CN108650300A - Safety implementation method based on https embedded communication equipments - Google Patents
Safety implementation method based on https embedded communication equipments Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/02—Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/04—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks
- H04L63/0428—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/34—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications involving the movement of software or configuration parameters
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of safety implementation methods based on https embedded communication equipments, it is embedded in linux system in a communications device, embedded web server is transplanted in embedded systems, embedded web server uses apache servers, client more embedded communication equipments of distal end can be monitored and be controlled by browser；The apache servers are the transport protocols using https, and data are encrypted in browser and server communication process；Apache servers use cgi script dynamic generation Web page, to realize the interactivity between browser and server.Beneficial effects of the present invention are：Apache servers are built on zynq platforms, by using https transport protocols, are ensured the data transmission between equipment and browser, are improved the safety of embedded communication equipment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the safety of industrial embedded communication equipment and embedded software correlative technology fields, in insertion
Safety Design based on https on formula communication equipment, mainly a kind of safety based on https embedded communication equipments are real
Existing method.
Background technology
Since the 21th century, mobile communication technology both domestic and external and market is all in fast development, at the same time people couple
The requirement of the network coverage quality of mobile communications network is also higher and higher, also just requires communication equipment to have accordingly highly reliable
Property and high stability.In embedded communication equipment, it is to weigh to set that communication equipment can carry out reliable information exchange with terminal
One important indicator of standby security performance.
With the development of modern communications, calculating, network and microelectric technique, embedded Linux caters to a new generation's communication and sets
Standby development need.The high performance TCP/IP of Linux and internet security, stability, obtain in various communication products
Extensive use.Built-in Linux network facet Heterosis following three aspect：
(1) linux kernel inherently include abundant procotol and TCP/IP (IPv4 and IPv6) agreement, as DNS,
The SNMP (V1/2/3) etc. of Http (Apaucle, goahead etc.) and network management.(2) there is plurality of open source code network
Project.(3) Linux TCP/IP efficiency fars are higher than traditional RTOS.With built-in Linux answering extensively in communication equipment
With numerous third-party application software have also supported linux.Embedded web server is embedded technology and network technology
The product being combined is an important application of embedded technology networking.Technology of embedded Web is with its good user circle
Face, convenient remote interaction ability and as the embedded internet, information-based important means.Certainly due to embedded system
The characteristics of body, on Traditional Web services device various agreements and application memory and arithmetic speed etc. are required high, resource by
It is not easily accomplished in the embedded system of limit.Embedded web server is transplanted in embedded systems, and client can be by clear
Device of looking at is monitored and controls to more embedded communication equipments of distal end.
Currently, embedded communication equipment is more to use puppy parc and common software during network communication, it is
The invasion of malice provides more possibility.When terminal with equipment during being communicated, attacker pass through intercept browsing
Transmitting message between device and embedded web server, so that it may directly to understand information therein, therefore make in communication process
The safety of network communication can be reduced with HTTP transport protocol, be not suitable for transmitting some sensitive informations, for example account logs in, password
Deng.
Secure Socket Layer (Secure Sokcets Layer, SSL) and its successor's Transport Layer Security (Transport
Layer Security, TLS) it is a kind of security protocol that safeguard protection and data integrity are provided for network communication.TSL and
SSL is encrypted network connection in transport layer.With the fast development of Internet of Things, embedded device etc. is to secure communication of network
Requirement it is higher and higher.In order to ensure that the safe transmission of user data, HTTPS are widely used in embedded system.It is big at present
Most embedded devices are dependent on HTTPS and realize server authentication, data encryption and integrity protection.
The major function of CGI(Common gateway interface) (common gateway interface, CGI) is the visitor in communication process
Family end communicates information to Web server, by the cgi script specified by Web server deactivation come complete the processing to information with
And other specific work.Embedded web server with CGI functions can realize user and what is controlled embedded sets
Information exchange between standby.
Under current mobile communications technology and the background in the epoch of market fast development, the networking of embedded communication equipment
Influence for the safety of embedded communication equipment needs emphasis to consider the problems of as Embedded Software Design.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and provide a kind of based on https embedded communications
The safety implementation method of equipment.
The purpose of the present invention is by following technical solution to complete.It is this based on https embedded communication equipments
Safety implementation method is embedded in linux system, transplants embedded web server in embedded systems in a communications device, embedding
Enter formula web server and use apache servers, client can be by browser to more embedded communication equipments of distal end
It is monitored and controls；The apache servers are the transport protocols using https, are communicated in browser and server
Data are encrypted in journey；Apache servers use cgi script dynamic generation Web page, to realize browser
The specific interactive process of interactivity between server, browser and server is as follows：
(1), apache servers wait for the connection request of client in the ports HTTPS always, when client is to apache
It after server initiates a connection request, shakes hands by three steps between client and apache servers and sets up connection, use
Family request is sent to apache servers；
(2), after apache servers receive the HTTPS request message of client, apache servers to message into
Row parses and gives cgi script processing；
(3), cgi script reads from apache servers and transmits the various information of coming, and is solved to the request of client
It releases and handles；Cgi script operates communication equipment by calling the driving function of bottom, the return knot of communication equipment
Fruit sends apache servers to；
(4), handling result is returned to pache servers by cgi script according to CGI specifications, and pache servers are to CGI journeys
The handling result of sequence is parsed, and is generated HTTPS response messages on this basis and returned to client.
Further, client and apache servers are shaken hands by three steps to complete the encrypted work of transmission data,
The basic process of handshake phase is exactly：(1), user end to server asks for simultaneously verification public key；(2), both sides negotiate to generate " dialogue
Secret key "；(3), communication is encrypted using " dialogue secret key " in both sides.
Further, the linux system embedded in a communications device, is built by compiling bottom document
(SuSE) Linux OS is as follows：
(1), petalinux source code packets are downloaded, the tool and relevant chained library are installed under ordinary user；Configuration system
Environment creates engineering, is used for generating bottom document to create a new engineering using petalinux-create orders；
(2), bit files and sdk packets are exported from vivado engineerings, bit files are used for matching during system starts
FPGA is set, sdk packets are used for generating executable elf files and hardware initialization file f sbl；
(3), by the hardware configuration of engineering import petaLinux, by the systematic parameter of hardware configuration pass to uboot and
kernel；According to hardware configuration, corresponding modification, including serial ports, network interface, system start-up mode are made in the configuration of u-boot menus
And adjustment is re-started to the partition size of flash according to the size of bottom document；
(4), system image file is generated, can be compiled out after the parameters for the system that sets correctly can be just
U-boot the and kernel files often run；
(5), boot image BOOT.bin files are made, this document executes file by fsbl files, bit files, u-boot
Composition, system execute fsbl files to carry out the initial configuration of hardware and to the detection of ddr3 automatically after the power-up.
Further, apache servers are transplanted in the embedded system, are as follows：
(1), downloading source code packet includes：Httpd source code packets, pcre source code packets, apr source code packets, apr-util source code packets；
(2), corresponding source code packet is decompressed with tar orders, wherein apr and apr-util source code packets are unziped to httpd mesh
In srclib catalogues under record；
(3), non-crossing compiling will be carried out after pcre source codes packet and httpd source code packets decompression, then by httpd source code packets
Decompression is primary again again, and the gen_test_char tools under server catalogues are substituted for the tool that non-crossing compiling generates
Gen_test_char, then cross compile is carried out, the cross-compiler arm-linux- that cross-compiler selects xilinx specified
gnueabihf-；
(4), under the file copy to the specified directory of Target Board for carrying out cross compile generation, and corresponding soft company is established
It connects；The httpd.conf configuration files on Target Board are changed simultaneously.
The mechanism of the present invention：
(1), the present invention is the safety Design of the embedded communication equipment based on https.The design primary concern is that
Browser client equipment is monitored and is controlled during data transmission reliability and stability.It is characterized in that：If
Standby embedded linux system is that real-time stability is good, and safe, the resource of occupancy is few, supports more application software, answers
It is short with product development cycle.Linux has extensive hardware supported characteristic.Either RISC or CISC, 32 or 64
Etc. various processors, Linux can be run.The system can apply in extensive equipment.With the development of embedded technology,
Embedded Linux platform can support Web.
(2), embedded web server is the product that embedded technology and network technology are combined.Technology of embedded Web with
Its good user interface, convenient remote interaction ability and as the embedded internet, information-based important means.It passes
Unite various agreements and application on Web server memory and arithmetic speed etc. are required it is high, resource-constrained embedded
It is not easily accomplished in system.Embedded web server is transplanted in embedded systems, and client can be by browser to distal end
More embedded communication equipments be monitored and control.
In order to realize the interactivity between browser and server, need using certain server side technologies come dynamic generation
Web page.CGI technology is exactly one of them.CGI can almost be write independently of language, cgi script with any language；CGI is only
Platform is stood on, without linking together with any specific server architecture.Since the programming language independence of CGI, platform are only
The features such as vertical property become the most basic means that user is interacted by browser and embedded web server, have
The embedded web server of CGI functions can realize the interaction between user and the embedded device controlled.
(3), (SuSE) Linux OS embedded in equipment is increased than calibration into excessively special cutting and for linux kernel
The better real-time of kernel, to meet requirement of the communication equipment to real-time.In addition, according to the functional requirement of equipment, to system
Function and service cut, can reduce the volume of kernel and system with this, save hardware resource and cost.
(4), apache servers are the transport protocols for using https, and data can be encrypted in communication process
Processing, prevents transmission data to be intercepted, apache servers are its peace relative to the advantage of other embedded web servers
Full performance higher, certainly it be also required to running memory spaces more more than other embedded web servers.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：Apache servers are built on zynq platforms, are transmitted and are assisted by using https
View ensures the data transmission between equipment and browser；Https agreements are to add ssl protocol on the basis of http agreements,
SSL carrys out the identity of authentication server by certificate, and the communication between browser client and server is encrypted, and improves
The safety of embedded communication equipment.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 embedded web servers software sharing and fundamental diagram；
Fig. 2 is that three steps of SSL encryption agreement are shaken hands schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the transplanting flow of apache servers.
Specific implementation mode
Detailed introduction is done to the present invention below in conjunction with attached drawing：
The present invention transplants the embedded web server with https-secure transport protocol in embedded systems ---
apache.The hardware platform that scheme uses is the zynq zc7035 of xilinx.The chip is that ARM (double-core) and FPGA is combined
Chip.Apache servers possess higher safety compared to other embedded web servers, use https agreements.
Https agreements add ssl protocol on the basis of http agreements, and SSL carrys out the identity of authentication server by certificate, and is clear
The communication encryption look between device and server.Therefore the security performance of data transmission can effectively be improved.In addition, this system has foot
Enough memories run the server.
This safety implementation method based on https embedded communication equipments of the present invention, in a communications device
Embedded linux system, transplants embedded web server in embedded systems, and embedded web server is serviced using apache
Device, client can be monitored and control to more embedded communication equipments of distal end by browser；The apache
Server is the transport protocol using https, and data are encrypted in browser and server communication process；
Apache servers use cgi script dynamic generation Web page, clear to realize the interactivity between browser and server
Look at device and server specific interactive process it is as follows：
(1), apache servers wait for the connection request of client in the ports HTTPS always, when client is to apache
It after server initiates a connection request, shakes hands by three steps between client and apache servers and sets up connection, use
Family request is sent to apache servers；
(2), after apache servers receive the HTTPS request message of client, apache servers to message into
Row parses and gives cgi script processing；
(3), cgi script reads from apache servers and transmits the various information of coming, and is solved to the request of client
It releases and handles；Cgi script operates communication equipment by calling the driving function of bottom, the return knot of communication equipment
Fruit sends apache servers to；
(4), handling result is returned to pache servers by cgi script according to CGI specifications, and pache servers are to CGI journeys
The handling result of sequence is parsed, and is generated HTTPS response messages on this basis and returned to client.
The purpose of the present invention is completed by following several work.
(1) compiling bottom document (fsbl, bit, u-boot, kernel, rootfs), builds (SuSE) Linux OS
The linux platform buildings of the zynq xc7035 of xilinx slightly have for other arm chips in exploitation
A little differences, specific process are as follows：
A. it is developed using petalinux2016.4 versions, which is the embedded Linux that xilinx companies release
Developing instrument, specifically for the FPGA SoC chips of xilinx companies, developer can with the help of petalinux tools into
The complete development process of row, including design, are verified, emulation, download etc..Automation compiling may be implemented with the tool, simplify
Some cumbersome development process improve the efficiency of exploitation.
B. petalinux source code packets are downloaded in the official websites xilinx, the tool and relevant link is installed under ordinary user
Library；Configure system environments.Create engineering.It is used for generating bottom to create a new engineering using petalinux-create orders
Layer file.Specific execute such as is issued orders：petalinux-create--type project--template zynq--name
zynq035
C. bit files and sdk packets are exported from vivado engineerings.Bit files are used for configuring during system starts
FPGA.Sdk packets are used for generating executable elf files and hardware initialization file f sbl.
D. the hardware configuration of engineering is imported into petaLinux.The operation is substantially to pass to the systematic parameter of hardware configuration
Uboot and kernel.Including clock frequency, ddr3 parameters, flash parameters etc..According to hardware configuration, match in u-boot menus
Make corresponding modification, including serial ports in setting, network interface and divides flash according to the size of bottom document at system start-up mode
Area's size re-starts adjustment, and the flash subarea size of system default does not meet the demand of oneself project generally.
Specific execute such as is issued orders：Petalinux-config--get-hw-description=/mnt/hgfs/
share_ubuntu2/ru_top
E. system image file is generated.Can be compiled out after the parameters for the system that sets correctly can be normal
U-boot the and kernel files of operation.
Specific execute such as is issued orders：petalinux-build
F. boot image BOOT.bin files are made.This document executes file group by fsbl files, bit files, u-boot
At.System executes fsbl files to carry out the initial configuration of hardware and to the detection of ddr3 automatically after the power-up.
(2) the specific transplanting step of server：
Fig. 3 illustrates the flow of transplanting apache servers, and the specific migration process of the server is described below：
(1) tool that other software packages that need to rely on during building apache servers generate, first in official
It is off the net to carry corresponding software package.Source code packet includes：Httpd source code packets, pcre source code packets, apr source code packets, apr-util source code packets
(2) corresponding source code packet is decompressed with tar orders, wherein apr and apr-util source code packets are unziped to httpd catalogues
Under srclib catalogues in.Specific execute such as is issued orders：
tar xzvf httpd-2.4.12.tar.gz
tar xzvf pcre-8.37.tar.gz
tar xzvf apr-1.5.2.tar.gz-C httpd-2.4.12/srclib/
tar xzvf apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz-C httpd-2.4.12/srclib/
(3) non-crossing compiling will be carried out after pcre source codes packet and httpd source code packets decompression.Then by httpd source code packets
Decompression is primary again again, and the gen_test_char tools under server catalogues are substituted for the tool that non-crossing compiling generates
Gen_test_char, then cross compile is carried out, the cross-compiler arm-linux- that cross-compiler selects xilinx specified
gnueabihf-。
(4) under the file copy to the specified directory of Target Board generated into mistake cross compile.Change httpd.conf simultaneously
Configuration file.
It is exactly the migration process of entire apache servers above.
The operation principle of CGI application programs：
CGI application programs read the various information come from Web server transmission, and are explained to the request of client
And processing.
Handling result is returned to Web server by CGI application programs according to CGI specifications, and Web server can apply CGI
The handling result of program is parsed, and is generated HTTPS response messages on this basis and returned to client.
Fig. 2 describes the operation principle of ssl protocol, and client and server completes transmission data by three-way handshake
Encrypted work.The basic process of handshake phase is exactly：(1) user end to server asks for simultaneously verification public key；(2) both sides negotiate life
At " dialogue secret key "；(3) communication is encrypted using " dialogue secret key " in both sides；
Specific work process is as follows：
A) client sends out a ClientHello request to server-side
The information of request includes：The version of client supported protocol；A random number is generated, for " dialogue secret key "；Visitor
Support encrypted method in family end；The method that client supports compression
B) server response (ServerHello)
The information of response includes mainly：Confirm the protocol version used；A random number is generated, for " dialogue secret key "；
Confirm encrypted method
C) client is responded
Judge server certificate, it is inconsistent if not the domain name and actual domain name of credible organ or certificate, or
It is expired, then it sounds a warning to visitor, chooses whether to continue to communicate；If reliable, the public key of server is taken out from certificate,
Then information is sent out to server, these information include：One random number encrypts for server public key, prevents from eavesdropping；Coding
Notice；Client is shaken hands end notification
D) the last response of server
Three random numbers of client are had received, pre-master key generate " the session secret key " used in this session,
Then server handshaking end notification is sent.
It is understood that it will be understood by those skilled in the art that being subject to technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept
The protection domain of appended claims of the invention should all be belonged to replacement or change.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of safety implementation method based on https embedded communication equipments, it is characterised in that：It is embedded in a communications device
Linux system transplants embedded web server in embedded systems, and embedded web server uses apache servers,
Client can be monitored and control to more embedded communication equipments of distal end by browser；The apache services
Device is the transport protocol using https, and data are encrypted in browser and server communication process；Apache takes
Device be engaged in using cgi script dynamic generation Web page, to realize the interactivity between browser and server, browser and clothes
The specific interactive process of business device is as follows：
(1), apache servers wait for the connection request of client in the ports HTTPS always, when client is serviced to apache
After device initiates a connection request, shakes hands by three steps between client and apache servers and set up connection, user is asked
It asks and is sent to apache servers；
(2), after apache servers receive the HTTPS request message of client, apache servers solve message
It analyses and gives cgi script processing；
(3), cgi script reads from apache servers and transmits the various information of coming, and the request of client is explained and
Processing；Cgi script operates communication equipment by calling the driving function of bottom, and communication equipment is returned the result biography
Give apache servers；
(4), handling result is returned to pache servers by cgi script according to CGI specifications, and pache servers are to cgi script
Handling result is parsed, and is generated HTTPS response messages on this basis and returned to client.
2. the safety implementation method according to claim 1 based on https embedded communication equipments, it is characterised in that：
Client and apache servers shake hands to complete the encrypted work of transmission data by three steps, and the basic process of handshake phase is just
It is：(1), user end to server asks for simultaneously verification public key；(2), both sides negotiate to generate " dialogue secret key "；(3), both sides use
Communication is encrypted in " dialogue secret key ".
3. the safety implementation method according to claim 1 based on https embedded communication equipments, it is characterised in that：
Described is embedded in linux system in a communications device, and (SuSE) Linux OS, specific steps are built by compiling bottom document
It is as follows：
(1), petalinux source code packets are downloaded, the tool and relevant chained library are installed under ordinary user；Configuration system ring
Border creates engineering, is used for generating bottom document to create a new engineering using petalinux-create orders；
(2), bit files and sdk packets are exported from vivado engineerings, bit files are used for configuring during system starts
FPGA, sdk packet are used for generating executable elf files and hardware initialization file f sbl；
(3), the hardware configuration of engineering is imported into petaLinux, the systematic parameter of hardware configuration is passed into uboot and kernel；
According to hardware configuration, corresponding modification, including serial ports, network interface, system start-up mode and root are made in the configuration of u-boot menus
Adjustment is re-started to the partition size of flash according to the size of bottom document；
(4), system image file is generated, can compile out after the parameters for the system that sets and correctly can normally transport
Capable u-boot and kernel files；
(5), boot image BOOT.bin files are made, this document executes file composition by fsbl files, bit files, u-boot,
System executes fsbl files to carry out the initial configuration of hardware and to the detection of ddr3 automatically after the power-up.
4. the safety implementation method according to claim 1 based on https embedded communication equipments, it is characterised in that：
Apache servers are transplanted in the embedded system, are as follows：
(1), downloading source code packet includes：Httpd source code packets, pcre source code packets, apr source code packets, apr-util source code packets；
(2), corresponding source code packet is decompressed with tar orders, wherein apr and apr-util source code packets are unziped under httpd catalogues
Srclib catalogues in；
(3), non-crossing compiling will be carried out after pcre source codes packet and httpd source code packets decompression, then by httpd source codes Bao Zaichong
New decompression is primary, and the gen_test_char tools under server catalogues are substituted for the tool gen_ that non-crossing compiling generates
Test_char, then cross compile is carried out, the cross-compiler arm-linux- that cross-compiler selects xilinx specified
gnueabihf-；
(4), it under the file copy to the specified directory of Target Board for carrying out cross compile generation, and establishes and is flexible coupling accordingly；Together
Httpd.conf configuration files on Shi Xiugai Target Boards.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111158938A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-15 | 重庆鲲量科技有限公司 | QKD-based communication method between server and browser client |
| CN112087426A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-12-15 | 华瑞新智科技（北京）有限公司 | Dynamic control protocol analysis method based on Internet of things and IOT (Internet of things) equipment |
| CN112380034A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-02-19 | 浙江工业大学 | Remote experimental method for embedded equipment |
| CN112840602A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2021-05-25 | Abb瑞士股份有限公司 | Method and control system for monitoring multiple devices in an SNMP-based network |
| CN114489702A (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-05-13 | 北京有竹居网络技术有限公司 | Method, apparatus, medium and electronic device for installing operating system |
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| CN112840602B (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2024-04-16 | Abb瑞士股份有限公司 | Method and control system for monitoring multiple devices in an SNMP-based network |
| CN111158938A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-15 | 重庆鲲量科技有限公司 | QKD-based communication method between server and browser client |
| CN112087426A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-12-15 | 华瑞新智科技（北京）有限公司 | Dynamic control protocol analysis method based on Internet of things and IOT (Internet of things) equipment |
| CN112380034A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-02-19 | 浙江工业大学 | Remote experimental method for embedded equipment |
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| CN114489702A (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-05-13 | 北京有竹居网络技术有限公司 | Method, apparatus, medium and electronic device for installing operating system |
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