CN101684894A - Pipeline leakage monitoring method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pipeline leakage monitoring method and a pipeline leakage monitoring device. Relates to the technical field of measurement of sound waves, measurement of fluid pressure and pipeline systems. The method is characterized in that a set of dynamic pressure sensors (1a) and (1b) and static pressure sensors (2a) and (2b) are respectively arranged at the head end and the tail end of a pipeline, acoustic signals measured by the dynamic pressure sensors (1a) and (1b) and the static pressure sensors (2a) and (2b) are respectively processed by data acquisition devices (3a) and (3b), and leakage signals are taken out; meanwhile, a Global Positioning System (GPS) is adopted to determine the time of transmitting the leakage sound wave signals to the two ends of the monitoring pipe section; the leakage point can be positioned by adding or subtracting the acquired time and multiplying the acquired time by the propagation speed of the sound wave in the medium. The invention can reliably and accurately judge the leakage in the pipeline and improve the monitoring sensitivity. Has fast response speed and high positioning precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of line leakage method and device.The measurement, measuring fluid pressure and the pipe-line system technical field that relate to sound wave.
Background technique
Pipe leakage not only causes enormous economic loss, and can cause injures and deaths of environmental pollution, personnel etc., find that in time pipeline accident and eliminating accident are the important steps of safety in production, therefore set up reliable leakage monitoring system, provide continuous uninterrupted to detect to pipeline, have more and more important meaning in the safety in production of reality.In recent years, pipeline leakage monitoring and orientation problem more and more are subject to people's attention.
The Chinese invention patent application number is that 99107241.3 and 200410019451.6 file discloses based on static pressure is the line leakage method of suction wave technology.The Chinese invention patent application number is that 200710097721.9 file discloses the leakage monitoring method based on dynamic low-frequency technology.What it disclosed is the generation of judging the pipe leakage incident according to the dynamic pressure signal of gathering.Above patent has all been done concrete introduction in its patent application document, no longer set forth at this.
Be subjected to on-the-spot technological operation as transferring interference of noise such as valve, pressurization, a termination of pumping, use line leakage system all to have the rate of false alarm problem of higher separately based on dynamic pressure or static pressure.And no matter be dynamic pressure transducer or traditional pressure static pressure sensor, reflection all be the Partial Feature of leakage signal, therefore, two kinds of sensor signals are carried out Conjoint Analysis, can obtain more information about leaking.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to invent a kind of reliably, line leakage method and device accurately.
Leakage monitoring method provided by the invention be by be installed in pipeline head, terminal dynamically and static pressure sensor detect and leak dynamic pressure sound wave and the static pressure acoustic signals that cause in the pipeline and judge leakage along pipe transmmision, and determine the leak source position to the time difference of pipeline head, end according to acoustic wave propagation.
Specifically be one cover dynamic pressure transducer 1a, 1b and static pressure sensor 2a, 2b respectively to be installed at pipeline head, end, the acoustic signals that this dynamic pressure transducer 1a, 1b and static pressure sensor 2a, 2b measure is handled through data acquisition unit 3a, 3b respectively, taken out leakage signal; Adopt global timing system GPS to determine to leak the time that acoustic signals passes to monitoring pipeline section two ends simultaneously; Multiply by the velocity of propagation of sound wave in medium after the time of gathering added and subtracted mutually can position leakage point.
Utilize sound wave detecting method to have two kinds of methods to detect, promptly measure dynamic pressure and static absolute pressure.The method that adopts dynamic pressure transducer 1a, 1b to measure dynamic pressure has higher sensitivity than the suction wave method that adopts pressure transmitter measurement absolute pressure commonly used, because: negative pressure wave method utilizes the absolute pressure signal of pressure transmitter to carry out Leak testtion, what pressure transmitter reflected is the operating pressure of pipeline, leaks the sub-fraction that the variation in pressure that causes only accounts for the pressure transmitter range usually.And dynamic pressure transducer 1a, 1b directly measure is the dynamic change of pipeline pressure, and by suitable adjustment, dynamic pressure transducer 1a, 1b can reflect the variation in pressure that pipe leakage causes as much as possible.Therefore, the line leakage based on dynamic pressure transducer 1a, 1b has higher sensitivity than the line leakage based on pressure transmitter.Certainly, for variation in pressure occasion slowly, adopt pressure transmitter can detect the change of pressure, dynamic pressure transducer then not necessarily responds.
This pipeline leakage monitor installs and is made up of base station and central station device two-part as shown in Figure 1, and central station is generally a device, and the base station then is made up of several according to pipe condition.Below be that example is illustrated with the base station a that is installed in an end in pipeline head, the end.
Base station portion comprises dynamic pressure transducer 1a, static pressure sensor 2a, data capture transmitting set 3a, GPS whole world timing system; The central station part is made up of central computer and GPS.Generally be that each pipeline website at pipeline is provided with a base station, central station then manages the base station of whole piece pipeline.One cover dynamic pressure transducer 1a and static pressure sensor 2a respectively is installed in the head of monitoring pipeline section, terminal base station, sensor output signal passes to data capture transmitting set 3a by actuating cable, and data acquisition unit 3a can be the mode or the data acquisition unit+remote transmission unit modes such as (RTU) of data collecting card+computer.When implementing to install, sensor is installed in the process island of oil transportation station, and it is indoor that the data capture transmitting set is installed in the station control.The Placement of base station and central station device 4 is determined by the communication mode between each oil transportation station, the base station is transferred to central station computer by suitable communication mode with valid data, computer by central station device 4 carries out the analysis and judgement processing to data, then sends acoustooptic alarm and location if any leaking.
The base station apparatus that is installed in pipeline head, end is gathered pressure signal, promptly measure the dynamic pressure and the static pressure at monitoring pipeline section two ends simultaneously by each one group of dynamic pressure transducer 1a that is installed in pipeline head, end and static pressure sensor 2a, the dynamic pressure and the static pressure data of gathering are in real time passed to data capture transmitting set 3a, and data capture transmitting set 3a arrives the central station central computer with information transmission.Central station computer judges through data processing whether pipeline leaks, in case discovery incident of leakage system reports to the police and locatees.
Communication mode between base station and the central station device 4 can be telephone communication, satellite communication or optical fiber communication by the decision of the communication mode between each oil transportation station of pipeline.GPS determines to leak acoustic signals passes to monitoring pipeline section two ends from leakage point time; Data capture transmitting set 3a handles static pressure and dynamic pressure data simultaneously, thereby judges contingent leakage in the pipeline, the sensitivity that has improved leakage monitoring system according to variation in pressure.
Wherein:
Dynamic pressure transducer 1a adopts piezoelectric pressure transducer, the directly dynamic change of measuring channel pressure, and by suitable adjustment, dynamic pressure transducer can reflect the variation in pressure that pipe leakage causes as much as possible;
The circuit of this pipeline leakage monitor as shown in Figure 2, be installed in pipeline head, the output of the dynamic pressure transducer 1a of terminal each end connects the signal processing circuit of being made up of three-stage operational amplifier earlier, convert to 4～20mA electric current output back and static pressure sensor 2a 4～20mA output each receive the input end of data collecting card PCI6023E among the data capture transmitting set 3a through one 250 Ω resistance, pass to computer UNO3072 among the data capture transmitting set 3a through pci bus again, GPS also connects the input of computer simultaneously, the output of each base station computer is through transferring to the input of central station device 4 computers, GPS also connects the input of the computer of central station device 4 simultaneously, and the output of central station device 4 computers connects display device and warning circuit.
Another b base station and above-mentioned a base station are identical, just repeat no more.
The present invention can judge contingent leakage in the pipeline, the sensitivity that has improved leakage monitoring system reliably, exactly according to variation in pressure.Having reaction velocity and very high Location accuracy fast, can in time detect leakage, prevent that leakage accident from enlarging, reduce fluid loss and try to gain time precious to one, is a kind of extensively leakage monitoring method of attention that is subjected to.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 pipeline leakage monitor theory diagram
Fig. 2 pipeline leakage monitor signal flow graph
Fig. 3 is dynamic, the static pressure plotted curve
Wherein
1a-dynamic pressure transducer 2a-static pressure transmitter
1b-dynamic pressure transducer 2b-static pressure transmitter
3a-data capture transmitting set 3b-data capture transmitting set
4-central station device
Embodiment
Embodiment: also the present invention is further illustrated with this example the specific embodiment of the present invention to be described.This example is an experimental prototype, and it constitutes as shown in Figure 1.
This pipeline leakage monitor comprises dynamic pressure transducer 1a, 1b, static pressure sensor 2a, 2b, data capture transmitting set 3a, 3b, GPS whole world timing system; The acoustic pressure wave signal that these two groups of dynamic pressure transducer 1a, 1b and static pressure sensor 2a, 2b measure is handled through data capture transmitting set 3a, 3b respectively, taken out leakage signal; Acoustic signals passes to monitoring pipeline section two ends from leakage point time is leaked in GPS whole world timing system collection simultaneously; Multiply by the velocity of propagation of sound wave in medium after the time of gathering added and subtracted mutually can position leakage point.
Be that example is illustrated with a base station still below, the b base station is identical.
Each the one group of dynamic pressure transducer 1a and the static sonic sensor 2a output that are installed in pipeline head, end respectively connect a data capture transmitting set, and this data capture transmitting set 3a is transferred to central station computer with the acoustic pressure wave data that collect by the wan communication mode.Be that 94.2 kilometers product pipelines are tested the experimental prototype model is described with a length below.
The circuit of this pipeline leakage monitor as shown in Figure 2, be installed in pipeline head, the output of the dynamic pressure transducer 1a of terminal each end connects the signal processing circuit of being made up of three-stage operational amplifier earlier, convert to 4～20mA output back and static pressure sensor 2a 4～20mA output each receive the input end of data collecting card PCI6023E among the data capture transmitting set 3a through one 250 Ω resistance, pass to computer UNO3072 among the data capture transmitting set 3a through pci bus again, GPS also inserts computer simultaneously, the signal output of each base station computer is through transferring to the input of central station device 4 computers, GPS also inserts central station device 4 computers simultaneously, and the output of central station device 4 computers connects display device and warning circuit.
Wherein:
Dynamic pressure transducer 1a adopts piezoelectric pressure transducer, model Y-YD-7044A, and the directly dynamic change of measuring channel pressure, by suitable adjustment, dynamic pressure transducer can reflect the variation in pressure that pipe leakage causes as much as possible;
The signal processing circuit that three-stage operational amplifier is formed: the charge amplifier that the first order is made up of operational amplifier A D459, by capacitor C
1With resistance R
1Be connected between 2,6 ends and form feedback loop, 7 termination voltage sources; Resistance R
3Connect the first order and the second level, the voltage amplifier that the second level is made up of operational amplifier LF256, potentiometer R
5Be connected between 2,6 ends and form negative feedback loop, 7 termination voltage sources, operational amplifier LF256 "+" input end is through R
4Ground connection; The current loop circuit that the third level is made up of operational amplifier XTL115, the upper level signal is through resistance R
6Connect input 2 ends at the corresponding levels, base stage (B) and the emitter (E) of output 6,5 termination power tube 2N4922, the collector electrode of power tube connects power end, operational amplifier XTL115 "-" input end grounding, capacitor C
3Be connected on output 7,4 ends.
Here:
C
1：100pf；
R
1：10MΩ；
C
2：0.1uf；
R
3：10kΩ；
R
4：10kΩ；
R
5：100kΩ；
R
6：20kΩ；
C
3：0.01uf；
In implementation process, divide following several steps to carry out:
1, the base station apparatus of pipeline leakage monitor one end is made up of dynamic pressure transducer 1a, static pressure transmitter 2a, data capture transmitting set 3a, and the base station apparatus of the other end is made up of dynamic pressure transducer 1b, static pressure transmitter 2b, data capture transmitting set 3b; Base station apparatus is finished the data capture and the initial analysis of dynamic pressure, static pressure, and arrives central station device 4 by communications, by central station the pipe ends information of collecting is carried out computational analysis, judges to leak and also calculates the leakage point position.
2, respectively dynamic pressure transducer 1a, 1b signal are adopted wavelet analysis method, adopt segmentation detection Mean Method to carry out the leakage signal judgement to the static pressure signal, if above-mentioned two sensor signal detection judged results have warning, then corresponding sensor-signal is carried out leakage positioning; Dynamic pressure transducer 1a, 1b signal adopt the wavelet analysis method location, and this method determines that by the extreme value of upstream and downstream data wavelet conversion coefficient leakage signal propagates into the time difference of upstream and downstream, thereby realize the location; Pressure sensor signal adopts the correlation analysis method location, and correlation analysis utilizes the extreme value acquisition leakage signal of correlation function to propagate into the time difference of upstream and downstream, thereby positions then from the similarity principle of two signals;
3, adopt the ballot mode that final Leak testtion result is estimated, detailed process is as follows: at first to every kind of sensor and positioning result given " value of statistical indicant ", when testing result was warning, its value of statistical indicant was 1, otherwise is 0; To positioning result, positioning result exists and effectively the time, its value of statistical indicant is 1, otherwise is 0, and aggregate votes are 4 like this, have only percentage of votes obtained to surpass at 75% o'clock, and just assert has the leakage generation.
Fig. 3 has provided this routine test result, as can be seen from the figure, compare with single suction wave or dynamic pressure sound wave leakage monitoring system, above-mentioned leakage monitoring system has been got rid of effectively owing to transfer valve, pressurization, play the wrong report that on-the-spot technological operation such as termination of pumping and other noises cause, system's positioning error is about 100 meters.
This example also testing circuit through test of many times, can judge the leakage that takes place in the pipeline reliably, exactly, and highly sensitive, the reaction velocity of leakage monitoring reaches the Location accuracy height soon.
Claims (5)
1. line leakage method, it is characterized in that one cover dynamic pressure transducer (1a), (1b) and static pressure sensor (2a), (2b) respectively being installed at pipeline head, end, the acoustic signals that this dynamic pressure transducer (1a), (1b) and static pressure sensor (2a), (2b) are measured passes through data acquisition unit (3a) respectively, (3b) handles, and takes out leakage signal; Adopt global timing system GPS to determine to leak the time that acoustic signals passes to monitoring pipeline section two ends simultaneously; Multiply by the velocity of propagation of sound wave in medium after the time of gathering added and subtracted mutually can position leakage point.
2. a kind of pipeline leakage monitor according to the described a kind of line leakage method of claim 1 is characterized in that being made up of base station and central station device (4) two-part; Base station portion comprises dynamic pressure transducer (1a), static pressure sensor (2a), data capture transmitting set (3a), GPS whole world timing system; Central station device (4) is made up of central computer and GPS; Each pipeline website at pipeline is provided with a base station, and central station then manages the base station of whole piece pipeline; One cover dynamic pressure transducer (1a) and static pressure sensor (2a) respectively is installed in the head of monitoring pipeline section, terminal base station, sensor output is received data capture transmitting set (3a) by actuating cable, sensor is installed in the process island of oil transportation station, and it is indoor that the data capture transmission module is installed in the station control; The Placement of base station and central station device (4) is determined by the communication mode between each oil transportation station, be telephone communication, satellite communication or optical fiber communication, the base station is transferred to central station computer by suitable communication mode with valid data, computer by central station device (4) carries out the analysis and judgement processing to data, then sends acoustooptic alarm and location if any leaking;
The base station apparatus that is installed in pipeline head, end is gathered pressure signal, promptly measure the dynamic pressure and the static pressure at monitoring pipeline section two ends simultaneously by each one group of dynamic pressure transducer (1a) that is installed in pipeline head, end and static pressure sensor (2a), the dynamic pressure and the static pressure data of gathering are in real time passed to data capture transmitting set (3a), and data capture transmitting set (3a) arrives the central station center-controlling computer with information transmission; Central station computer judges through data processing whether pipeline leaks, in case discovery incident of leakage system reports to the police and locatees.
3. a kind of pipeline leakage monitor according to claim 2, the electric principle that it is characterized in that this device is mounted in pipeline head, the output of the dynamic pressure transducer (1a) of terminal each end connects the signal processing circuit of being made up of three-stage operational amplifier earlier, each receives the I/O connector of data capture transmitting set (3a) PCI6023E the output of back and static pressure sensor (2a) through one 500 Ω potentiometers, wherein the I/O connector in data capture transmitting set (3a) PCI6023E connects pci bus through the A/D conversion, the output of data capture transmitting set (3a) connects the input of computer UNO3072, GPS also connects the input of computer simultaneously, the output of each base station computer is through transferring to the input of central station device (4) computer, GPS also connects the input of the computer of central station device (4) simultaneously, and the output of central station device (4) computer connects display device and warning circuit.
4. according to claim 2 and 3 described a kind of pipeline leakage monitors, it is characterized in that described data acquisition unit (3a) is data collecting card+computer mode or data acquisition unit+remote transmission unit mode.
5. according to claim 2 and 3 described a kind of pipeline leakage monitors, it is characterized in that described dynamic pressure transducer (1a) adopts piezoelectric pressure transducer, static pressure sensor (2a) adopts the pressure transmitter that generally adopts on the pipeline.
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