CN114338648A - SFTP multi-terminal file secure transmission method and system based on state cryptographic algorithm - Google Patents
SFTP multi-terminal file secure transmission method and system based on state cryptographic algorithm Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a secure SFTP multi-terminal file transmission method based on a cryptographic algorithm, which relates to the technical field of information and solves the technical problem of insufficient file transmission security, and the method comprises the following steps: constructing a corresponding SFTP file directory for each consumption client at an SFTP server; setting a ssh private key and a public key which are used by a consumption client in a connection mode; abstracting original content Y of the file by using an SM3 algorithm at a consumption client; signing the file digest Y' by using a private key d of the SM 2; encrypting the original content Y of the file by using an SM4ECB mode; assembling an http message and sending the http message to an SFTP server; receiving data at the SFTP server, sequentially carrying out signature verification and verification, and encrypting the original content of the file again to obtain a ciphertext file; and storing the ciphertext file into an SFTP file directory for the consumption client to request downloading. The invention also discloses a system applying the method. The invention can prevent data leakage in the file transmission process and ensure the reliability and accuracy of file transmission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of information, in particular to a secure transmission method and a system of an SFTP (Small form-factor pluggable) multi-terminal file based on a cryptographic algorithm.
Background
With the continuous development of scientific technology, the transformation of enterprises to digitalization is a global trend. The scene demand of processing and interacting data through information technology is increasing, so that the data transmission safety becomes an important problem to be faced. Lack of data transmission security guarantees will bring serious damage to aspects such as production, operation, personal property, personal privacy, etc.
FTP and SFTP are the two most commonly used file transfer methods. FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is based on TCP/IP Protocol, and does not provide a secure channel to Transfer files between hosts, and passwords and data are transmitted in a plain text or plaintext manner, which results in high transmission efficiency but insufficient security. SFTP is a part of SSH protocol, requires that a client user must be authenticated by a server, data transmission must be carried out through a secure channel (SSH), data is encrypted before sending, the data is transmitted in a binary form, and the security is high.
However, in the whole data output process, the application for file processing is often not deployed on the SFTP server, the file content is generated and uploaded to the SFTP, and the file is downloaded from the SFTP and transmitted to the application for processing, the process still has risks of information interception and content tampering, and file data interaction in the internet scene needs a secure transmission method capable of preventing data leakage in the file transmission process and guaranteeing reliability and accuracy of file transmission.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a secure SFTP multi-port file transmission method based on a cryptographic algorithm, so as to prevent data leakage during file transmission and ensure reliability and accuracy of file transmission.
The invention also aims to provide a system for safely transmitting the SFTP multi-terminal file based on the cryptographic algorithm, so as to prevent data leakage in the file transmission process and ensure the reliability and accuracy of file transmission.
In order to achieve the first purpose, the invention provides a secure transmission method of an SFTP multi-port file based on a cryptographic algorithm, which comprises the following steps:
constructing a corresponding SFTP file directory for each consumption client at an SFTP server so as to avoid the data file of the home consumption client from being downloaded or tampered by other consumption clients;
setting a ssh private key and a public key which are used by a consumption client in a connection mode;
abstracting original content Y of the file by using an SM3 algorithm at a consumption client to obtain 256-bit file abstract Y' ═ h (Y);
signing the file digest Y 'by using a private key d of SM2 to obtain a signing result C ═ e (Y');
encrypting the original content Y of the file by using an SM4ECB mode to obtain an encrypted file K';
assembling an http message by the encrypted file K ', the file abstract Y' and the tagging result C, and sending the http message to an SFTP server through https;
receiving data sent by a consumption client at an SFTP server, and checking the data; after the signature verification is passed, decrypting the data, and performing summary comparison and verification; after the verification is passed, carrying out encryption again on the original content of the file to obtain a ciphertext file k;
and storing the ciphertext file k into an SFTP file directory according to a file storage directory and a file name generation rule agreed by the SFTP server and the consumption client, so that the consumption client can request downloading.
As a further improvement, the SFTP server executes SFTPh script, using ssh-keygen to generate RSA public key id _ RSA _ U corresponding to each consumption clientiPub and private key id _ rsa _ Ui，UiOn behalf of a consuming client;
further, the process of abstracting the original content Y of the file is as follows:
grouping the text into 512 × N +448, N being any integer; if the number of the bits is less than 512 bits, a plurality of '0's and a last '1' are used for filling;
and adding 64 bits of file length information to form 512-by-N +1 groups, and performing iterative compression on the N +1 groups of contents to obtain a final 256-bit hash value.
Further, a private key d and a public key P of the SM2 are generated by selecting appropriate elliptic curve parameters, and G is a reference point on the elliptic curve and satisfies P ═ d × G.
Further, the process of encrypting the original content Y of the file is as follows: and (3) obtaining an encryption result K (f) (Y) by using the appointed offset a and adopting an SM4/ECB/PKCS5Padding filling mode, and carrying out Base64 transcoding on the encryption result K to obtain an encrypted file K'.
Further, the signature verification process comprises the following steps: using a public key P of SM2 to check Y ' and C in the message, wherein the function v (Y ', C) is to perform a one-time signature adding process on Y ' to obtain a result C ', and if the function C is equal to C ', the signature passes; otherwise, the signature verification fails, which indicates that the message is tampered in the transmission process.
Further, the process of decryption and digest comparison check comprises: decrypting the file by using a key of SM4 to obtain original content Y of the file, then performing SM3 digest Y ═ h (Y) on the original content Y of the file, comparing and checking the obtained digest result with a digest produced by a consumption client, and if Y ═ Y', indicating that the digest passes the check and the file is not tampered; otherwise the file is tampered.
Further, the original content Y of the file is encrypted by using an SM4 key b corresponding to the consuming client, so as to obtain the ciphertext file k ═ b (Y).
Further, still include:
the consumption client establishes a ssh security encryption tunnel with the SFTP server by using an issued ssh secret key certificate, and enters an appointed SFTP file directory;
the consumption client sends a file downloading request to the SFTP server, and after receiving the downloading request, the SFTP server transmits the file to the consumption client based on the SFTP protocol;
and after the consumption client finishes receiving the file, decrypting the file by using the corresponding SM4 secret key to obtain the required original content of the file.
In order to achieve the second purpose, the invention provides an SFTP multi-terminal file secure transmission system based on a cryptographic algorithm, which comprises an SFTP server and a plurality of consumption clients, wherein the SFTP server is provided with a core system module, and each consumption client is provided with a file content generation module;
the file content generating module encrypts a file at a consumption client according to the method and sends the file to the SFTP server;
and the core system module receives the file at the SFTP server, decrypts the received file according to the method, and stores the decrypted file into a corresponding SFTP file directory for the consumption client to request downloading.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the invention utilizes SFTP file transmission mode based on ssh protocol, adopts RSA public and private key authentication means, each client uses respective certificate to access the distributed directory, and the file is transmitted safely in the encryption tunnel.
(2) The SM3 abstract algorithm is used for replacing the traditional MD5 algorithm, the collision stability, the primitive root stability and the second primitive root stability are better, and the safety is higher.
(3) The invention uses the ECC-based asymmetric encryption algorithm SM2 to label the SM3 digest result, thereby effectively reducing the risk of deciphering and tampering after the message is intercepted. Compared with the traditional asymmetric encryption RSA algorithm, the SM2 adopting the ECC 256-bit algorithm has higher security strength than that of the RSA 2048 bits, and the operation speed is higher than that of the RSA.
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FIG. 1 is a system architecture diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of encryption in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments shown in the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a secure SFTP multi-port file transmission method based on a cryptographic algorithm includes:
the method comprises the steps that a corresponding SFTP file directory is built for each consuming client at an SFTP server, the SFTP server is used for realizing file transmission with the file consuming clients, and due to the fact that data interaction is needed to be carried out between the SFTP server and a plurality of file consuming clients, the corresponding SFTP file directory is built, and the data files of the attributive consuming clients can be prevented from being downloaded or tampered by other consuming clients;
setting the ssh private key and the public key used by the consumption client side in a connection mode, specifically, executing SFTP (secure file transfer protocol) sh script by the SFTP server side, and generating RSA public keys id _ RSA _ U corresponding to the consumption client sides by using ssh-keygeniPub and private key id _ rsa _ Ui，UiOn behalf of a consuming client;
abstracting original content Y of the file by using an SM3 algorithm at a consumption client to obtain 256-bit file abstract Y' ═ h (Y);
selecting proper elliptic curve parameters to generate a private key d and a public key P of the SM2, wherein G is a reference point on an elliptic curve and meets the requirement that P is d G, and signing the file abstract Y 'by using the private key d of the SM2 to obtain a signing result C is e (Y');
encrypting the original content Y of the file by using an SM4ECB mode to obtain an encrypted file K';
the encrypted file K ', the file abstract Y' and the signing result C are assembled into an http message and sent to an SFTP server through https, so that the risk of deciphering and tampering after the message is intercepted can be effectively prevented;
receiving data sent by a consumption client at an SFTP server, and checking the data; after the signature verification is passed, decrypting the data, and performing summary comparison and verification; after the verification is passed, re-encrypting the original content of the file (namely, the file which is not tampered) to obtain a ciphertext file k, specifically encrypting the original content Y of the file by using an SM4 key b corresponding to the consumption client to obtain the ciphertext file k ═ b (Y);
and storing the ciphertext file k into an SFTP file directory according to a file storage directory and a file name generation rule agreed by the SFTP server and the consumption client, so that the consumption client can request downloading.
The process of abstracting the original content Y of the file comprises the following steps:
grouping the text into 512 × N +448, N being any integer; if the number of the bits is less than 512 bits, a plurality of '0's and a last '1' are used for filling;
and adding 64 bits of file length information to form 512-by-N +1 groups, and performing iterative compression on the N +1 groups of contents to obtain a final 256-bit hash value.
The process of encrypting the original content Y of the file comprises the following steps: and (3) obtaining an encryption result K (f) (Y) by using the appointed offset a and adopting an SM4/ECB/PKCS5Padding filling mode, and carrying out Base64 transcoding on the encryption result K to obtain an encrypted file K'.
The label checking process comprises the following steps: using a public key P of SM2 to check Y ' and C in the message, wherein the function v (Y ', C) is to perform a one-time signature adding process on Y ' to obtain a result C ', and if the function C is equal to C ', the signature passes; otherwise, the signature verification fails, which indicates that the message is tampered in the transmission process.
The decryption and summary comparison verification process comprises the following steps: decrypting the file by using a key of SM4 to obtain original content Y of the file, then performing SM3 digest Y ═ h (Y) on the original content Y of the file, comparing and checking the obtained digest result with a digest produced by a consumption client, and if Y ═ Y', indicating that the digest passes the check and the file is not tampered; otherwise the file is tampered.
The method also comprises the following steps:
the consumption client establishes a ssh security encryption tunnel with the SFTP server by using an issued ssh secret key certificate, and enters an appointed SFTP file directory;
the consumption client sends a file downloading request to the SFTP server, and after receiving the downloading request, the SFTP server transmits the file to the consumption client based on the SFTP protocol;
and after the consumption client finishes receiving the file, decrypting the file by using the corresponding SM4 secret key to obtain the required original content of the file.
A system for SFTP multi-terminal file secure transmission based on a state cryptographic algorithm comprises an SFTP server and a plurality of consumption clients, wherein the SFTP server is provided with a core system module, and each consumption client is provided with a file content generation module;
the file content generation module encrypts the file at the consumption client according to the method and sends the file to the SFTP server;
the core system module receives the file at the SFTP server, decrypts the received file according to the method, and stores the decrypted file in a corresponding SFTP file directory for the consumption client to request downloading.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent.
Claims (10)
1. A secure transmission method of SFTP multi-terminal files based on a cryptographic algorithm is characterized by comprising the following steps:
constructing a corresponding SFTP file directory for each consumption client at an SFTP server so as to avoid the data file of the home consumption client from being downloaded or tampered by other consumption clients;
setting a ssh private key and a public key which are used by a consumption client in a connection mode;
abstracting original content Y of the file by using an SM3 algorithm at a consumption client to obtain 256-bit file abstract Y' ═ h (Y);
signing the file digest Y 'by using a private key d of SM2 to obtain a signing result C ═ e (Y');
encrypting the original content Y of the file by using an SM4ECB mode to obtain an encrypted file K';
assembling an http message by the encrypted file K ', the file abstract Y' and the tagging result C, and sending the http message to an SFTP server through https;
receiving data sent by a consumption client at an SFTP server, and checking the data; after the signature verification is passed, decrypting the data, and performing summary comparison and verification; after the verification is passed, carrying out encryption again on the original content of the file to obtain a ciphertext file k;
and storing the ciphertext file k into an SFTP file directory according to a file storage directory and a file name generation rule agreed by the SFTP server and the consumption client, so that the consumption client can request downloading.
2. The SFTP multi-terminal file secure transmission method based on the cryptographic algorithm of claim 1, wherein the SFTP server executes SFTPiPub and private key id _ rsa _ Ui，UiRepresenting the consuming client.
3. The SFTP multi-port file secure transmission method based on the cryptographic algorithm of claim 1, wherein the process of abstracting the original content Y of the file is as follows:
grouping the text into 512 × N +448, N being any integer; if the number of the bits is less than 512 bits, a plurality of '0's and a last '1' are used for filling;
and adding 64 bits of file length information to form 512-by-N +1 groups, and performing iterative compression on the N +1 groups of contents to obtain a final 256-bit hash value.
4. The SFTP multi-terminal file secure transmission method based on the cryptographic algorithm of claim 1, wherein a proper elliptic curve parameter is selected to generate a private key d and a public key P of SM2, G is a reference point on an elliptic curve and satisfies P d G.
5. The SFTP multi-port file secure transmission method based on the cryptographic algorithm of claim 1, wherein the process of encrypting the original content Y of the file is as follows: and (3) obtaining an encryption result K (f) (Y) by using the appointed offset a and adopting an SM4/ECB/PKCS5Padding filling mode, and carrying out Base64 transcoding on the encryption result K to obtain an encrypted file K'.
6. The SFTP multi-port file secure transmission method based on the cryptographic algorithm of claim 1, wherein the signature verification process is as follows: using a public key P of SM2 to check Y ' and C in the message, wherein the function v (Y ', C) is to perform a one-time signature adding process on Y ' to obtain a result C ', and if the function C is equal to C ', the signature passes; otherwise, the signature verification fails, which indicates that the message is tampered in the transmission process.
7. The SFTP multi-port file secure transmission method based on the cryptographic algorithm of claim 1, wherein the procedures of decryption and digest comparison verification are as follows: decrypting the file by using a key of SM4 to obtain original content Y of the file, then performing SM3 digest Y ═ h (Y) on the original content Y of the file, comparing and checking the obtained digest result with a digest produced by a consumption client, and if Y ═ Y', indicating that the digest passes the check and the file is not tampered; otherwise the file is tampered.
8. The method for SFTP multi-port file secure transmission based on the cryptographic algorithm of claim 1, wherein the original content Y of the file is encrypted with SM4 key b corresponding to the consuming client to obtain the ciphertext file k ═ b (Y).
9. The method for secure transmission of the SFTP multi-port file based on the cryptographic algorithm of any one of claims 1-8, further comprising:
the consumption client establishes a ssh security encryption tunnel with the SFTP server by using an issued ssh secret key certificate, and enters an appointed SFTP file directory;
the consumption client sends a file downloading request to the SFTP server, and after receiving the downloading request, the SFTP server transmits the file to the consumption client based on the SFTP protocol;
and after the consumption client finishes receiving the file, decrypting the file by using the corresponding SM4 secret key to obtain the required original content of the file.
10. A system for SFTP multi-terminal file secure transmission based on a cryptographic algorithm is characterized by comprising an SFTP server and a plurality of consumption clients, wherein the SFTP server is provided with a core system module, and each consumption client is provided with a file content generation module;
the file content generation module encrypts a file at a consumption client according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 9 and sends the file to the SFTP server;
the core system module receives the file at an SFTP server, decrypts the received file according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 9, and stores the decrypted file in a corresponding SFTP file directory for a consuming client to request downloading.
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