CN101022284B - A normalization method and device for symbols received by a wireless receiver - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种用于无线接收机接收符号的归一化方法及装置，包括增益控制补偿和存储模块，用于对接收链路输出的接收符号与其对应的增益放大倍数的倒数相乘，得到增益控制补偿后的符号S；符号平均值计算模块，用于对同一批的补偿后的符号绝对值进行累加，得到全部补偿符号的累加和Stotal以及符号总个数num，求解符号平均值Saverage＝Stotal/num；归一化系数计算模块，用于根据输入到前向纠错解码器的数据位宽，确定归一化均值P，求解归一化系数C＝P/Saverage；归一化模块，用于将系数C与该批中补偿后的符号S分别相乘，并取整的定点位宽W，得到归一化后的符号。本发明使归一化后的数据与天线接收点的信号强度保持一致，从而使得接收链路的性能得到明显提高。
A normalization method and device for receiving symbols of a wireless receiver, including a gain control compensation and a storage module, used to multiply the received symbols output by the receiving link and the reciprocal of the corresponding gain amplification factor to obtain the gain control compensation After the symbol S; the symbol mean calculation module, used for accumulating the absolute value of the same batch of compensated symbols, obtaining the cumulative sum S total of all compensation symbols and the total number of symbols num, and solving the symbol mean value S average =S total /num; normalization coefficient calculation module, used to determine the normalization mean value P according to the data bit width input to the forward error correction decoder, and solve the normalization coefficient C=P/S average ; normalization module , which is used to multiply the coefficient C and the compensated symbols S in the batch respectively, and round the fixed-point bit width W to obtain the normalized symbols. The invention keeps the normalized data consistent with the signal strength of the antenna receiving point, so that the performance of the receiving link is obviously improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is used for the data processing of the reception link of wireless receiver, is particularly useful for the normalization that mobile communication such as WCDMA receives the receiving symbol before the forward error correction coding in the link.
Background technology
In mobile communication system, wireless environment is very complicated, and therefore the change in signal strength that receives in receiving link is very big.The handling process of wireless receiver is as shown in Figure 1: the signal that antenna receives amplifies (AGC) at radio-frequency transmitter through gain, obtain analog baseband signal, be digital baseband signal by analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) then, digital baseband signal obtains receiving symbol through the multistep treatment that receives link, receiving symbol enters forward error correction decoder (as turbo or viterbi decoder) through after the normalization.Because the intensity of antenna receiving signal in continuous variation, therefore makes the reception antenna signal through after amplifying by variable gain control, the intensity of the digital baseband signal that obtains remains in certain scope.
In the data processing that receives link, in order to guarantee that receiving link can have reasonable performance, need keep the precision of data as far as possible.In the system design of reality, generally use the method for fast floating-point to guarantee that the precision of symbol can satisfy the demands in the entire process process.The symbol of representing to receive such as the method for using the 10bit truth of a matter, 6bit index (wherein the truth of a matter is complement representation, highest order is-symbol position, and an inferior high position must be opposite with sign bit; Index also is complement representation).In order to guarantee the accuracy requirement in the processing procedure, before decoding FEC, all use the data representation method of this fast floating-point usually.But concerning viterbi and turbo decoder, the method for expressing above using can make the design of decoder very complicated; Therefore when receiving symbol is input to decoder, usually all need data are carried out normalization, floating number is expressed as the fixedly fixed-point number of bit wide, such as the integer that is expressed as 8 bit wides, if it is good inadequately that this normalization is done, the data precision that keeps is previously reduced significantly, the performance of receiver is had bigger influence.
In the present patent, generally all be concerned about the path normalization of forward error correction decoder inside; Normalization problem for the input data is mentioned very fewly, mentions among the patent US2004162043 of a Motorola and utilizes gain controlling when normalization data to be compensated.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of method for normalizing and device that is used for receiving symbol with wireless receiver, the data after the normalization and the signal strength signal intensity of antenna acceptance point is consistent, thereby makes the performance that receives link be improved significantly.
In order to address the above problem, the present invention proposes a kind of method for normalizing that is used for receiving symbol with wireless receiver, may further comprise the steps:
(a), obtain the symbol S behind the gain control compensation to the reciprocal multiplication of the receiving symbol that the receives link output gain multiplication factor corresponding with it;
(b) to adding up, all compensated adding up and S of symbol with the symbol absolute value after a collection of compensation
Total, and total number n um of symbol, find the solution symbol mean value S
Average=S
Total/ num;
(c) according to the data bit width that is input to forward error correction decoder, determine normalization average value P, and then find the solution normalization coefficient C=P/S
Average
(d) the symbol S that normalization coefficient C and this batch are middle after compensating is multiplied each other respectively, and the fixed point bit wide W that rounds, obtain the symbol after the normalization.
Further, above-mentioned method for normalizing also can have following characteristics:
In the step (b), be that num symbol that the data block that is used for decoding FEC that receives is all is as carrying out normalization together with a collection of symbol.
Further, above-mentioned method for normalizing also can have following characteristics:
In the step (a), be that all symbols in the described data block are divided into many groups, every group code is got a gain and is amplified the computing that the AGC value is used for above-mentioned gain control compensation.
Further, above-mentioned method for normalizing also can have following characteristics:
Normalization average value P calculates according to data bit width w in the step (c), and normalization average value P is taken as 2
W-2, described w is an integer.
Further, above-mentioned method for normalizing also can have following characteristics:
The saturated cut position of integer part of the value after the fixed point bit wide W that rounds in the step (d) is meant C and symbol S multiplied each other is to the W bit wide, and W is by the data bit width decision of system configuration.
Further, above-mentioned method for normalizing also can have following characteristics:
Receive the receiving symbol of link output and the data that the AGC value is fast floating data form in the step (a).
The normalization device that is used for receiving symbol with wireless receiver provided by the invention comprises:
Gain control compensation and memory module are used for the reciprocal multiplication to the receiving symbol that the receives link output gain multiplication factor corresponding with it, obtain the symbol S behind the gain control compensation;
Symbol mean value calculation module is used for all being compensated adding up and S of symbol to adding up with the symbol absolute value after a collection of compensation
Total, and total number n um of symbol, find the solution symbol mean value S
Average=S
Total/ num;
The normalization coefficient computing module is used for determining normalization average value P, and then finding the solution normalization coefficient C=P/S according to the data bit width that is input to forward error correction decoder
Average
The normalization module, the symbol S after being used for normalization coefficient C and this batch compensated multiplies each other respectively, and the fixed point bit wide W that rounds, and obtains the symbol after the normalization.
Further, above-mentioned normalization device also can have following characteristics:
Described symbol mean value calculation module is that num symbol that the data block that is used for decoding FEC that receives is all is as carrying out the symbol mean value calculation together with a collection of symbol.
Further, above-mentioned normalization device also can have following characteristics:
Described gain control compensation and memory module are that all symbols in the described data block are divided into many groups, and every group code reads a gain amplification AGC value and carries out the computing of above-mentioned gain control compensation.
Further, above-mentioned normalization device also can have following characteristics:
Described normalization coefficient computing module is to calculate normalization average value P=2 according to data bit width w
W-2, described w is an integer.
Further, above-mentioned normalization device also can have following characteristics:
Described normalization module be the saturated cut position of integer part of the value after C and symbol S are multiplied each other to the W bit wide, W is by the data bit width decision of system configuration.
Further, above-mentioned normalization device also can have following characteristics:
The receiving symbol of the reception link output that described gain control compensation and memory module receive and the AGC value that reads are the data of fast floating data form.
Compared with prior art, the floating data symbol that the present invention obtains the reception link carries out the AGC compensation, the signal magnitude that the size of symbol is compensated to antenna reception place is consistent, and to the compensation after symbol carry out mean value computation, obtain normalization coefficient, utilize this normalization coefficient that whole symbols are carried out normalization, guarantee that the bit wide of whole symbols reaches optimum.It is optimum that thereby the performance that makes decoder reaches, and carries out normalization with direct symbol with maximum as benchmark and compare, and generally can improve the performance 0.2～0.5db of receiver.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a wireless receiving link schematic diagram in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is the method flow diagram among the embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the structure drawing of device among the embodiment.
Embodiment
A kind of fairly simple method for normalizing is from all data, and one that finds the index maximum as benchmark, and other symbol carries out normalization successively as benchmark.One such as maximum in the receiving symbol is a * 2
b(truth of a matter is a, and index is b), then as follows for whole symbol method for normalizing: suppose to treat that the exponential quantity of normalization symbol is c, then with the truth of a matter of this symbol divided by 2
B-cNormalized value as this symbol.This method operation is fairly simple, but defective is very obvious, just in case we have the value of a symbol very big in the receiving symbol, be that b is bigger, can make other symbol become very little, thereby make the service efficiency that quantizes bit wide very low, the data precision after the normalization is lower, thereby reduces the performance of receiver.In addition since the multiplication factor of variable gain control in continuous adjustment, so the size of receiving symbol can not represent the intensity of reception antenna place wireless signal, this performance to receiver also has certain influence.
The present invention proposes a kind of method for normalizing that is used for receiving symbol with wireless receiver, can avoid because the value of certain mismark is excessive, thereby force down the precision of other symbols, make the symbol be input to forward error correction decoder (viterbi or turbo) reach optimum from precision, on the weights also with antenna on the signal that receives be consistent.
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of method for normalizing that is used for receiving symbol with wireless receiver may further comprise the steps:
Compensation method is the symbol S after the reciprocal multiplication of gain multiplication factor that symbol is corresponding with it is compensated, and the data after representing to compensate with fast floating number are S=sa * 2
Sb, wherein, sa is the truth of a matter, sb is an index.
In respective instance, receiving the symbol that link provides is the floating number of the 10bit truth of a matter, 6bit exponential representation, altogether with 16bit represent (wherein the truth of a matter requires to be the full accuracy representing of complement code, highest order is-symbol position, an inferior high position is necessary opposite with sign bit; Index also is complement representation), then the scope of the truth of a matter is [512 ,-257] and [256,511]; The scope of index is [32,31].The data block that is used for decoding FEC that receives is 60 symbols, and is as shown in table 1.
Here determine that scope is for the precision that makes the counting expression is the highest, and the back is calculated when adding up summation fairly simple.
Table 1
Because the variation of yield value (AGC) is general relatively slowly, then each AGC is corresponding with a group code.The inverse of AGC offset also is a floating number, and the truth of a matter is a positive number, and index is the symbolic number of complement representation, is assumed to be the 8bit truth of a matter, the 5bit index, and then the scope of the truth of a matter is [128,255] and [256 ,-129], the exponential representation scope is [16,15].Per 10 of the symbol that we receive is got an AGC value, and the inverse of the 6 group AGC values corresponding with 6 set of received symbols is respectively (front is the truth of a matter, and the back is an index):
AGC1＝[165，-5]，AGC2＝[205，-5]，AGC3＝[135，-4]，AGC4＝[169，-3]，AGC5＝[175，-4]，AGC6＝[209，-6]。
As after first group of first symbol compensation being :-302 * 2
8* (165 * 2
-5)=-389 * 2
10, all the other and the like.
In the respective instance, obtain adding up and being 435 * 2 of all symbol absolute values
16, total number of symbols is 60.
In the respective instance, 435 * 2
16/ 60=464 * 2
10
If data bit width is w, then normalization average value is taken as 2
W-2, described w is an integer.
Data bit width is determined that by whole system in native system, w can think a parameter, and different bit wide w may select in different systems.Here normalization average value can only select 2
W-2, because this value just is on the neutrality line, purpose is exactly in order to make the value after the normalization that maximum expression precision can be arranged.
In the respective instance, when w=8 (bit wide that we input to decoder is 8 fixed-point numbers), then normalization coefficient is: C=2
8-2/ (464 * 2
10)=2
-4/ 464.
Step 160 is calculated normalized value S
Normalized, promptly the compensation symbol with normalization coefficient and earlier stored multiplies each other S
Normalized=C * S=num * sa * 2
W-2-n+sb/ m, and with S
NormalizedThe saturated cut position of integer part to the W bit wide.
In the respective instance, first original symbol is-302 * 2
8, then its normalized value is:
-302×2
8×AGC0×C＝-302×2
8×(165×2
-5)×(2
-4/464)＝-54。
Greater than 127, then directly get 127 if it is noted that value after the normalization; If less than-128, then be taken as-128.Top total data is as shown in table 2 through the value after the normalization.
Table 2
Correspondingly, the normalization device that is used for receiving symbol with wireless receiver that present embodiment provides comprises gain control compensation and memory module, symbol mean value calculation module, normalization coefficient computing module and normalization module, as shown in Figure 3, and wherein:
Gain control compensation and memory module are used for the reciprocal multiplication to the receiving symbol of the fast floating data form that the receives link output gain multiplication factor corresponding with it, obtain symbol S and preservation behind the gain control compensation.Particularly, be that all symbols in the described data block are divided into many groups, every group code reads the gain amplification AGC value of a fast floating data form and carries out the computing of above-mentioned gain control compensation.The symbol that receives is that external module sends, and AGC also is that front-end module is brought.
Symbol mean value calculation module is used for all being compensated adding up and S of symbol to adding up with the symbol absolute value after a collection of compensation
Total, and total number n um of symbol, find the solution symbol mean value S
Average=S
Total/ num.In the present embodiment, be num symbol that the data block that is used for decoding FEC that receives is all as with a collection of symbol.
The normalization coefficient computing module is used for determining normalization average value P, P=2 according to the data bit width that is input to forward error correction decoder
W-2, described w is a data bit width.And then find the solution normalization coefficient C=P/S
Average
The normalization module, symbol S after being used for normalization coefficient C and this batch compensated multiplies each other respectively, and the fixed point bit wide W that rounds, and the saturated cut position of integer part of the value after C and symbol S are multiplied each other is to the W bit wide, promptly obtain the symbol after the normalization, W is by the data bit width decision of system configuration.
The present invention proposes a kind of method for normalizing that is easy to realize, make the precision of data bit width can reach optimum; And the gain controlling (AGC) that can finish simultaneously radio-frequency front-end compensates, thereby the data after the normalization and the signal strength signal intensity of antenna acceptance point are consistent; Thereby make the performance that receives link be improved significantly.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1142143A (en) * | 1995-06-30 | 1997-02-05 | 现代电子产业株式会社 | Decoder |
| CN1365545A (en) * | 2000-03-28 | 2002-08-21 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Wireless receiver and method of wireless reception |
| US6963603B1 (en) * | 2000-06-06 | 2005-11-08 | Ikanos Communication, Inc. | Method and apparatus for pre-compensation of an XDSL modem |
| US6975658B1 (en) * | 2002-06-13 | 2005-12-13 | Linear Technology Corporation | Gain normalization for automatic control of lightwave emitters |
| CN1835489A (en) * | 2005-03-16 | 2006-09-20 | 联发科技股份有限公司 | A device and method capable of compensating in-phase/quadrature phase imbalance |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1142143A (en) * | 1995-06-30 | 1997-02-05 | 现代电子产业株式会社 | Decoder |
| CN1365545A (en) * | 2000-03-28 | 2002-08-21 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Wireless receiver and method of wireless reception |
| US6963603B1 (en) * | 2000-06-06 | 2005-11-08 | Ikanos Communication, Inc. | Method and apparatus for pre-compensation of an XDSL modem |
| US6975658B1 (en) * | 2002-06-13 | 2005-12-13 | Linear Technology Corporation | Gain normalization for automatic control of lightwave emitters |
| CN1835489A (en) * | 2005-03-16 | 2006-09-20 | 联发科技股份有限公司 | A device and method capable of compensating in-phase/quadrature phase imbalance |
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