets of , so that the first transaction data is generated according to the at least one UTXO and the transfer instruction, and the first transaction data is uploaded to the blockchain network; wherein, the first transaction data is represented by the at least one UTXO. UTXO is used as the transaction input of the first transaction data, and the total remaining digital assets of the UTXO output from the first transaction data is equal to 0 or greater than the target threshold; thus avoiding the generation of dust transactions and improving the operation efficiency of the blockchain network.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments. For those of ordinary skill, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a blockchain network provided by an embodiment of the present application;

2 is a schematic diagram of a data structure of a blockchain provided by an embodiment of the present application;

3 is a schematic flowchart of a transaction generation method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

4A is a schematic flowchart of a method for implementing a first node to select at least one UTXO from the remaining digital assets of the first node according to an embodiment of the present application;

4B is a schematic flowchart of another implementation method for the first node to select at least one UTXO from the remaining digital assets of the first node provided by an embodiment of the present application;

4C is a schematic flowchart of a method for implementing a method for determining that the first i UTXOs among the M UTXOs are at least one UTXO provided by an embodiment of the present application;

5 is a schematic flowchart of a block creation method provided by another embodiment of the present application;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of a transaction generation provided by an embodiment of the present application;

7 is a schematic structural diagram of a block creation provided by an embodiment of the present application;

8 is a schematic structural diagram of another transaction generation provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another block creation provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

First, the concepts involved in the embodiments of the present application are described:

(1) Blockchain: Blockchain is a new application mode of computer technology such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithm. Blockchain, essentially a decentralized database, is a series of data blocks associated with cryptographic methods. Each data block contains a batch of network transaction information to verify the validity of its information. security (anti-counterfeiting) and generating the next block. The blockchain can include the underlying platform of the blockchain, the platform product service layer, and the application service layer.

Blockchains are generally divided into three types: Public Blockchain, Private Blockchain and Consortium Blockchain.

Among them, the most decentralized is the public chain. Common public chains include Bitcoin and Ethereum. Nodes/participants who join the public chain can read the data on the chain, publish transactions, and compete for the accounting rights of new blocks. Moreover, each node/participant can join freely. And exit the public chain. The private chain is the opposite. The accounting authority of the private chain is controlled by an organization or institution, and the data reading authority is also controlled by the organization or institution. There are few participants and cannot join the private chain at will, and it needs to be reviewed by the organization or institution. .

The consortium chain is also known as the community blockchain, which refers to the blockchain whose consensus process is controlled by pre-selected nodes. It is a mixture of public and private chains and can achieve "partial decentralization". Each node on the chain usually has a corresponding entity or organization; participants join the network through authorization and form a stakeholder alliance to jointly maintain the operation of the blockchain. With consortium chains, new participants can join an already formed blockchain and share data without having to build it from scratch. At the same time, by jointly solving common problems, the company reduces development costs and time expenses.

Whether it is a public chain, a private chain or a consortium chain, it is possible to provide the function of smart contracts. Smart contracts on the blockchain are contracts that can be triggered and executed by transactions on the blockchain system. Smart contracts can be defined in the form of code.

(2) Shared ledger, which is used to provide functions such as storage and query of data fingerprints, and send the record data of operations on files or devices (also referred to as logs and benchmark data in this application) to the blockchain network. Other nodes, after the other nodes verify that they are valid, store the recorded data in the temporary block, and can also send confirmation to the node that initiated the operation.

(3) Smart contracts, computerized agreements, which can execute the terms of a contract, are implemented through the code deployed on the shared ledger for execution when certain conditions are met, and the code is used to complete automated transactions according to actual business needs. , smart contracts are not limited to executing contracts for transactions, but can also execute contracts that process received information.

(4), public key, private key, transaction address

Nodes that join the blockchain network have a pair of public and private keys, which can be created by an asymmetric encryption algorithm. For example, a node can randomly generate a private key first, and then, based on the principle of asymmetric encryption algorithm, calculate the public key from the private key. , and then through a series of digital signature operations with the public key, the transaction address (also known as the wallet address) can be obtained. That is to say, knowing the public key of a node, the transaction address of the node can be calculated. In some embodiments, the public key may also serve as a wallet address or an identification of a wallet address.

The asymmetric encryption algorithm may include, but is not limited to: Elgamal algorithm, Rabin algorithm, Diffie-Hellman algorithm, and Elliptic Curve Encryption (ECC) algorithm. Among them, the key pair includes a public key and a private key; the public key is usually broadcast to the blockchain network, and the private key is kept by the node. It should be noted that the public and private keys in the blockchain network are unique.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a blockchain network 100 according to an embodiment of the present application. The blockchain 100 includes a plurality of blockchain node devices (also referred to in this application as nodes), such as node 101, node 102, node 103, node 104, and the like. Although the blockchain network 100 shown in FIG. 1 includes four nodes, it should be appreciated that in practical applications, the blockchain system 100 may include more or fewer nodes. Optionally, each node can be each client in the blockchain network, and can be electronic devices such as mobile phones, personal computers, tablet computers, vehicle-mounted units, servers, etc., or applications.

In order to ensure the information intercommunication within the blockchain network 100, there may be an information connection between each node in the blockchain network 100, and information may be transmitted between the nodes through the above-mentioned information connection. For example, when any node in the blockchain network receives transaction data for the first time, it verifies the legality of the transaction data. When the transaction data is legal, it can broadcast the transaction data to its neighbor nodes, so as to facilitate the blockchain network. Other nodes receive transaction data. It should be understood that after the node receives the same transaction data again, it will no longer broadcast it to neighbor nodes, so as to avoid the infinite spread of transaction data.

In one scenario, the node 101 may be the initiator of the transaction data (also referred to as the first node in this application), and the first node may receive a transfer-out instruction, which is used to instruct the transfer of the first digital asset from the Transfer the transaction address of the first node to the second node (receiver of digital assets), such as the transaction address of node 103; further, check all the UTXOs of the first node, from the remaining digital assets of the first node At least one UTXO is selected in the middle; thus, the first transaction data is generated according to the at least one UTXO and the transfer-out instruction. The first transaction data uses the at least one UTXO as the transaction input of the first transaction data, and the total remaining digital assets of the UTXO output from the first transaction data is equal to 0 or greater than the target threshold to avoid dust Generation of transactions.

Further, the first node uploads the first transaction data to the blockchain network.

The node 102 and the node 104 may be mining nodes. After receiving the first transaction data, the mining node writes the first transaction data into the block according to the first transaction data, wherein the input of the block is the At least one UTXO. After the mining node generates the block, it publishes the block to the blockchain network. The propagation method of the new block is similar to the propagation method of transaction data, so I will not repeat it. The mining node that receives the new block can detect the block. The legality of the content, and whether the block is on the longest legal chain, and each mining node can store the largest legal chain to ensure the consistency of the data stored by each mining node.

In one implementation, each node in the blockchain network 100 may store an identical blockchain. The blockchain consists of multiple blocks. It should be understood that the blockchain includes a series of blocks (Blocks) that follow each other in chronological order. Once a new block is added to the blockchain, it will not be removed. , the block records the record data submitted by the nodes in the blockchain system. Every node in a blockchain network stores an identical blockchain. The blockchain consists of multiple blocks, as shown in FIG. 2 , which is a schematic diagram of the data structure of a blockchain provided by the embodiment of the present application. The blockchain consists of multiple blocks, and the initial block includes a block header. and block body, the block header stores transaction data, version number and timestamp, etc., and the block body stores transaction data; the next block of the genesis block takes the genesis block as the parent block, and the same in the next block Including the block header and block body, the block header stores the transaction data of the current block, the hash value, version number and timestamp of the data in the parent block, and so on, so that each block in the blockchain The block data stored in the block is associated with the block data stored in the parent block, which ensures the security of the transaction data in the block.

Optionally, the blockchain may record various transaction data associated with associated node devices through an Unspent Transaction Output (UTXO) model. Among them, the unspent transaction output refers to the transaction output that does not appear in the transaction input of other blocks in the blockchain.

The block body may include at least one transaction input, such as transaction input in1, transaction input in2, etc., and at least one transaction output, such as transaction output out1, transaction output out2, and so on. For each transaction output, it can include the address in the blockchain network of the previous block of the UTXO corresponding to the transaction output, such as the hash value of the previous block; it can also include the remaining digital assets and digital signatures of the transaction output. , the address of the recipient of the digital asset, etc.

Optionally, each node in the blockchain network may store only the blockchain associated with that node. Each blockchain can record transaction data related to the associated node.

The following introduces a transaction generation method provided by the embodiment of the present application. The method can be executed by the initiator of the transaction. In the embodiment of the present application, the initiator of the transaction is a node in the blockchain network, which is also referred to as the first node here. As shown in Figure 3, the method includes but is not limited to some or all of the following steps:

S11: Receive a transfer-out instruction, where the transfer-out instruction is used to instruct to transfer the first digital asset from the transaction address of the first node to the transaction address of the second node.

The first node may receive the transaction information input by the user based on the client, and the transaction information may include the first digital asset, the asset transfer party (the identifier of the first node), the asset transfer party (the identifier of the second node), the transaction additional information, etc., wherein, the transaction additional information may include the transaction type of the transaction information, the detailed information of the transaction, and the like. The detailed information of the transaction may include the product or service exchanged by the first digital asset. For example, when the transaction is detailed information, the first node spends the first digital asset to exchange the specified product, such as a mobile phone, to the second node.

The transaction types may include, but are not limited to, small-value transactions, medium-value transactions, and large-value transactions. A small-value transaction can be a transaction in which the transaction asset (here, the first digital asset) is less than the first threshold, a medium-value transaction can be a transaction in which the transaction asset is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, and a large-value transaction can be a transaction in which the transaction asset is greater than the first threshold. Two-threshold transactions, etc. The first threshold is smaller than the second threshold.

It should be understood that the transaction types are distinguished by the products or services purchased in the transaction. For example, the transaction types may include daily necessities transactions, electronic product transactions, video content transactions, and the like. Transaction types can also be divided in other ways, which are not limited here.

Optionally, after S11, the method may further include: the first node identifies the transaction type of the transaction information according to the transaction information; determines the type of the transaction information and determines the target threshold according to the corresponding relationship between the transaction type and the threshold. Furthermore, the size of the target threshold is dynamically adjusted to better adapt to different transaction scenarios.

S12: Select at least one UTXO from the remaining digital assets of the first node, wherein the remaining digital assets include M UTXOs, and M is a positive integer.

The first node can find its remaining digital assets, that is, the balance, that is, to find out all the UTXOs of the first node. Here, the first node includes M UTXOs as an example for illustration. It should be understood that the total number of UTXOs included in the first node is constantly changing as the first node publishes transactions, and the total number of UTXOs may be different for different nodes.

In order to avoid the generation of dust transactions, method 1: The difference between the total remaining digital assets (also called the total balance) of the input UTXO in the generated transaction data and the first digital assets can be equal to 0 or greater than the target threshold, which is required to be selected here. The total remaining digital assets of the at least one UTXO of 1 is equal to the first digital asset or the difference between the total remaining digital assets of the selected at least one UTXO and the first digital asset is required to be greater than the target threshold. Method 2: When the difference between the total remaining digital assets of the input UTXO in the generated transaction data (also referred to as the total balance) and the first digital asset is less than the target threshold, the difference can be forced as a transaction fee. It should be understood that the difference between the total remaining digital assets of the selected at least one UTXO and the first digital asset refers to the difference between the total remaining digital assets of the selected at least one UTXO minus the first digital asset, and the difference is greater than 0. .

For Bitcoin, the target threshold can be 1000 satoshi (that is, 0.00001 Bitcoin), 2000 satoshi (that is, 0.00002 Bitcoin), 900 satoshi (that is, 0.00001 Bitcoin), or some other value.

For other digital currencies, the target threshold may also be other thresholds, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

Corresponding to the above-mentioned mode 1 or mode 2, the selection of at least one UTXO by the first node from the remaining digital assets of the first node may include but are not limited to the following three implementations:

Implementation (1):

As shown in Figure 4A, the implementation (1) may include but not be limited to the following steps:

S121: Add one UTXO obtained from the remaining UXTO set to the UTXO set, and the remaining UXTO set is the UTXO except the UTXO set among the M UXTOs.

It should be understood that before the initial execution of S121, the remaining UXTO set is a set of M UTXOs, and the UTXO set is an empty set; after the initial execution of S121, the UTXO set includes one UTXO obtained during the initial execution of S121.

S122: Compare the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the UTXO set with the size of the first digital asset.

When the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the UTXO set are equal to the first digital asset, execute S123; when the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the UTXO set is greater than the first digital asset, execute S124; if all UTXOs in the UTXO set are When the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the UTXO set are greater than the first digital assets, then execute S124; when the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the UTXO set are less than the first digital assets, execute S121 repeatedly to instruct the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the UTXO set to not less than the first digital asset.

S123: Determine that the set of UTXOs is at least one UTXO.

When the remaining digital assets of the UTXO to be selected are equal to the first digital asset, the UTXO to be selected is selected.

S124: Determine whether the difference between the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the UTXO set and the first digital asset is greater than the target threshold, if so, execute S123, otherwise, execute S121, and repeatedly execute S124 until the total of all UTXOs in the UTXO set is The difference between the remaining digital assets and the first digital assets is greater than the target threshold.

It can be seen that the above implementation (1) can ensure that the transaction output is greater than the target threshold and avoid generating dust transactions.

Implementation (two):

As shown in Figure 4B, this realization (2) may include but not be limited to the following steps:

S125: According to the remaining digital assets of each UTXO in the M UTXOs, sort the M UTXOs in descending order of the remaining digital assets;

S126: Determine that the first i UTXOs among the M UTXOs are at least one UTXO, wherein the total remaining digital assets of the first i UTXOs are not less than the first digital assets.

Wherein, as shown in FIG. 4C, the embodiment (1) of S126 may be:

S1261: Select the first i UTXOs from the sorted M UTXOs.

S1262: Compare the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the first i UTXOs with the size of the first digital asset.

When the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the first i UTXOs are equal to the first digital asset, execute S1263; when the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the first i UTXOs are greater than the first digital assets, execute S124; When the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the i UTXOs are greater than the first digital asset, execute S124; when the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the UTXO set is less than the first digital asset, repeat S121 until all UTXOs in the UTXO set are The total remaining digital asset is not less than the first digital asset.

S1263: Determine that the first i UTXOs are at least one UTXO.

S1264: Determine whether the difference between the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the first i UTXOs and the first digital asset is greater than the target threshold, if so, execute S1263 and S13, otherwise, i=i+1, repeat S1261, and repeat S1264 is performed until the difference between the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the first i UTXOs and the first digital assets is greater than the target threshold.

The implementation (1) of this S126 can ensure that the selected at least one UTXO, that is, the difference between the total remaining digital assets of the first i UTXOs before the final output and the first digital asset is equal to 0 or greater than the target threshold, avoiding the generation of dust transactions.

In the embodiment (2) of S126, similar to the embodiment (1), when the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the first i UTXOs are equal to the first digital asset, then execute S1263. The difference is that when the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the first i UTXOs are greater than the first digital assets, the first node can execute S1263, and when the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the first i UTXOs are less than the first digital assets , i=i+1, and execute S1261 repeatedly until the difference between the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the first i UTXOs and the first digital assets is greater than the target threshold.

In the embodiment (2) of S126, the selected at least one UTXO is the first i UTXO, and the first i-1 UTXO must be smaller than the first digital asset. Although this embodiment (2) cannot guarantee that the transaction output is greater than the target threshold, the process is simple and the running speed is fast.

Realization (3)

In implementation (3), there is no limitation on the manner of the selected at least one UTXO. The first node can arbitrarily select at least one UTXO from the M UTXOs or select at least one UTXO by other means, as long as the selected at least one UTXO satisfies that the total remaining digital assets are not less than the first digital assets.

Not limited to the above three implementations of selecting at least one UTXO, the embodiments of the present application may also include other implementations, which will not be repeated here.

S13: Generate first transaction data according to at least one UTXO and a transfer-out instruction. The first transaction data uses at least one UTXO as the transaction input of the first transaction data, and the total remaining digital assets of the UTXO output from the first transaction data is equal to 0 or greater than the target threshold.

Optionally, the first transaction data may include the identifier of the first node, the identifier of the second node, information of the selected at least one UTXO, the first digital asset, and the like. Wherein, the identifier of the first node may be the public key or transaction address of the first node; the identifier of the second node may be the public key or transaction address of the second node; the information of the UTXO may include the address of the previous block of the UTXO ( such as the hash value of the previous block), remaining digital assets, etc. Wherein, the first transaction data has a fixed data format, and the meaning of each data included in the first transaction data is determined.

For the implementation (2) of S126 in the implementation (2) of the above-mentioned selection of at least one UTXO, the first transaction data may also include transaction fees, and the first node may determine the first i UTXOs in the process of generating the first transaction data. Whether the difference between the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs and the first digital asset is greater than the target threshold, and if the difference between the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the first i UTXOs and the first digital asset is less than the target threshold, the difference will be used as the first The transaction fee of the first transaction data; otherwise, the first transaction data does not contain the transaction fee, or the transaction fee is 0.

It should be understood that, corresponding to the above-mentioned implementation (3), the first node can determine whether the difference between the total remaining digital assets of the selected at least one UTXO and the first digital assets is greater than the target threshold in the process of generating the first transaction data, If the difference between the total remaining digital assets of the selected at least one UTXO and the first digital asset is less than the target threshold, the difference is used as the transaction fee for the first transaction data; otherwise, the first transaction data does not contain transaction fees, or Transaction fees are 0.

It should also be understood that, for other implementations, the first transaction data may also include transaction fees, but the total remaining digital assets of the selected at least one UTXO after the first digital assets and transaction fees are removed. The remaining difference may be equal to 0, or greater than target threshold.

S14: Upload the first transaction data to the blockchain network.

After the first node publishes the first transaction data to the blockchain network, the nodes in the blockchain network verify the legitimacy of the first transaction data after receiving the first transaction data of Aogai for the first time. Neighbor nodes broadcast the first transaction data. After receiving the first transaction data, the mining node generates a new block and publishes the new block after verifying the legality of the first transaction data. Wherein, in the process of generating a block by the mining node, at least one UTXO selected in the first transaction data is used as the input of the block.

As shown in FIG. 5 , a method for creating a block provided in an embodiment of the present application can be executed by a mining node in a blockchain network, wherein, in a public chain, such as Bitcoin, the mining node can It is any node in the blockchain network, that is to say, any node can compete for the right to create a block. The block generation method can include but is not limited to the following steps:

S21: Acquire first transaction data, wherein, for a specific description of the first transaction data, reference may be made to the relevant description in the embodiment of the transaction generation method above, and details are not repeated here.

S22: Write the first transaction data into the block according to the first transaction data, wherein the input of the block is at least one UTXO.

Further, mining nodes can publish new blocks generated to the blockchain network.

It should be understood that other mining nodes can also generate new blocks and publish the blockchain network. Each mining node can receive new blocks, detect the validity of the block content, and check whether the block is on the longest legal chain. Furthermore, each mining node can store the largest legal chain to ensure that each mining Mining nodes store data consistently.

Based on the descriptions of the above method embodiments, an embodiment of the present application further proposes a transaction generation device, the transaction generation device can run in the first node, and the transaction generation device can be a computer program (including a computer program) running in the first node program code), client; please refer to Fig. 6, the transaction generating device 60 may include or may run the following units:

a receiving unit 601, configured to receive a transfer-out instruction, where the transfer-out instruction is used to instruct to transfer the first digital asset from the transaction address of the first node to the transaction address of the second node;

A selection unit 602, configured to select at least one unspent transaction output (Unspent Transaction Output, UTXO) from the remaining digital assets of the first node, wherein the remaining digital assets include M UTXOs, and M is a positive integer ;

The generating unit 603 is configured to generate first transaction data according to the at least one UTXO and the transfer-out instruction; the first transaction data takes the at least one UTXO as the transaction input of the first transaction data, and the first transaction data The total remaining digital assets of the UTXO output of a transaction data is equal to 0 or greater than the target threshold;

The uploading unit 604 is configured to upload the first transaction data to the blockchain network.

In a possible implementation, the total remaining digital asset of the at least one UTXO is equal to the first digital asset or the difference between the total remaining digital asset of the at least one UTXO and the first digital asset is greater than the target threshold.

In a possible implementation, the selecting unit 602 is specifically configured to:

A UTXO obtained in the remaining UXTO set is added to the UTXO set, and the remaining UXTO set is the UTXO other than the UTXO set in the M UXTOs;

When the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the UTXO set are equal to the first digital asset, determine that the UTXO set is the at least one UTXO;

When the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the UTXO set are greater than the first digital assets and the difference between the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the UTXO set and the first digital assets is greater than the target threshold, determine the UTXO set is the at least one UTXO;

When the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the UTXO set is less than the first digital asset, the step of adding one UTXO obtained in the remaining UXTO set to the UTXO set is repeatedly performed.

In a possible implementation, the selecting unit 602 is specifically configured to:

According to the remaining digital assets of each UTXO in the M UTXOs, sort the M UTXOs in descending order of the remaining digital assets;

It is determined that the first i UTXOs among the M UTXOs are the at least one UTXO, wherein the total remaining digital assets of the first i UTXOs are not less than the first digital assets, and if i is less than M is a positive integer.

Optionally, the total remaining digital assets of the first i-1 UTXOs are less than the first digital assets.

Optionally, the difference between the total remaining digital assets of the first i UTXOs and the first digital assets is equal to 0 or greater than the target threshold.

In a possible implementation, the first transaction data further includes transaction fees, and the apparatus 60 further includes:

The processing unit, when the difference between the total remaining digital asset of the at least one UTXO and the first digital asset is smaller than the target threshold, use the difference as the transaction fee of the first transaction data.

In a possible implementation, the transfer-out instruction further includes transaction information, and the apparatus 60 further includes:

an identification unit, configured to identify the transaction type of the transaction information according to the transaction information;

and a determining unit, configured to determine the type of the transaction information and determine the target threshold according to the corresponding relationship between the transaction type and the threshold.

Based on the description of the above method embodiments, the embodiments of the present application also propose a block creation device, the block creation device can run in the mining node, and the block creation device can be a computer running in the mining node Program (including program code); please refer to FIG. 7 , the block creation device 70 may include or run the following units:

The obtaining unit 701 is configured to obtain the first transaction data uploaded to the blockchain network by the first node, where the first transaction data is used to instruct the transfer of the first digital asset from the transaction address of the first node to the first digital asset. The transaction address of the second node, the first transaction data uses at least one UTXO as the transaction input of the first transaction data, and the total remaining digital assets of the UTXO output from the first transaction data is equal to 0 or greater than the target threshold, so The at least one UTXO is selected from the remaining digital assets of the first node, and the remaining digital assets of the first node include M UTXOs, where M is a positive integer;

The creating unit 702 is configured to create a block from the first transaction data according to the first transaction data, wherein the input of the block is the at least one UTXO.

According to an embodiment of the present application, part of the steps involved in the transaction generation method shown in FIG. 3 can be performed by each unit in the transaction generation device shown in FIG. 6 , and the part involved in the block creation method shown in FIG. 5 The steps may be performed by various units in the block creation apparatus shown in FIG. 7 . According to another embodiment of the present application, each unit in the transaction generating device shown in FIG. 6 or the block creating device shown in FIG. 7 may be respectively or all combined into one or several other units to form, or one of the A certain unit(s) may be further divided into a plurality of units with smaller functions, which can realize the same operation without affecting the realization of the technical effects of the embodiments of the present application. The above-mentioned units are divided based on logical functions. In practical applications, the function of one unit may also be implemented by multiple units, or the functions of multiple units may be implemented by one unit. In other embodiments of the present application, the data-based processing apparatus may also include other units. In practical applications, these functions may also be implemented with the assistance of other units, and may be implemented by cooperation of multiple units.

According to another embodiment of the present application, a general-purpose computing device, such as a computer, may be implemented on a general-purpose computing device including a central processing unit (CPU), a random access storage medium (RAM), a read-only storage medium (ROM), and other processing elements and storage elements. Running a computer program (including program code) capable of executing the steps involved in the corresponding methods as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 , to construct the transaction generating device shown in FIG. 6 or the block creating device shown in FIG. 7 , and to implement the method of the embodiments of the present application. The computer program can be recorded on, for example, a computer-readable recording medium, and loaded in the above-mentioned computing device through the computer-readable recording medium, and executed therein.

In the embodiment of the present application, the first node receives a transfer-out instruction, and the transfer-out instruction is used to instruct the transfer of the first digital asset from the transaction address of the first node to the transaction address of the second node; further, from the first node At least one UTXO is selected from the remaining digital assets of the node, so that the first transaction data is generated according to the at least one UTXO and the transfer instruction, and the first transaction data is uploaded to the blockchain network; A UTXO is used as the transaction input of the first transaction data, and the total remaining digital assets of the UTXO output from the first transaction data is equal to 0 or greater than the target threshold; thus avoiding the generation of dust transactions and improving the operation efficiency of the blockchain network.

Based on the descriptions of the above method embodiments and device item embodiments, the embodiments of the present invention further provide a transaction generation device; the transaction generation device may be the user equipment or detection device mentioned above. Referring to FIG. 8 , the transaction generating device 80 may include at least a processor 801 , an input device 802 , an output device 803 , a memory 804 and a communication interface 805 ; wherein the processor 801 , the input device 802 , the output device 803 , the memory 804 and the communication interface 805 The interface 805 may be connected through a bus 808 or other connection means. The memory 804 is used to store computer programs including program instructions, and the memory 804 may include volatile memory (eg, dynamic random access memory DRAM), and may also include non-volatile memory (eg, one-time memory) programmable read-only memory OTPROM). In some examples, memory 804 may further include memory located remotely from processor 801, which may be connected to device 80 through a network. The input device 802 may include a keyboard 8021, a microphone 8022, a touch panel 8023, and the like. The output device 803 may include a display panel 8031, a loudspeaker 8032, and the like.

The communication interface 805 is used to realize the information exchange between the transaction generating device 80 and other equipment devices, such as a blockchain network.

The processor 801 is configured to execute program instructions stored in the memory 804 . The processor 801 (or called CPU (Central Processing Unit, central processing unit)) is the computing core and the control core of the client, which is suitable for implementing one or more instructions, specifically suitable for loading and executing one or more instructions to achieve the above Corresponding method flow or corresponding function in the transaction generation method embodiment.

In some embodiments, the processor 801 described in the embodiments of the present invention may be configured to perform a series of data processing, including:

receiving a transfer-out instruction, where the transfer-out instruction is used to instruct the transfer of the first digital asset from the transaction address of the first node to the transaction address of the second node;

Select at least one unspent transaction output (UnspentTransaction Output, UTXO) from the remaining digital assets of the first node, wherein the remaining digital assets include M UTXOs, where M is a positive integer;

The first transaction data is generated according to the at least one UTXO and the transfer-out instruction; the first transaction data uses the at least one UTXO as the transaction input of the first transaction data, and the output of the first transaction data is The total remaining digital assets of UTXO is equal to 0 or greater than the target threshold;

Upload the first transaction data to the blockchain network.

In a possible implementation, the total remaining digital asset of the at least one UTXO is equal to the first digital asset or the difference between the total remaining digital asset of the at least one UTXO and the first digital asset is greater than the target threshold.

In a possible implementation, the processor 801 executes the selecting at least one UTXO from the remaining digital assets of the first node, specifically including executing:

A UTXO obtained in the remaining UXTO set is added to the UTXO set, and the remaining UXTO set is the UTXO other than the UTXO set in the M UXTOs;

When the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the UTXO set are equal to the first digital asset, determine that the UTXO set is the at least one UTXO;

When the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the UTXO set are greater than the first digital assets and the difference between the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the UTXO set and the first digital assets is greater than the target threshold, determine the UTXO set is the at least one UTXO;

When the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the UTXO set is less than the first digital asset, the step of adding one UTXO obtained in the remaining UXTO set to the UTXO set is repeatedly performed.

In a possible implementation, the processor 801 executes the selecting at least one UTXO from the remaining digital assets of the first node, specifically including executing:

According to the remaining digital assets of each UTXO in the M UTXOs, sort the M UTXOs in descending order of the remaining digital assets;

It is determined that the first i UTXOs among the M UTXOs are the at least one UTXO, wherein the total remaining digital assets of the first i UTXOs are not less than the first digital assets, and if i is less than M is a positive integer.

Optionally, the total remaining digital assets of the first i-1 UTXOs are less than the first digital assets.

Optionally, the difference between the total remaining digital assets of the first i UTXOs and the first digital assets is equal to 0 or greater than the target threshold.

In a possible implementation, the first transaction data further includes transaction fees, and the processor 701 is further configured to execute:

When the difference between the total remaining digital assets of the at least one UTXO and the first digital asset is smaller than the target threshold, the difference is used as the transaction fee for the first transaction data.

In a possible implementation, the transfer-out instruction further includes transaction information, and the processor 701 is further configured to execute:

Identify the transaction type of the transaction information according to the transaction information;

According to the corresponding relationship between the transaction type and the threshold, the type of the transaction information is determined to determine the target threshold.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned input device 802 and output device 803 are not necessary units of the transaction generation device 80. The transaction generation device 80 may not include the above-mentioned input device 802 and output device 803, and may also include other devices or modules. Examples are not limited.

It should be understood that the transaction generating apparatuses 60 and 80 described in this embodiment of the present invention can execute the description of the transaction generating method in the foregoing embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3 , which will not be repeated here.

Based on the descriptions of the foregoing method embodiments and device item embodiments, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a block creation apparatus; the block creation apparatus may be the user equipment or detection equipment mentioned above. Referring to FIG. 9 , the block creation device 90 may include at least a processor 901, an input device 902, an output device 903, a memory 904 and a communication interface 905; wherein the processor 901, the input device 902, the output device 903, the memory 904 and The communication interface 905 may be connected through a bus 906 or other connection means. The memory 904 is used to store computer programs including program instructions, and the memory 904 may include volatile memory (eg, dynamic random access memory DRAM), and may also include non-volatile memory (eg, one-time memory) programmable read-only memory OTPROM). In some examples, memory 904 may further include memory located remotely from processor 901, which may be connected to device 90 through a network. The input device 902 may include a keyboard 9021, a microphone 9022, a touch panel 9023, and the like. The output device 903 may include a display panel 9031, a loudspeaker 9032, and the like.

The communication interface 905 is used to realize the information exchange between the block creation device 90 and other equipment devices, such as the blockchain network.

The processor 901 is configured to execute program instructions stored in the memory 904 . The processor 901 (or called CPU (Central Processing Unit, central processing unit)) is the computing core and the control core of the client, which is suitable for implementing one or more instructions, specifically suitable for loading and executing one or more instructions to achieve the above Corresponding method flow or corresponding function in the block creation method embodiment.

In some embodiments, the processor 901 described in the embodiments of the present invention may be configured to perform a series of data processing, including:

obtaining the first transaction data uploaded by the first node into the blockchain network, where the first transaction data is used to instruct the transfer of the first digital asset from the transaction address of the first node to the transaction address of the second node, The first transaction data uses at least one UTXO as the transaction input of the first transaction data, the total remaining digital assets of the UTXO output from the first transaction data is equal to 0 or greater than the target threshold, and the at least one UTXO is from Selected from the remaining digital assets of the first node, the remaining digital assets of the first node include M UTXOs, where M is a positive integer;

According to the first transaction data, the first transaction data is written into a block, wherein the input of the block is the at least one UTXO.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned input device 902 and output device 903 are not necessary units of the block creation device 90. The block creation device 90 may not include the above-mentioned input device 902 and output device 903, or may include other devices or modules. The application examples are not limited.

It should be understood that the block creation apparatuses 70 and 90 described in the embodiments of the present invention can execute the description of the block creation method in the foregoing embodiment corresponding to FIG. 5 , and details are not repeated here.

Embodiments of the present invention further provide a computer-readable storage medium (Memory), where the computer-readable storage medium is a memory device in a client, and is used to store programs and data. It can be understood that the computer-readable storage medium here may include both a built-in storage medium in the client, and of course, an extended storage medium supported by the client. The computer-readable storage medium provides storage space in which the client's operating system is stored. In addition, one or more instructions suitable for being loaded and executed by the processor are also stored in the storage space, and these instructions may be one or more computer programs (including program codes). It should be noted that the computer-readable storage medium here can be a high-speed RAM memory, or a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one magnetic disk memory; optionally, at least one storage medium located far away from the aforementioned A computer-readable storage medium for the processor.

In one embodiment, the processor can load and execute one or more first instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium, so as to implement the corresponding steps executed by the first client in the above-mentioned relevant data processing embodiment; in the specific implementation , when one or more first instructions in the computer-readable storage medium are loaded and executed by the computer device, the method described in FIG. 3 or FIG. 5 can be implemented. For details, please refer to the relevant description in the above method, which will not be repeated here. .

Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. During execution, the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods may be included. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), or a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) or the like.

The above disclosures are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and of course, the scope of the rights of the present invention cannot be limited by this. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A transaction generation method, the method comprising:

receiving a roll-out instruction for instructing transfer of a first digital asset from a transaction address of the first node to a transaction address of the second node;

selecting at least one unspent transaction output, UTXO, from remaining digital assets of the first node, wherein the remaining digital assets include M UTXOs, M being a positive integer;

generating first transaction data according to the at least one UTXO and the roll-out instruction; the first transaction data having the at least one UTXO as a transaction input for the first transaction data, the output of the first transaction data having a total remaining digital asset of UTXOs equal to 0 or greater than a target threshold;

and uploading the first transaction data to a blockchain network.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the total remaining digital asset of the at least one UTXO is equal to the first digital asset or a difference between the total remaining digital asset of the at least one UTXO and the first digital asset is greater than the target threshold.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein selecting at least one UTXO from the remaining digital assets of the first node comprises:

adding one UTXO obtained from the residual UXTO set into the UTXO set, wherein the residual UXTO set is the UTXO except the UTXO set in the M UXTOs;

determining that the set of UTXOs is the at least one UTXO when the total remaining digital asset of all UTXOs in the set of UTXOs is equal to the first digital asset;

determining the UTXO set as the at least one UTXO when the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the UTXO set is greater than the first digital asset and the difference between the total remaining digital assets of all UTXOs in the UTXO set and the first digital asset is greater than the target threshold;

when the total residual digital assets of all the UTXOs in the UTXO set are smaller than the first digital assets, the step of adding one UTXO obtained from the residual UXTO set into the UTXO set is repeatedly executed.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein said selecting at least one UTXO from the remaining digital assets of the first node comprises:

according to the residual digital assets of each UTXO in the M UTXOs, sequencing the M UTXOs from large to small of the residual digital assets;

determining the first i UTXOs of the M UTXOs as the at least one UTXO, wherein the total remaining digital assets of the first i UTXOs are not less than the first digital assets, and i is a positive integer less than M.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first transaction data further comprises a transaction fee, the method further comprising:

when a difference between the total remaining digital assets of the at least one UTXO and the first digital asset is less than the target threshold, treating the difference as a transaction fee for the first transaction data.

6. The method of any of claims 1-5, wherein the roll-out instruction further comprises transaction information, the method further comprising:

identifying the transaction type of the transaction information according to the transaction information;

and determining the type of the transaction information and determining the target threshold according to the corresponding relation between the transaction type and the threshold.

7. A method for block creation, the method comprising:

obtaining first transaction data uploaded into a blockchain network by a first node, the first transaction data indicating a transfer of a first digital asset from a transaction address of the first node to a transaction address of a second node, the first transaction data having at least one unspent transaction output, UTXO, as a transaction input for the first transaction data, a total remaining digital asset of the UTXO for the output of the first transaction data being equal to 0 or greater than a target threshold, the at least one UTXO selected from remaining digital assets of the first node, the remaining digital asset of the first node comprising M UTXOs, M being a positive integer;

writing first transaction data to a block according to the first transaction data, wherein an input of the block is the at least one UTXO.

8. A transaction generation apparatus, comprising:

a receiving unit, configured to receive a roll-out instruction, where the roll-out instruction is used to instruct to transfer a first digital asset from a transaction address of the first node to a transaction address of the second node;

a selecting unit for selecting at least one Unspent Transaction Output (UTXO) from remaining digital assets of the first node, wherein the remaining digital assets include M UTXOs, M being a positive integer;

a generating unit for generating first transaction data according to the at least one UTXO and the roll-out instruction; the first transaction data has the at least one UTXO as a transaction input for the first transaction data, the output of the first transaction data having a total remaining digital asset of UTXO equal to 0 or greater than a target threshold.

9. A block creation apparatus, comprising:

an obtaining unit, configured to obtain first transaction data uploaded into a blockchain network by a first node, where the first transaction data is used to indicate that a first digital asset is transferred from a transaction address of the first node to a transaction address of a second node, the first transaction data uses at least one UTXO as a transaction input of the first transaction data, a total remaining digital asset of the UTXOs of an output of the first transaction data is equal to 0 or greater than a target threshold, the at least one UTXO is selected from remaining digital assets of the first node, the remaining digital asset of the first node includes M UTXOs, and M is a positive integer;

a creating unit, configured to create a block from the first transaction data according to the first transaction data, wherein the input of the block is the at least one UTXO.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon one or more computer instructions which, when invoked by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any of claims 1-9.

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