CN111134250A - Formula and preparation method of edible artificial feed for spodoptera frugiperda larvae - Google Patents
Formula and preparation method of edible artificial feed for spodoptera frugiperda larvae Download PDFInfo
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- CN111134250A CN111134250A CN201911218280.2A CN201911218280A CN111134250A CN 111134250 A CN111134250 A CN 111134250A CN 201911218280 A CN201911218280 A CN 201911218280A CN 111134250 A CN111134250 A CN 111134250A
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- spodoptera frugiperda
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- artificial feed
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- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
- A23B2/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general
- A23B2/70—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by treatment with chemicals
- A23B2/725—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B2/729—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23B2/742—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- A23B2/754—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing carboxyl groups
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/195—Antibiotics
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种草地贪夜蛾幼虫食用人工饲料的配方和制作方法，包括人工饲料的配方组成和制作方法。所述人工饲料的配方由可食用琼脂条、玉米粉300g黄豆粉、饲料级酵母粉、柠檬酸、抗坏血酸、山梨酸、罗红霉素、复合维生素B、链霉素、丙酸和无菌纯净水组成。本发明所用材料易得、成本比较低、具有制作方法简便、价格经济、省时省力和易于操作等优点，配合专用的草地贪夜蛾幼虫饲养方法，可对草地贪夜蛾幼虫大规模在室内进行饲养。The invention discloses a formula and a preparation method of artificial feed for Spodoptera frugiperda larvae, including the formula composition and preparation method of the artificial feed. The formula of the artificial feed consists of edible agar strips, corn flour 300g soybean meal, feed-grade yeast powder, citric acid, ascorbic acid, sorbic acid, roxithromycin, vitamin B complex, streptomycin, propionic acid and sterile pure water composition. The materials used in the invention are easy to obtain, relatively low in cost, and have the advantages of simple and convenient preparation method, economical price, time-saving and labor-saving, easy operation, etc., and with the special feeding method for Spodoptera frugiperda larvae, the large-scale indoor cultivation of Spodoptera frugiperda larvae can be achieved. feed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the related technology in the field of biological artificial feed, in particular to a formula and a preparation method of edible artificial feed for spodoptera frugiperda larvae.
Background
The insect has short growth cycle and large population quantity, and is the best mode biological material for biological research. The method has the advantages that indoor feeding strains of Spodoptera frugiperda are established, artificial feeding technology of Spodoptera frugiperda larvae is optimized, a large number of normally-developing and orderly and consistent insect sources to be tested are provided, and basic guarantee can be provided for multiple researches on insect physiology and biochemistry, insect genetics, insect toxicology and the like. The study on artificial feeding of insects has been gradually developed since 1908 after the formulation of artificial feed for the first black cheek blowfly. A plurality of scholars at home and abroad research artificial feed for insects, particularly, the most lepidoptera insects are used, but the formula of the artificial feed for the larvae of the spodoptera frugiperda which newly invade China is not reported, so that the artificial feed for the larvae of the spodoptera frugiperda which is suitable for the national conditions of China needs to be developed, the used materials are easy to obtain, the cost is low, and the artificial feed can be used for breeding the larvae of the spodoptera frugiperda indoors for a long time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a formula and a preparation method of an edible artificial feed for spodoptera frugiperda larvae, and aims to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a formula and a preparation method of edible artificial feed for spodoptera frugiperda larvae comprise the formula composition and the preparation method of the artificial feed.
1. Formula composition of edible artificial feed for spodoptera frugiperda larvae
Each part of artificial feed comprises:
(1) edible agar strips: 30g of the total weight of the mixture;
(2) corn flour: 300g, soybean meal: 140g, feed-grade yeast powder: 60g of the total weight of the mixture;
(3) citric acid: 2.5g, ascorbic acid: 15g, sorbic acid: 1.5g, roxithromycin: 0.10-0.15 g, vitamin B complex: 1.5g, streptomycin: 0.17g (final concentration: 100 ug/mL);
(4) propionic acid: 5 mL;
(5) sterile purified water: 1600-1800 mL.
2. Method for preparing edible artificial feed for indoor feeding of spodoptera frugiperda larvae
The preparation method comprises the following preparation processes and steps:
(1) 1300mL of sterile purified water is measured by a measuring cup and heated in a pot;
(2) weighing 300g of corn flour, 60g of yeast powder and 140g of soybean flour, pouring into heated water in batches, continuously stirring, and boiling for at least 30min (timing);
(3) weighing 2.5g of citric acid, 1.5g of sorbic acid, 1.5g of vitamin B complex, 15g of ascorbic acid, semisheet roxithromycin and 0.17g of streptomycin (the final concentration is 100ug/mL), adding 50mL of warm water, and uniformly mixing;
(4) weighing 30g of agar strips, firstly adding 350mL of boiled water for soaking for a moment, heating the agar strips in a microwave oven for 30s to be in a molten state, then adding the agar strips into the step (2) and continuously stirring;
(5) placing the mixture obtained in the step (4) at room temperature, continuously stirring the mixture during the period, and adding the traditional Chinese medicine obtained in the step (3) and continuously stirring the mixture when the mixture can tolerate the hands for 3 s;
(6) adding 5mL of propionic acid into the mixture obtained in the step (5), and continuously stirring;
(7) adding alcohol into the feed box for sterilization, and placing at room temperature for cooling;
(8) and (4) pouring the material obtained in the step (6) into a feed box, airing at room temperature, and then placing into a refrigerator for storage, wherein the temperature in the refrigerator is as follows: 4 ℃ is prepared.
As a further scheme of the invention: the solid medicine in the preparation method (3) is ground into uniform powder in advance.
As a further scheme of the invention: in the preparation method (2), the food materials are boiled for eight minutes by 500mL of water, and then the agar strips in the melted state in the step (4) are dissolved by 1000mL of boiling water; stirring the two solutions uniformly, then airing to about 60 ℃, adding the fully ground and uniformly mixed medicine in the step (3), and stirring and dissolving; and finally, adding propionic acid, continuously stirring and uniformly mixing, adding sterile purified water of which the volume is not more than 100mL, pouring the mixture into a feed box when the mixture is aired to be not too hot, airing the mixture to the room temperature, and finally storing the mixture in a refrigerator at the temperature of 4 ℃ for a storage time of not more than half a month.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are that:
1. the formula of the edible artificial feed for the spodoptera frugiperda larvae is prepared by mainly taking corn flour and soybean flour as the basis and adding some auxiliary nutrient substances; the used materials are easy to obtain, the cost is low, and the Spodoptera frugiperda larva breeding method is matched with a special Spodoptera frugiperda larva breeding method, so that the Spodoptera frugiperda larva is successfully bred indoors in batches by using self-made artificial feed at present.
2. After the Spodoptera frugiperda is fed by the self-made artificial feed, the survival rate of larvae and pupae of the Spodoptera frugiperda is higher than that of the Spodoptera frugiperda fed by corn leaves, and the growth period and the egg laying capacity of the Spodoptera frugiperda are not influenced, so that the simple artificial feed can be used indoors for propagating the Spodoptera frugiperda in a large quantity; see table 1: influence of self-made artificial feed and corn leaves on growth, survival rate, duration and fecundity of spodoptera frugiperda.
3. After the Spodoptera frugiperda is fed by the self-made artificial feed, the body length and the body weight of Spodoptera frugiperda larvae and pupae are obviously higher than those of the Spodoptera frugiperda fed by corn leaves, so that the simple artificial feed can be used for propagating Spodoptera frugiperda in a large amount indoors, and is sufficient in nutrition; see table 2: influence of self-made artificial feed and corn leaves on the body weight and the body length of Spodoptera frugiperda in each calendar period.
Experiments prove that: the invention has the advantages of simple and convenient manufacturing method, economic price, time and labor saving, easy operation and the like, and can be used for feeding indoors in a large scale.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail, clearly and completely in the following with reference to the specific embodiments of the present invention.
A formula and a preparation method of edible artificial feed for spodoptera frugiperda larvae comprise the formula composition and the preparation method of the artificial feed, and a comparison experiment and the functions and the effects of each component material in the formula.
1. Formula composition of edible artificial feed for spodoptera frugiperda larvae
Each part of artificial feed comprises:
(1) edible agar strips: 30g of the total weight of the mixture;
(2) corn flour: 300g, soybean meal: 140g, feed-grade yeast powder: 60g of the total weight of the mixture;
(3) citric acid: 2.5g, ascorbic acid: 15g, sorbic acid: 1.5g, roxithromycin: 0.10-0.15 g, vitamin B complex: 1.5g, streptomycin: 0.17g (final concentration: 100 ug/mL);
(4) propionic acid: 5 mL;
(5) sterile purified water: 1600-1800 mL.
2. Method for preparing edible artificial feed for indoor feeding of spodoptera frugiperda larvae
The preparation method comprises the following preparation processes and steps:
(1) 1300mL of sterile purified water is measured by a measuring cup and heated in a pot;
(2) weighing 300g of corn flour, 60g of yeast powder and 140g of soybean flour, pouring into heated water in batches, continuously stirring, and boiling for at least 30min (timing);
(3) weighing 2.5g of citric acid, 1.5g of sorbic acid, 1.5g of vitamin B complex, 15g of ascorbic acid, hemiplegic mycin and 0.17g of streptomycin (with the final concentration of 100ug/mL), adding 50mL of warm water, and mixing uniformly, (wherein the solid medicine is ground into uniform powder in advance);
(4) weighing 30g of agar strips, firstly adding 350mL of boiled water for soaking for a moment, heating the agar strips in a microwave oven for 30s to be in a molten state, then adding the agar strips into the step (2) and continuously stirring;
(5) placing the mixture obtained in the step (4) at room temperature, continuously stirring the mixture during the period, and adding the traditional Chinese medicine obtained in the step (3) into the mixture and continuously stirring the mixture until the mixture can tolerate 3s (about 60 ℃) by hands;
(6) adding 5mL of propionic acid into the mixture obtained in the step (5), and continuously stirring;
(7) adding alcohol into the feed box for sterilization, and placing at room temperature for cooling;
(8) and (4) pouring the material obtained in the step (6) into a feed box, airing at room temperature, and then placing into a refrigerator for storage, wherein the temperature of the refrigerator is as follows: 4 ℃ is prepared.
In the process of preparing the artificial feed for the spodoptera frugiperda larvae, the food in the step (2) is boiled for eight minutes by 500mL of water, and then the agar strips in the melted state in the step (4) are dissolved by 1000mL of boiling water; stirring the above two solutions, air drying to about 60 deg.C, adding the fully ground and uniformly mixed medicine of (3), stirring and dissolving; and finally, adding propionic acid, continuously stirring and uniformly mixing, adding sterile purified water of which the volume is not more than 100mL, pouring the mixture into a feed box when the mixture is aired to be not too hot, airing the mixture to the room temperature, and finally storing the mixture in a refrigerator at the temperature of 4 ℃ for a storage time of not more than half a month.
3. Contrast experiment of edible artificial feed for indoor feeding of spodoptera frugiperda larvae
(1) Indoor raising conditions and requirements of Spodoptera frugiperda larvae:
a) temperature: 25 ℃. + -. 1 ℃, humidity: 55% ± 5%, light cycle: 8h-16 h;
b) if the larvae hatch out, feed is put into the finger-shaped tubes, 1 larva is put into each tube, and the temperature: illumination at 26-28 ℃: 10h-14h, humidity: 75 percent.
(2) The experimental contents are as follows:
a) influence of self-made artificial feed and corn leaves on growth, survival rate, calendar period and imago fecundity of spodoptera frugiperda (see table 1);
b) influence of self-made artificial feed and corn leaves on the body weight and the body length of Spodoptera frugiperda in each calendar period (see Table 2).
TABLE 1 influence of self-made artificial feed and corn leaves on Spodoptera frugiperda growth, survival, duration and fecundity of adults
TABLE 2 influence of self-made artificial feed and corn leaves on the body weight and length of Spodoptera frugiperda in each course of insect
4. The function and efficacy of each component material in the formula of the invention
(1) Corn flour: the corn flour is rich in saccharide, glutamic acid and lysine, also contains a large amount of vitamin A, E, B2, and is rich in cellulose and linoleic acid, so that the corn flour is sufficient in nutrient components and easy to digest and absorb, and the corn flour is one of the main components of the feed in most formulas containing wheat germ or soybean flour; one of hosts of spodoptera frugiperda larvae is corn, so that a small amount of corn flour is mixed, and the spodoptera frugiperda larvae has a good promoting effect on the growth and development of spodoptera frugiperda;
(2) soybean meal: the bean substance is one of the main ingredients commonly used in the artificial feed for lepidoptera insect larvae, particularly soybeans are rich in soybean protein and stigmasterol, also contain rich unsaturated fatty acid, soybean phospholipid, vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and other nutritional ingredients, and the soybean meal is rich in saponin, protease inhibitor, isoflavone, molybdenum, selenium and other ingredients and is also an indispensable substance of the artificial feed for insects;
(3) yeast powder: the feed-grade yeast powder specified in the industrial standard of Ministry of light industry of the people's republic of China is a product prepared by taking carbohydrates such as starch, molasses, high-concentration organic waste liquid such as monosodium glutamate and alcohol as main raw materials, culturing saccharomycetes through liquid ventilation, separating yeast thalli from fermentation of the saccharomycetes and drying the saccharomycetes, and belongs to one of single-cell protein feeds; the yeast powder is used as a feed additive protein source, so that the protein content of female pupae can be greatly increased within a certain range, and the fertility of adults is improved.
(4) Agar: agar is widely applied to artificial insect feed, has good forming and moisturizing effects on the feed, and is beneficial to feeding larvae; the edible agar strips are low in price, non-toxic and harmless, particularly have remarkable stability, hysteresis and hysteresis, are easy to absorb water, and have a special stabilizing effect;
(5) ascorbic acid: ascorbic acid, also known as vitamin C, is a water-soluble vitamin. The feed-grade ascorbic acid is used in animal husbandry and aquaculture, can promote the growth of young animals, prevent skin lesions, depilation, skin thickening, scurvy and the like of the animals, and is beneficial to improving the production performance of the animals such as the milk yield of cows, the growth speed of broilers, the egg yield of laying hens and the like;
(6) vitamin B complex: the vitamin B complex is a compound preparation and contains vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, nicotinamide and calcium pantothenate; the vitamin B complex participates in the metabolism process of organisms, and provides coenzyme necessary for various metabolic links in vivo and important coenzyme raw materials for tissue respiration. Nicotinamide is a component of coenzyme I and II, participates in biological oxidation, and plays a role in hydrogen transfer; vitamin B6 produces a physiologically active substance together with ATP in vivo, is a prosthetic group of various enzymes, and participates in the metabolism of amino acids and fats. Calcium pantothenate is coenzyme A precursor, participates in sugar, fat and protein metabolism, and plays a role in transferring acyl in metabolism;
(7) roxithromycin: the roxithromycin is a new generation macrolide antibiotic, and mainly acts on gram-positive bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, chlamydia, mycoplasma and the like; the in vitro antibacterial effect is similar to that of erythromycin, and the in vivo antibacterial effect is 1-4 times stronger than that of erythromycin;
(8) sorbic acid, propionic acid: the good artificial feed for spodoptera frugiperda larvae can not leave the preservative. Sorbic acid is a commonly used preservative, and has particularly obvious effect in summer with high temperature and high humidity; meanwhile, propionic acid is added into the Spodoptera frugiperda larva artificial feed and is mainly used as a preservative and a mildew preventive;
(9) citric acid: citric acid has mild and refreshing sour taste, and is widely used for preparing various beverages, soda water, wine, candy, snack, biscuit, canned fruit juice, dairy products and other foods; meanwhile, the product improves the sensory properties of food, enhances appetite and promotes the digestion and absorption of calcium and phosphorus substances in vivo, and is an acidulant and a preservative for beverage and food industries.
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Application publication date: 20200512 |