CN103075195A - Measurement system and method for stress of surrounding rock of hipparion red soil tunnel under influence of crack water - Google Patents
Measurement system and method for stress of surrounding rock of hipparion red soil tunnel under influence of crack water Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001710 laterite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011504 laterite Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种裂隙水影响下的三趾马红土隧道围岩应力的测量系统及方法，包括信号放大器、数据采集器、上位机、电源和8个传感器组；传感器组通过信号放大器连接数据采集器，数据采集器连接上位机；所述8个传感器组分别安装在三趾马红土隧道监测断面的拱顶、拱腰两侧、边墙两侧、拱脚两侧和仰拱部位；由传感器组器实时采集土压力和水压力数据，采集到的数据经信号放大器发送到数据采集器，数据采集器按一定频率采集数据并发送到上位机，由上位机对接收到的数据进行处理。本发明能够快速、连续地准确测量三趾马红土隧道施工过程中孔隙水压力对围岩总应力的影响程度，及时反馈施工过程中存在的问题，实时调整施工设计方案。
The invention discloses a system and method for measuring the surrounding rock stress of a three-toed horse laterite tunnel under the influence of fissure water, including a signal amplifier, a data collector, a host computer, a power supply and 8 sensor groups; collector, the data collector is connected to the host computer; the eight sensor groups are respectively installed on the vault, both sides of the arch waist, both sides of the side wall, both sides of the arch foot and the inverted arch of the monitoring section of the Three-toed Horse Red Clay Tunnel; The sensor group collects the data of earth pressure and water pressure in real time, and the collected data is sent to the data collector through the signal amplifier. The data collector collects data at a certain frequency and sends it to the host computer, which processes the received data. The invention can quickly and continuously accurately measure the degree of influence of pore water pressure on the total stress of surrounding rock during the construction of the three-toed horse laterite tunnel, timely feedback problems existing in the construction process, and adjust the construction design scheme in real time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the engineering measuring technology field, be specifically related to a kind of tunnel stress measurement system and method, measuring system and the method for the Red Clay tunnel stress under particularly a kind of crevice water affects, it is used for the following Red Clay constructing tunnel of groundwater table process surrouding rock stress and measures fast and accurately.
Background technology
Be subjected to the impact of Rock And Soil complexity and polytropy feature, the common more complicated of the stress field of tunnel surrounding and mechanical behavior, the surrouding rock stress monitoring is a very important job in the constructing tunnel, it is to monitor whether country rock is stable, judges that whether reasonably two linings choose whether proper, check supporting and protection structure foundation opportunity.At present, the monitoring measurement for tunnel surrounding stress among " railway tunnel construction standard " (TB10204-2002) only relates to pressure from surrounding rock, and reckons without the pore water pressure impact of underground water.According to the Tai Shaji principle of effective stress, the total stress of soil comprises pore water pressure and effective stress two parts, and most of edpth of tunnels are positioned at more than the groundwater table, and the monitoring of standard method can be satisfied construction requirement substantially.Yet, being positioned at special soils tunnel below the groundwater table for buried depth, might not be suitable for such as the Red Clay tunnel.Studies show that Red Clay joint, cranny development, the excavation in tunnel certainly will cause the loosening of tunnel surrounding, the crack is further strengthened, underground water along the joint, the crack flows, and causes stress field of the surrounding rock, seepage field to change and redistribute.Under the interaction of stress field and seepage field, country rock very easily produces excessive distortion, even the major accident such as occur caving in.This shows that pore water pressure can not be ignored the impact of Red Clay total stress.Therefore, research a kind of can be automatically, measuring method and the device of the lower Red Clay tunnel surrounding stress of rapidly, continuously Measurement accuracy crevice water impact be very necessary.
Summary of the invention
For the defective that exists in the prior art and deficiency, the object of the invention is to, measuring system and the method for the Red Clay tunnel surrounding stress under a kind of crevice water impact are provided, the method rapidly, continuously Measurement accuracy constructing tunnel process Pore Pressure to the influence degree of country rock total stress, thereby can feed back timely and accurately the problem that exists in the work progress, in order to adjust in real time Construction Design Schemes.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme to be solved:
The measuring system of the Red Clay tunnel surrounding stress under a kind of crevice water impact comprises signal amplifier, data acquisition unit, host computer, power supply and 8 sensor groups; Wherein, each described sensor group is comprised of a resistance-type earth pressure cell and a pore water pressure sensor, the output of each resistance-type earth pressure cell and each pore water pressure sensor is all by signal amplifier connection data collector, and the data acquisition unit output connects host computer; Described power supply connection data collector, signal amplifier, resistance-type earth pressure cell and pore water pressure sensor are its power supply; Described 8 sensor groups are installed in respectively vault, haunch both sides, abutment wall both sides, arch springing both sides and the inverted arch position of Red Clay tunnel monitoring section;
By the resistance-type earth pressure cell of described 8 sensor groups and pore water pressure sensor Real-time Collection soil pressure and water pressure data, the data that collect send to data acquisition unit through signal amplifier, data acquisition unit is by the certain frequency image data and send it to host computer, by host computer the data that receive is processed.
Further, described resistance-type earth pressure cell comprises can body, resistance strain gage, terminal plate and top cover, can body bottom surface is zinc-plated as stressed film, be fixed with bridge circuit and terminal plate that resistance strain gage forms in the can body, the bridge circuit that resistance strain gage forms is close to can body inner bottom surface, and described terminal plate is positioned at the top of the bridge circuit of resistance strain gage composition; The bridge circuit that resistance strain gage forms is drawn the can body by terminal plate by holding wire, at can body top top cover is installed.
A kind of method of utilizing above-mentioned measurement mechanism to carry out the measurement of the Red Clay tunnel surrounding stress under the crevice water impact specifically comprises the steps:
1) assembling of measuring system: comprise connection, the signal amplifier of welding, the power supply of sensor group installation, holding wire connection and with the coupling of data acquisition unit.
2) demarcation of sensor: respectively resistance-type earth pressure cell, pore water pressure sensor are demarcated, obtained resistance-type earth pressure cell calibration curve and pore water pressure sensor calibration curve;
3) burying underground of sensor: adopt the blind pipe leads method, 8 sensor groups are fixed to respectively on 8 monitoring points of Red Clay tunnel monitoring section, 8 monitoring points lay respectively at vault, haunch both sides, abutment wall both sides, arch springing both sides and inverted arch position; Bury underground from the vault hole of progressively cutting the earth to both sides in order, bury the direction of noting earth pressure cell in the process underground, guarantee that the stressed film 1 of earth pressure cell is radially vertical with barrel, buried depth 30cm-50cm is then with the earthen backfill soil cave and tamp;
4) data acquisition: log-on data collector before measuring beginning, record is preserved the initialize signal of each sensor group and is sent to host computer; Measure beginning, the reading of each sensor group changes along with the variation of soil pressure, resistance-type earth pressure cell and pore water pressure sensor be Real-time Collection soil pressure and water pressure data respectively, and send signal to data acquisition unit in real time, the signal that data acquisition unit receives with certain frequency collection and record, gather n time altogether in the measuring process, and in real time the signal that collects is sent to host computer;
5) data are processed: the signal that host computer sends by data acquisition unit obtains the initial value of resistance-type earth pressure cell and pore water pressure sensor, also namely measures initial surrouding rock stress and the pore water pressure of front each monitoring point of beginning; Calibration curve to each sensor group carries out the fitting formula that again match obtains fitted calibration curve and correspondence; Learn the calibration coefficient ξ of resistance-type earth pressure cell and the calibration coefficient η of pore water pressure sensor by demarcating fitting formula;
Calculate country rock total stress σ by formula 5:
σ=V * ξ (formula 5)
In the formula, σ-country rock total stress; V-output voltage values; ξ-calibration coefficient;
Calculate pore water pressure u by formula 6:
U=v * η (formula 6)
In the formula, u-pore water pressure; V-output voltage values; η-calibration coefficient;
With a certain moment t
1The output valve V substitution formula 5 of the 1#BX series resistance formula earth pressure cell that gathers obtains the total stress σ of this moment country rock
1, in the same way the output valve V of the 1#BX series resistance formula earth pressure cell of each collection processed, obtain altogether n group data: (the σ
1, t
1), (σ
2, t
2) ... .., (σ
n, t
n); Wherein, n represents the times of collection in experimental period; Take country rock total stress σ as the longitudinal axis, set up coordinate system take time t as transverse axis, the n group data that obtain are expressed as σ-t tense curve in this coordinate system; In like manner, the n group data that obtain are expressed as u-t tense curve, i.e. pore water pressure tense curve in this coordinate system; Gathering each constantly, resulting country rock total stress σ deducts the effective stress σ that pore water pressure u obtains this moment
e, with effective stress σ
eBe the longitudinal axis, take time t as transverse axis, obtain effective stress σ
e-t tense curve; So far, obtain processing the effective stress tense curve that obtains by the data of 1# sensor group collection; In like manner, obtain processing the effective stress tense curve that obtains by the data of all the other 7 sensor groups collections.
Further, described data acquisition unit within experimental period with 10min/ time frequency acquisition collection and record the output signal of each sensor.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) measurement mechanism of the present invention and method have been included pore water pressure in Contents for Monitoring, consider that comprehensively crevice water is on the impact of tunnel surrounding stress, remedied and do not considered in the prior art that crevice water affects the inaccurate defective of caused measurement result, more meet engineering reality, and can adjust timely and accurately the construction in later period scheme according to real-time testing result.
(2) adopt a plurality of high accuracy soil pressures, monitoring pore water pressure element, they are embedded on the monitoring point at fixing vault, haunch both sides, abutment wall both sides, arch springing both sides and inverted arch position of position, cover in all directions surveyed area, and surrouding rock stress, the pore water pressure of accurate monitoring objective point.
(3) picking rate is fast, and sample rate can reach 5000 times/S, feeds back serially the lower Red Clay tunnel surrounding stress of crevice water impact, Pore-Water Pressure, provides foundation for adjusting in real time constructure scheme.
(4) apparatus structure of the present invention is simple, and is simple to operate, installation, easy to use.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the connection block diagram of measuring system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of resistance-type earth pressure cell.
Fig. 3 is the monitoring element artwork.
Fig. 4 is demarcation and the fitted calibration curve of a resistance-type earth pressure cell of embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 5 is demarcation and the fitted calibration curve of a pore water pressure sensor in the embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 6 is surrouding rock stress tense curve in the embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 7 is embodiments of the invention Pore Pressure tense curve.
Fig. 8 is effective stress tense curve in the case study on implementation of the present invention.
Number in the figure: 1, stressed film, 2, resistance strain gage, 3, terminal plate, 4, holding wire, 5, top cover, 6, the can body.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further explained explanation.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, the measuring system of the Red Clay tunnel surrounding stress under the crevice water impact of the present invention comprises signal amplifier, data acquisition unit, host computer, power supply and 8 sensor groups; Wherein, each described sensor group is comprised of a resistance-type earth pressure cell and a pore water pressure sensor, the output of each resistance-type earth pressure cell and each pore water pressure sensor is all by signal amplifier connection data collector, and the data acquisition unit output connects host computer; Described power supply connection data collector, signal amplifier, resistance-type earth pressure cell and pore water pressure sensor are its power supply.Described 8 sensor groups are installed in respectively vault, haunch both sides, abutment wall both sides, arch springing both sides and the inverted arch position of Red Clay tunnel monitoring section.
As shown in Figure 3, described resistance-type earth pressure cell comprises can body 6, resistance strain gage 2, terminal plate 3 and top cover 5, can body 6 bottom surfaces are zinc-plated as stressed film 1, be fixed with bridge circuit and terminal plate 3 that resistance strain gage 2 forms in the can body 6, the bridge circuit that resistance strain gage 2 forms is close to can body 6 inner bottom surfaces, and described terminal plate 3 is positioned at the top of the bridge circuit of resistance strain gage 2 compositions.The bridge circuit that resistance strain gage 2 forms is drawn can body 6 by terminal plate 3 by holding wire 4, in order to guarantee the safety of resistance-type earth pressure cell in the work progress, at can body 6 tops top cover 5 is installed.
The USB2852 data acquisition unit that data acquisition unit adopts Altay company to produce, the output signal that is used for real-time, the continuous pick-up transducers group line item of going forward side by side.
The measuring method of the lower Red Clay tunnel surrounding stress of crevice water impact of the present invention specifically comprises the steps:
1, the assembling of measuring system
Measuring system is by man-made assembly, comprise assembling, the signal amplifier of welding, the power module of sensor group installation, holding wire connection and with the coupling of data acquisition unit.
2, the demarcation of sensor
Respectively resistance-type earth pressure cell, pore water pressure sensor are demarcated, obtained resistance-type earth pressure cell calibration curve and pore water pressure sensor calibration curve;
3, sensor buries underground
As shown in Figure 2, adopt the blind pipe leads method, 8 sensor groups are fixed to respectively on 8 monitoring points of Red Clay tunnel monitoring section, 8 monitoring points lay respectively at vault, haunch both sides, abutment wall both sides, arch springing both sides and inverted arch position.Bury underground from the vault hole of progressively cutting the earth to both sides in order, bury the direction of noting earth pressure cell in the process underground, guarantee that the stressed film 1 of earth pressure cell is radially vertical with barrel, buried depth 30cm-50cm is then with the earthen backfill soil cave and tamp.
4, data acquisition
Log-on data collector before measuring beginning, record is preserved the initialize signal of each sensor group and is sent to host computer; Measure beginning, the reading of each sensor group changes along with the variation of soil pressure, resistance-type earth pressure cell and pore water pressure sensor be Real-time Collection soil pressure and water pressure data respectively, and send signal to data acquisition unit in real time, the signal that data acquisition unit receives with certain frequency collection and record, gather n time altogether in the measuring process, and in real time the signal that collects is sent to host computer.
5, data are processed
The signal that host computer sends by data acquisition unit obtains the initial value of resistance-type earth pressure cell and pore water pressure sensor, also namely measures initial surrouding rock stress and the pore water pressure of front each monitoring point of beginning.The output signal of resistance-type earth pressure cell and pore water pressure sensor and pressure are preferably linear relationship, for improving monitoring accuracy, calibration curve is carried out again match obtain fitted calibration curve and corresponding fitting formula.Learn the calibration coefficient ξ of resistance-type earth pressure cell and the calibration coefficient η of pore water pressure sensor by demarcating fitting formula;
Calculate country rock total stress σ by formula 5:
σ=V * ξ (formula 5)
In the formula, σ-country rock total stress; V-output voltage values; ξ-calibration coefficient.
Calculate pore water pressure u by formula 6:
U=v * η (formula 6)
In the formula, u-pore water pressure; V-output voltage values; η-calibration coefficient.
With a certain moment t
1The output valve V substitution formula 5 of the 1#BX series resistance formula earth pressure cell that gathers obtains the total stress σ of this moment country rock
1, in the same way the output valve V of the 1#BX series resistance formula earth pressure cell of each collection processed, obtain altogether n group data: (the σ
1, t
1), (σ
2, t
2) ... .., (σ
n, t
n); Wherein, n represents the times of collection in experimental period; Take country rock total stress σ as the longitudinal axis, set up coordinate system take time t as transverse axis, the n group data that obtain are expressed as σ-t tense curve, i.e. surrouding rock stress tense curve in this coordinate system.
In like manner, will moment t
1The output valve v substitution formula 6 of the 1# pore water pressure sensor that gathers obtains the pore water pressure u in this moment
1, in the same way the output valve v of the 1# pore water pressure sensor of each collection processed, also obtain n group data: (the u
1, t
1), (u
2, t
2) ... .., (u
n, t
n); Wherein, n represents the times of collection in experimental period; Take pore water pressure u as the longitudinal axis, set up coordinate system take time t as transverse axis, the n group data that obtain are expressed as u-t tense curve, i.e. pore water pressure tense curve in this coordinate system.
According to principle of effective stress: σ
e=σ-u deducts the effective stress σ that pore water pressure u obtains this moment with resulting country rock total stress σ of each moment
e, with effective stress σ
eBe the longitudinal axis, take time t as transverse axis, can get effective stress σ
e-t tense curve, i.e. effective stress tense curve.So far, obtain processing the effective stress tense curve that obtains by the data of 1# sensor group collection.
In like manner, obtain processing the effective stress tense curve that obtains by the data of all the other 7 sensor groups collections.
Embodiment 1:
For the influence degree of Real-Time Monitoring Red Clay constructing tunnel process Pore Pressure to surrouding rock stress, the problem that may exist in the feedback work progress, provide theoretical foundation with timely adjustment constructure scheme, carried out real-time dynamic monitoring at certain Red Clay tunnel construction site.Consider that Red Clay cranny development and edpth of tunnel are below groundwater table, crevice water can not be ignored this Analyses of Tunnel Wall Rock Stability influence degree, and do not relate to the monitoring project of pore water pressure among existing " railway tunnel construction standard " (TB10204-2002), can not satisfy construction requirement.Therefore, in order to remedy the deficiency of the monitoring that lacks pore water pressure, present embodiment adopts measuring system of the present invention and method to carry out real-time dynamic monitoring, wherein, and BX series resistance formula earth pressure cell and BX series pore water pressure sensor that the sensor group selects Dandong City Electronic Instruments Plant to produce.Detailed process is as follows:
1, the assembling of measuring system
At first carry out the welding of each sensor, with resistance-type earth pressure cell firm welding, with its input line (positive pole: red line; Green line) and output line (positive pole: blue line negative pole:; Negative pole: yellow line) firm with soldering with lead-in wire; In addition, with the input line (positive pole: red line of pore water pressure sensor; Black line) and output line (positive pole: blue line negative pole:; Negative pole: yellow line) with lead-in wire scolding tin firm welding.Then carry out the assembling of power module, more accurate in order to make monitoring result, added signal amplifier, original signal is amplified 500 times, in order to monitor the microvariations that surrouding rock stress and pore water pressure produce in the work progress.At last, each holding wire and data acquisition unit are carried out matching optimization.
2, the demarcation of sensor
BX series resistance formula earth pressure cell, BX series pore water pressure sensor are demarcated respectively.Because it is larger that monitoring system is affected by man-made assembly and job site, manually-operated may produce error, in this is measured, each earth pressure cell and each sensor are demarcated separately, obtained respectively BX series resistance formula earth pressure cell calibration curve (see figure 4), BX series pore water pressure sensor calibration curve (see figure 5);
3, sensor buries underground
Position in the monitoring of the needs such as Red Clay tunnel monitoring section vault, haunch, abutment wall, arch springing and inverted arch is laid with the monitoring point, arranges altogether these 8 monitoring points of 1#～8# according to the monitoring needs, as shown in Figure 2, and resistance-type earth pressure cell label: T1-T8; Pore water pressure sensor label: K1-K8.Should dispose respectively BX resistance-type earth pressure cell and pore water pressure sensor combination to each monitoring point.Be not destroyed for guaranteeing go between in the work progress, with the blind pipe parcel that will go between, BX series resistance formula earth pressure cell and BX pore water pressure sensor made up be fixed to corresponding monitoring point.Progressively bury sensor underground to both sides from vault in order during construction, bury the direction of noting earth pressure cell in the process underground, guarantee that stress surface is radially vertical with barrel, at last with earthen backfill soil cave and compacting.
4, data acquisition
Log-on data collector before measuring beginning, record is preserved the initialize signal of each sensor and is sent to host computer; After measuring beginning, each earth pressure cell and each sensor reading can change along with the variation of soil pressure, BX series resistance formula earth pressure cell and pore water pressure sensor send respectively signal, data acquisition unit is with 10min/ time frequency acquisition collection and record the output signal of each sensor, and the signal that collects sent to host computer in real time, test completely gathering n time altogether.
5, data are processed
Find out from the calibration curve that step 2 obtains, output signal and the pressure of BX series resistance formula earth pressure cell and pore water pressure sensor are preferably linear relationship, for improving monitoring accuracy, two calibration curves that step 2 is obtained carry out again match, obtain two fitted calibration curve and corresponding fitting formula such as Fig. 4～Fig. 5.Only describe as an example of 1# sensor group example, other sensor groups are demarcated consistent with this sensor prescription formula herein.
The demarcation fitting formula of 1#BX series resistance formula earth pressure cell:
Y=0.3497x, R
2=1 (formula 3)
The demarcation fitting formula of 1#BX series pore water pressure sensor:
Y=6 * 10
-6X+0.0013, R
2=0.9912 (formula 4)
Wherein: x is earth pressure cell or sensor signal value, unit: mv; Y is force value, unit: MPa; R is index of correlation.
Know the calibration coefficient ξ of 1#BX series resistance formula earth pressure cell by demarcating fitting formula
1=0.3497, the calibration coefficient η of pore water pressure sensor
1=6 * 10
-6
The operating principle of resistance-type earth pressure cell is the strain that the bridge circuit that foil gauge 4 forms reflects to be converted into the variation of resistance and with the formal output of voltage.The design formulas of soil pressure:
σ=V * ξ (formula 5)
In the formula, σ-total stress; The V output voltage values; The ξ calibration coefficient.
Pore water pressure sensor is exported with voltage signal, and pore water pressure calculates formula:
U=v * η (formula 6)
In the formula, the u-pore water pressure; The v-output voltage values; The η calibration coefficient.
With t
1The output valve V substitution formula 5 of 1#BX series resistance formula earth pressure cell constantly obtains the total stress σ of this moment country rock
1, in the same way the output valve V of the earth pressure cell of each collection processed, obtain altogether n group data: (the σ
1, t
1), (σ
2, t
2) ... .., (σ
n, t
n); Wherein, n represents the times of collection in experimental period; Take country rock total stress σ as the longitudinal axis, set up coordinate system take time t as transverse axis, the n group data that obtain are expressed as σ-t tense curve, i.e. surrouding rock stress tense curve in this coordinate system.
In like manner, with t
1The output valve v substitution formula 6 of 1# pore water pressure sensor constantly obtains the pore water pressure u in this moment
1, in the same way the output valve v of the pore water pressure sensor of each collection processed, also obtain n group data: (the u
1, t
1), (u
2, t
2) ... .., (u
n, t
n); Wherein, n represents the times of collection in experimental period; Take pore water pressure u as the longitudinal axis, set up coordinate system take time t as transverse axis, the n group data that obtain are expressed as u-t tense curve, i.e. pore water pressure tense curve in this coordinate system.
According to principle of effective stress: σ
e=σ-u deducts the effective stress σ that pore water pressure u obtains this moment with resulting country rock total stress σ of each moment
e, with effective stress σ
eBe the longitudinal axis, take time t as transverse axis, can get effective stress σ
e-t tense curve, i.e. effective stress tense curve.So far, obtain processing the effective stress tense curve that obtains by the data of 1# sensor group collection.
In like manner obtain processing the effective stress tense curve that obtains by the data of all the other 7 sensor groups collections.
According to technical scheme of the present invention, the surrouding rock stress monitoring continues 60 days (on August 10th, 1 2011 on June 10th, 2011) altogether in this Red Clay constructing tunnel process, frequency acquisition is 10min/ time, the monitoring result of part monitoring point is seen Fig. 6～Fig. 7, T1～T4 represents the country rock σ of 1#～4# monitoring point-t tense curve among the figure, K1～K4 represents the u of 1#～4# monitoring point-t tense curve, and passage 1～passage 4 represents the effective stress σ of 1#～4# monitoring point
e-t tense curve (see figure 8).Country rock total stress and pore water pressure by each monitoring point can be found out, using measuring method of the present invention and system can measure the lower Red Clay tunnel of crevice water impact pore water pressure (is found out by curve the influence degree of total stress, maximum value is about 5%), this is existing railway norm and other engineering survey methods and installs and can't finish.By case verification, method of the present invention is feasible, and measurement result is accurate, precision is higher, can adjust constructure scheme for the later stage is real-time foundation is provided.
Claims (3)
1. the measuring system of the Red Clay tunnel surrounding stress under a crevice water affects is characterized in that, comprises signal amplifier, data acquisition unit, host computer, power supply and 8 sensor groups; Wherein, each described sensor group is comprised of a resistance-type earth pressure cell and a pore water pressure sensor, the output of each resistance-type earth pressure cell and each pore water pressure sensor is all by signal amplifier connection data collector, and the data acquisition unit output connects host computer; Described power supply connection data collector, signal amplifier, resistance-type earth pressure cell and pore water pressure sensor are its power supply; Described 8 sensor groups are installed in respectively vault, haunch both sides, abutment wall both sides, arch springing both sides and the inverted arch position of Red Clay tunnel monitoring section;
By the resistance-type earth pressure cell of described 8 sensor groups and pore water pressure sensor Real-time Collection soil pressure and water pressure data, the data that collect send to data acquisition unit through signal amplifier, data acquisition unit is by the certain frequency image data and send it to host computer, by host computer the data that receive is processed.
2. the measuring system of the Red Clay tunnel surrounding stress under crevice water as claimed in claim 1 affects, it is characterized in that, described resistance-type earth pressure cell comprises can body (6), resistance strain gage (2), terminal plate (3) and top cover (5), can body (6) bottom surface is zinc-plated as stressed film (1), be fixed with bridge circuit and terminal plate (3) that resistance strain gage (2) forms in the can body (6), the bridge circuit that resistance strain gage (2) forms is close to can body (6) inner bottom surface, and described terminal plate (3) is positioned at the top of the bridge circuit of resistance strain gage (2) composition; The bridge circuit that resistance strain gage (2) forms is drawn can body (6) by terminal plate (3) by holding wire (4), at can body (6) top top cover (5) is installed.
3. a method of utilizing measurement mechanism claimed in claim 1 to carry out the measurement of the Red Clay tunnel surrounding stress under the crevice water impact is characterized in that, specifically comprises the steps:
1) assembling of measuring system: comprise assembling, the signal amplifier of welding, the power module of sensor group installation, holding wire connection and with the coupling of data acquisition unit.
2) demarcation of sensor: respectively resistance-type earth pressure cell, pore water pressure sensor are demarcated, obtained resistance-type earth pressure cell calibration curve and pore water pressure sensor calibration curve;
3) burying underground of sensor: adopt the blind pipe leads method, 8 sensor groups are fixed to respectively on 8 monitoring points of Red Clay tunnel monitoring section, 8 monitoring points lay respectively at vault, haunch both sides, abutment wall both sides, arch springing both sides and inverted arch position; Bury underground from the vault hole of progressively cutting the earth to both sides in order, bury the direction of noting earth pressure cell in the process underground, guarantee that the stressed film 1 of earth pressure cell is radially vertical with barrel, buried depth 30cm-50cm is then with the earthen backfill soil cave and tamp;
4) data acquisition: log-on data collector before measuring beginning, record is preserved the initialize signal of each sensor group and is sent to host computer; Measure beginning, the reading of each sensor group changes along with the variation of soil pressure, resistance-type earth pressure cell and pore water pressure sensor be Real-time Collection soil pressure and water pressure data respectively, and send signal to data acquisition unit in real time, the signal that data acquisition unit receives with certain frequency collection and record, gather n time altogether in the measuring process, and in real time the signal that collects is sent to host computer;
5) data are processed: the signal that host computer sends by data acquisition unit obtains the initial value of resistance-type earth pressure cell and pore water pressure sensor, also namely measures initial surrouding rock stress and the pore water pressure of front each monitoring point of beginning; Calibration curve to each sensor group carries out the fitting formula that again match obtains fitted calibration curve and correspondence; Learn the calibration coefficient ξ of resistance-type earth pressure cell and the calibration coefficient η of pore water pressure sensor by demarcating fitting formula;
Calculate country rock total stress σ by formula 5:
σ=V * ξ (formula 5)
In the formula, σ-country rock total stress; V-output voltage values; ξ-calibration coefficient;
Calculate pore water pressure u by formula 6:
U=v * η (formula 6)
In the formula, u-pore water pressure; V-output voltage values; η-calibration coefficient;
With a certain moment t
1The output valve V substitution formula 5 of the 1#BX series resistance formula earth pressure cell that gathers obtains the total stress σ of this moment country rock
1, in the same way the output valve V of the 1#BX series resistance formula earth pressure cell of each collection processed, obtain altogether n group data: (the σ
1, t
1), (σ
2, t
2) ... .., (σ
n, t
n); Wherein, n represents the times of collection in experimental period; Take country rock total stress σ as the longitudinal axis, set up coordinate system take time t as transverse axis, the n group data that obtain are expressed as σ-t tense curve in this coordinate system; In like manner, the n group data that obtain are expressed as u-t tense curve, i.e. pore water pressure tense curve in this coordinate system; Gathering each constantly, resulting country rock total stress σ deducts the effective stress σ that pore water pressure u obtains this moment
e, with effective stress σ
eBe the longitudinal axis, take time t as transverse axis, obtain effective stress σ
e-t tense curve; So far, obtain processing the effective stress tense curve that obtains by the data of 1# sensor group collection; In like manner, obtain processing the effective stress tense curve that obtains by the data of all the other 7 sensor groups collections.
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Application publication date: 20130501 |