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CN110063821B - A proximal shaping device - Google Patents

A proximal shaping device

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Publication number
CN110063821B
CN110063821B CN201910431010.3A CN201910431010A CN110063821B CN 110063821 B CN110063821 B CN 110063821B CN 201910431010 A CN201910431010 A CN 201910431010A CN 110063821 B CN110063821 B CN 110063821B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
proximal
distal
former
hole
mold
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201910431010.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN110063821A (en
Inventor
赵巍
刘三
鲍野
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tianjin Zhengtian Medical Instrument Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Tianjin Zhengtian Medical Instrument Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tianjin Zhengtian Medical Instrument Co Ltd filed Critical Tianjin Zhengtian Medical Instrument Co Ltd
Priority to CN201910431010.3A priority Critical patent/CN110063821B/en
Publication of CN110063821A publication Critical patent/CN110063821A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN110063821B publication Critical patent/CN110063821B/en
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/32Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/46Special tools for implanting artificial joints
    • A61F2/4603Special tools for implanting artificial joints for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
    • A61F2/4607Special tools for implanting artificial joints for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof of hip femoral endoprostheses
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/46Special tools for implanting artificial joints
    • A61F2/4644Preparation of bone graft, bone plugs or bone dowels, e.g. grinding or milling bone material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/46Special tools for implanting artificial joints
    • A61F2/4684Trial or dummy prostheses

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种近端成型器械,包括远端试模(1)、近端试模(3)和近端成型器(4),所述远端试模(1)近端端面设置有远端试模分度齿(12),近端试模(3)和近端成型器(4)的远端端面分别设置有与远端试模分度齿(12)相配合的近端试模分度齿(31)和成型器分度齿(41)。所述近端成型器械具有分度功能,能够精确对准和定位;远端试模具有防旋功能;近端成型器中心孔的孔壁上设置的销子能够防止其自带的螺钉掉落;近端成型器使用后,由于其近端设置的拔出槽,使其拔出较方便;瞄准器的立板上设置有刻度加工方便,较易对准;另外,该近端成型器械在股骨近端铣出的缺口能够防止股骨柄假体下沉和旋转。

The present invention provides a proximal forming instrument, comprising a distal trial mold (1), a proximal trial mold (3) and a proximal former (4), wherein the proximal end surface of the distal trial mold (1) is provided with a distal trial mold indexing tooth (12), and the distal end surfaces of the proximal trial mold (3) and the proximal former (4) are respectively provided with a proximal trial mold indexing tooth (31) and a former indexing tooth (41) that match the distal trial mold indexing tooth (12). The proximal forming instrument has an indexing function and can accurately align and position; the distal trial mold has an anti-rotation function; a pin provided on the hole wall of the center hole of the proximal former can prevent the screw carried by it from falling off; after the proximal former is used, the extraction groove provided at the proximal end thereof makes it easier to extract; the vertical plate of the aiming device is provided with a scale for convenient processing and easier alignment; in addition, the notch milled at the proximal end of the femur by the proximal forming instrument can prevent the femoral stem prosthesis from sinking and rotating.

Description

Proximal end forming instrument
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of orthopedic medical instruments, and particularly relates to a proximal end forming instrument.
Background
The developmental dislocation of hip joint (Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip, DDH) is also called congenital dislocation of hip joint, mainly caused by instability of joint due to developmental defects of acetabulum, proximal femur, joint capsule and the like, and is one of main diseases causing limb disability of children until dislocation of hip joint is developed. The incidence rate of DDH in China is about 3.9 per mill, and the ratio of men to women is about 1:6.
DDH progresses to middle and late stages and may be complicated with hip osteoarthritis. The joint cartilage of the patient is destroyed, the bone under the cartilage is exposed and cystic changes, the hyperosteogeny and the sclerosis are ivory, the joint gap is narrowed and even disappears, at the moment, the hip joint is difficult to move or almost has no activity, the clinical symptoms are obvious, the artificial hip joint prosthesis is used for carrying out total hip joint replacement, the first hip femoral stem is one of important parts of the artificial hip joint prosthesis, the proximal shaping operation is a necessary step of implantation of the first hip femoral stem, and the proximal shaping is completed by using a proximal shaping instrument. The existing proximal shaping apparatus such as S-ROM sold by DePuyOrthopaedics, inc is to directly perform proximal shaping in the proximal medullary cavity of the treated femur, and then to make the neck of the femoral stem consistent with the direction of the original femur neck by indexing the proximal, distal and collar portions of the femoral stem. The assembled prior hip femoral stem has the risk of loosening after being implanted into a human body, can influence the movement of a patient, even can cause the failure of an implant, and needs to be repaired again by operation, so that a novel integrated prior hip femoral stem needs to be developed, and the risk of the assembled prior hip femoral stem is thoroughly avoided. However, the integral type early hip femoral stem does not have an indexing function, and the indexing is required to be completed when the proximal end is formed, so that the direction of a proximal groove for placing the early hip femoral stem is consistent with the direction of the original femoral neck, the neck direction of the early hip femoral stem after being implanted is consistent with the direction of the original femoral neck, and the existing proximal end forming apparatus cannot meet the functional requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a proximal shaping instrument so as to solve the problems that the proximal shaping instrument in the prior art does not have an indexing function, cannot be aligned and positioned accurately and is not suitable for an integrated prior hip femoral stem implantation operation.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The proximal end face of the proximal end test die and the proximal end face of the proximal end shaper are respectively provided with proximal end test die indexing teeth and shaper indexing teeth matched with the distal end test die indexing teeth.
Preferably, the number of the distal test pattern indexing teeth, the proximal test pattern indexing teeth and the shaper indexing teeth is 9-72, such as 12, 18, 24 or 36.
Preferably, the distal test die is of a cone structure, and the taper is 2-8 degrees, such as 3 degrees, 4 degrees, 5 degrees or 6 degrees.
Preferably, the outer conical surface of the distal test pattern forms a ridge.
Preferably, a center hole is formed in the center of the proximal end face of the distal test die, the center hole comprises an unthreaded hole and a threaded hole which are communicated with each other, and the threaded hole is far away from the proximal end face.
Preferably, the proximal test die and the proximal shaper are respectively provided with a test die screw matched with the distal test die, the tail part of the test die screw sequentially comprises a light shaft part and a thread part from the proximal end to the distal end, the centers of the distal end surfaces of the proximal test die and the proximal shaper are respectively provided with a proximal light hole and a shaper center hole, when the proximal test die or the proximal shaper is matched with the distal test die, the light shaft part of the test die screw is positioned in the light holes of the proximal light hole or the shaper center hole and the distal test die, and the thread part of the test die screw is matched with the threaded hole of the distal test die.
Preferably, a pin for preventing the test screw from falling out of the proximal end former is arranged on the hole wall of the central hole of the former of the proximal end former.
Preferably, the proximal end of the proximal shaper is provided with a pull-out groove for pulling out the proximal shaper.
Preferably, the proximal forming instrument further comprises a sighting device and a proximal forming milling cutter, wherein a sighting hole is formed in the proximal forming device, the sighting device is arranged in the sighting hole, the sighting device comprises a handle, a rod part fixed at the lower end of the handle and a vertical plate fixed on the side wall of the rod part, a milling cutter frame is arranged on the vertical plate, and the proximal forming milling cutter is arranged in the milling cutter frame.
Preferably, the distal end of the rod part is provided with a groove, the handle is a handle with a surface covered with silica gel, and the vertical plate is provided with scale marks.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The proximal end forming instrument provided by the invention has an indexing function, is suitable for use in an integrated operation of implanting a hip femoral stem, and enables positioning to be more accurate;
according to the near-end forming instrument, the far-end test die, the near-end test die and the unthreaded hole arranged on the near-end forming device have the auxiliary indexing tooth matching effect, so that the positioning accuracy is further improved;
The distal test die of the proximal forming instrument provided by the invention has an anti-rotation function;
The pin arranged on the hole wall of the central hole of the proximal end shaper of the proximal end shaping apparatus can prevent the screw from falling off;
after the proximal end shaper of the proximal end shaping apparatus provided by the invention is used, the proximal end of the proximal end shaper is conveniently pulled out due to the pull-out groove arranged at the proximal end of the proximal end shaper;
The vertical plate of the sighting device of the proximal end forming instrument provided by the invention is provided with the scales, is convenient to process and easy to align, is beneficial to controlling the milling depth of the proximal end forming milling cutter, and can be used for milling a notch at the proximal end of a femur, and the notch can be matched with the pull-out groove of the neck of the femoral stem prosthesis to prevent the femoral stem prosthesis from sinking and rotating.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the marking stage assembly of the proximal modeling instrument provided in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the assembly of the proximal modeling apparatus provided in example 1 during a shaping phase;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a distal test pattern in a proximal modeling apparatus provided in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a bottom view of a proximal test pattern in the proximal modeling apparatus provided in example 1;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction B-B in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a bottom view of the proximal shaper of the proximal shaping instrument provided in example 1;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction C-C in FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the sight of the proximal modeling apparatus provided in example 1;
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of a proximal end mill in the proximal end forming apparatus according to embodiment 1.
Wherein:
1. Remote test die 2 test die screw
3. Proximal end former of proximal end test mould 4
5. Proximal end forming milling cutter of sighting device 6
11. Distal test die indexing tooth of ridge 12
13. Center hole
31. Proximal test pattern indexing tooth 32 neck
33. Proximal unthreaded hole 34 connection
41. Shaper indexing teeth 42 pin
43. Aiming hole of rod body 44
45. The central hole 46 of the former is pulled out of the groove
51. Shank 52 milling cutter frame
53. Scale 54 handle
55. Positioning hole of vertical plate 56
61. Pin 62 cutting edge
63. The positioning shaft 64 is a drill interface.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc., are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, mechanically connected, electrically connected, directly connected, indirectly connected via an intervening medium, or in communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by the specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Hereinafter, distal and proximal refer to distance from the torso unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a proximal shaping apparatus includes a distal test die 1, wherein the distal test die 1 is connected with a proximal test die 3 or a proximal shaper 4 by a test die screw 2, a sight 5 penetrates the proximal shaper 4, and a proximal shaping mill 6 is mounted on the sight 5.
The proximal end face of the distal test die 1 is provided with a distal test die indexing tooth 12, the distal end faces of the proximal test die 3 and the proximal shaper 4 are respectively provided with a proximal test die indexing tooth 31 and a shaper indexing tooth 41 matched with the distal test die indexing tooth 12, and the structure can realize an indexing function, is applicable to integrated anterior hip femoral stem implantation surgery, is convenient to operate and is convenient to align.
The number of the distal test pattern indexing teeth 12, the proximal test pattern indexing teeth 31 and the former indexing teeth 41 is 9 to 72, and in this embodiment, 36.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the distal test die 1 has a cone structure, the taper is 2 ° to 8 °, the embodiment is 5 °, the outer cone forms ridges 11, and the number of the ridges is four. When the distal test mold 1 is driven into the femoral medullary cavity, the convex ridge 11 is embedded into the cortical bone of the femoral medullary cavity, so that the distal test mold 1 is prevented from rotating, and the cone structure facilitates driving of the distal test mold 1.
The center of the proximal end face of the distal test die 1 is provided with a center hole 13, the center hole 13 comprises a unthreaded hole and a threaded hole which are communicated with each other, and the threaded hole is arranged on one side of the distal end.
The near-end test die 3 and the near-end shaper 4 are respectively provided with a test die screw 2 matched with the far-end test die 1, the tail part of the test die screw 2 sequentially comprises a light shaft part and a thread part from the near end to the far end, the centers of the far end surfaces of the near-end test die 3 and the near-end shaper 4 are respectively provided with a near-end light hole 33 and a shaper center hole 45, when the near-end test die 3 or the near-end shaper 4 is matched with the far-end test die 1, the light shaft part of the test die screw 2 is positioned in the near-end light hole 33 or the shaper center hole 45 and the light hole of the far-end test die 1, and the thread part of the test die screw 2 is matched with the thread hole of the far-end test die 1.
The test screw has the functions of fixing the distal test die and the proximal test die or the proximal shaper, and simultaneously has the function of assisting in matching the indexing teeth.
The wall of the former central bore 45 of the proximal former 4 is provided with a pin 42. The pin 42 ensures that its own screw does not come out of the proximal shaper when loosened, causing loss or falling into the intramedullary canal, resulting in difficult surgery.
The proximal end of the proximal end former 4 is provided with a pulling groove 46 for pulling out the proximal end former, so that the proximal end former 4 and the distal end test die 1 can be pulled out together, and the operation is convenient.
As shown in fig. 9, the sight 5 includes a handle 54, a rod portion 51 fixed to the lower end of the handle 54, and a vertical plate 55 fixed to a side wall of the rod portion 51, wherein a milling cutter holder 52 is disposed on the vertical plate 55, and a positioning hole 56 is formed at the distal end of the rod portion 51.
The handle 54 is a handle with a silica gel covered surface, the vertical plate 55 is provided with scale marks 53, and when the sighting device moves downwards to the state that the scale marks on the vertical plate 55 are flush with the upper end surface of the proximal end former 4, the sighting device is milled to the required depth.
In addition to the improvements described above, the design of the proximal test die, proximal former, sight and proximal formed mill may be referred to corresponding instruments in the S-ROM cube sold by DePuyOrthopaedics, inc.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the proximal test module 3 includes a connecting portion 34 and a neck portion 32, the neck portion 32 forms an included angle with the connecting portion 34, and a proximal optical hole 33 is provided in the center of the connecting portion 34 for connecting with the distal test module 1.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the proximal shaper 4 includes a rod body 43, a shaper center hole 45 is provided in the center of the rod body 43, an aiming hole 44 is provided in the sidewall of the shaper center hole 45 so that the center hole communicates with the outside, and the aiming hole 44 is used for placing the rod portion 51 of the aimer 5.
As shown in fig. 10, the proximal end mill 6 includes a pin 61, and the pin 61 is provided with a cutting edge 62, a positioning shaft 63, and a drill interface 64 in this order from the distal end to the proximal end.
Example 2
In this embodiment, the partial structure of embodiment 1 is modified, and the partial structure is not mentioned.
The number of the distal trial indexing teeth 12, the proximal trial indexing teeth 31 and the former indexing teeth 41 is 9.
The distal test die 1 has a cone structure, and the taper is 2 degrees.
Example 3
In this embodiment, the partial structure of embodiment 1 is modified, and the partial structure is not mentioned.
The number of the distal trial indexing teeth 12, the proximal trial indexing teeth 31 and the former indexing teeth 41 is 72.
The distal test die 1 has a cone structure, and the taper is 8 degrees.
The operation method during the operation by using the proximal modeling apparatus according to one of embodiments 1 to 3 is as follows:
(1) The method comprises the steps of (1) beating a distal test mould into a femoral marrow cavity, then putting a proximal test mould into the femoral marrow cavity, adjusting the matching of index teeth on the end faces of the proximal test mould and the distal test mould to enable the neck direction of the proximal test mould to be aligned with the direction of an original femoral neck, connecting the distal test mould with the proximal test mould through a test mould screw, marking the neck direction, disassembling the test mould screw after completing test, and taking down the proximal test mould;
(2) The method comprises the steps that a proximal end shaper is matched with a distal test die through index teeth arranged on the end face, and the index teeth arranged on the distal end face of the proximal end shaper are completely consistent with the index teeth of the proximal test die and can refer to the neck direction marked in the previous step during matching, so that the direction of an aiming hole of the proximal end shaper is consistent with the direction marked in the previous step when the proximal end shaper is matched with the distal test die, and the proximal end shaper is fixedly installed with the distal test die through a screw in the proximal end shaper after the direction is determined;
(3) The rod part of the sighting device penetrates into the central hole of the near-end forming device, the rod part of the sighting device is clamped in the sighting hole of the near-end forming device, the milling direction is consistent with the direction marked before, therefore, when the femoral stem is installed in the milled groove, the neck direction of the femoral stem is consistent with the direction of the original femoral neck, scale marks are arranged on the vertical plate, when the sighting device moves downwards to be flush with the upper end face of the near-end forming device, namely, when the sighting device is milled to the required depth, the head pin shaft of the near-end forming milling cutter is inserted into the hole of the rod part of the sighting device, the front section is provided with a cutting edge, the middle section positioning shaft penetrates into the milling cutter frame hole of the sighting device to be positioned, the tail part is provided with an electric drill interface, and the near-end forming milling cutter rotates along with the electric drill to form milling movement, so that near-end forming operation is completed.
(4) After the proximal shaping operation is completed, a special extraction instrument can be used, and the proximal shaper and the distal test mold are extracted together by utilizing the proximal groove.
The proximal forming instrument solves the problems that an original proximal forming instrument structure has no indexing function and cannot meet the requirements of an integral type early hip femoral stem implantation operation and the like, a distal test die, a proximal test die and a unthreaded hole formed in a proximal forming instrument have the function of assisting in indexing tooth matching, the distal test die has an anti-rotation function, a pin arranged on the hole wall of a central hole of the proximal forming instrument can prevent a screw carried by the proximal forming instrument from falling off, after the proximal forming instrument is used, the proximal forming instrument is convenient to pull out due to a pull-out groove formed in the proximal end of the proximal forming instrument, scales are arranged on a vertical plate of a sighting device, the graduation is convenient to process and easy to align, and a notch milled in the proximal end of a femur of the forming instrument can prevent the integral type femoral stem prosthesis from sinking and rotating. The applicant declares that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any changes or substitutions that are easily conceivable within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed by the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention and the disclosure.

Claims (6)

1.一种近端成型器械,包括远端试模(1)、近端试模(3)和近端成型器(4),其特征在于:1. A proximal forming device, comprising a distal trial mold (1), a proximal trial mold (3) and a proximal former (4), characterized in that: 所述远端试模(1)近端端面设置有远端试模分度齿(12),近端试模(3)和近端成型器(4)的远端端面分别设置有与远端试模分度齿(12)相配合的近端试模分度齿(31)和成型器分度齿(41);The distal end surface of the distal test mold (1) is provided with a distal test mold indexing tooth (12), and the distal end surfaces of the proximal test mold (3) and the proximal former (4) are respectively provided with a proximal test mold indexing tooth (31) and a former indexing tooth (41) that match the distal test mold indexing tooth (12); 所述远端试模(1)为锥体结构;The distal end trial mold (1) is a cone structure; 所述远端试模(1)的外锥面形成凸脊(11);The outer conical surface of the distal end trial mold (1) forms a convex ridge (11); 所述近端成型器械还包括瞄准器(5)和近端成型铣刀(6),近端成型器(4)中设置有瞄准孔(44),瞄准器(5)置于瞄准孔(44)中;瞄准器(5)包括手柄(54)、固定于手柄(54)下端的杆部(51)和固定于杆部(51)侧壁的立板(55),立板(55)上设置铣刀架(52);近端成型铣刀(6)置于铣刀架(52)中;The proximal forming device further comprises a sight (5) and a proximal forming milling cutter (6); a sighting hole (44) is provided in the proximal forming device (4), and the sight (5) is placed in the sighting hole (44); the sight (5) comprises a handle (54), a rod (51) fixed to the lower end of the handle (54), and a vertical plate (55) fixed to the side wall of the rod (51); a milling cutter holder (52) is provided on the vertical plate (55); the proximal forming milling cutter (6) is placed in the milling cutter holder (52); 所述远端试模(1)的近端端面的中心设置有中心孔(13),中心孔(13)包括相互连通的光孔和螺纹孔,且螺纹孔远离近端端面;A center hole (13) is provided at the center of the proximal end surface of the distal end trial mold (1), the center hole (13) comprises a light hole and a threaded hole that are interconnected, and the threaded hole is away from the proximal end surface; 所述近端试模(3)和近端成型器(4)中均设置有与远端试模(1)配合的试模螺钉(2),试模螺钉(2)的尾部自近端至远端依次包括光轴部和螺纹部,近端试模(3)和近端成型器(4)的远端端面中心分别设置有近端光孔(33)和成型器中心孔(45);近端试模(3)或近端成型器(4)与远端试模(1)配合时,试模螺钉(2)的光轴部位于近端光孔(33)或成型器中心孔(45)与远端试模(1)的光孔中;试模螺钉(2)的螺纹部与远端试模(1)的螺纹孔配合;The proximal test mold (3) and the proximal former (4) are both provided with a test mold screw (2) that matches the distal test mold (1), and the tail of the test mold screw (2) includes an optical axis portion and a threaded portion in sequence from the proximal end to the distal end, and the distal end faces of the proximal test mold (3) and the proximal former (4) are respectively provided with a proximal optical hole (33) and a former center hole (45); when the proximal test mold (3) or the proximal former (4) matches the distal test mold (1), the optical axis portion of the test mold screw (2) is located in the proximal optical hole (33) or the former center hole (45) and the optical hole of the distal test mold (1); the threaded portion of the test mold screw (2) matches the threaded hole of the distal test mold (1); 所述杆部(51)远端形成定位孔(56);所述立板(55)上设置有刻度线(53)。A positioning hole (56) is formed at the distal end of the rod portion (51); and a scale line (53) is provided on the vertical plate (55). 2.根据权利要求1所述的近端成型器械,其特征在于:所述远端试模分度齿(12)、近端试模分度齿(31)和成型器分度齿(41)的个数为9~72个。2. The proximal forming device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the number of the distal trial mold indexing teeth (12), the proximal trial mold indexing teeth (31) and the former indexing teeth (41) is 9 to 72. 3.根据权利要求1或2所述的近端成型器械,其特征在于:所述远端试模(1)的锥度为2°~8°。3. The proximal forming instrument according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the taper of the distal trial mold (1) is 2°~8°. 4.根据权利要求1所述的近端成型器械,其特征在于:所述近端成型器(4)的成型器中心孔(45)的孔壁上设置有防止试模螺钉脱出近端成型器(4)的销子(42)。4. The proximal forming instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that a pin (42) is provided on the hole wall of the center hole (45) of the proximal former (4) to prevent the trial mold screw from falling out of the proximal former (4). 5.根据权利要求1或2所述的近端成型器械,其特征在于:所述近端成型器(4)的近端设置有拔出近端成型器所用的拔出槽(46)。5. The proximal end shaping instrument according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a pulling-out groove (46) for pulling out the proximal end former is provided at the proximal end of the proximal end former (4). 6.根据权利要求1所述的近端成型器械,其特征在于:所述杆部(51)远端形成定位孔(56),所述手柄(54)为表面覆盖硅胶的手柄;所述立板(55)上设置有刻度线(53)。6. The proximal shaping instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: a positioning hole (56) is formed at the distal end of the rod (51); the handle (54) is a handle with a surface covered with silicone; and a scale line (53) is provided on the vertical plate (55).
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