CN105193475B - Individuation osteotomy guide plate external member and its method for designing - Google Patents
Individuation osteotomy guide plate external member and its method for designing Download PDFInfo
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- CN105193475B CN105193475B CN201510507788.XA CN201510507788A CN105193475B CN 105193475 B CN105193475 B CN 105193475B CN 201510507788 A CN201510507788 A CN 201510507788A CN 105193475 B CN105193475 B CN 105193475B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 210000000629 knee joint Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 210000002303 tibia Anatomy 0.000 claims description 69
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims description 33
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 claims description 20
- 210000003141 lower extremity Anatomy 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 210000004233 talus Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011579 SCID mouse model Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000004872 soft tissue Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001054 cortical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000001188 articular cartilage Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 7
- 210000000845 cartilage Anatomy 0.000 description 10
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000003054 facial bone Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000004417 patella Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000003241 Fat Embolism Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010405 clearance mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002980 postoperative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000272814 Anser sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010017085 Fracture malunion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000000536 Malunited Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011883 total knee arthroplasty Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/14—Surgical saws
- A61B17/15—Guides therefor
- A61B17/154—Guides therefor for preparing bone for knee prosthesis
- A61B17/158—Cutting patella
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of individuation osteotomy guide plate external member and its method for designing.The individuation osteotomy guide plate external member includes individuation knee joint tibial near-end osteotomy guide plate, individuation knee joint femoral osteotomy of distal guide plate, and individuation femur multiaspect osteotomy external member.The present invention influenceed by Individual design, removal articular cartilage factor, more accurate using flexing gap balancing technique, osteotomy, can effectively aid in operator doctor to improve the quality and efficiency of bone-culting operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one group of individuation osteotomy guide plate external member and its method for designing.
Background technology
The osteotomy process that knee osteotomy guide plate is used in total knee arthroplasty, traditional guide plate is non-individuals and sets
Meter, more or less demand for not meeting patient, and relatively emerging 3D printing individuation knee osteotomy guide plate is in this respect
There is improvement, it is based on medical image data design and manufacture, operation is simulated in the preoperative, surgical planning is formulated, pressed in art
Accurate osteotomy is carried out according to preoperative plan.
Existing 3D printing individuation knee osteotomy guide plate comes with some shortcomings in the treatment of articular cartilage factor, MR
Data cannot accurately extract cartilage modeling, and especially when cartilage occurs regression, CT fusions registering with MR data also can band
Come error and puzzlement, so that guide plate cannot accurately estimate articular cartilage thickness when designing, so as to influence the accuracy of osteotomy, separately have
Though part guide plate can estimate cartilage thickness, cartilage is removed in actual mechanical process can be increased operating time and cannot accurately consolidate
Position, and at present there is the unbalanced, knee joint tibial of development in all of 3D printing individuation knee osteotomy guide plate for condyle of femur
Femur old fracture malunion and larger bony defect can not complete whole osteotomy processes, and existing guide plate is not examined
Consider knee joint peripheral soft tissue balance and bend and stretch gap for rectangle；Other inlet guide is expensive, and production and transport is time-consuming more long,
Accordingly, it would be desirable to be improved to existing guide plate.
The preparation method of knee osteotomy guide plate common at present is mainly extracts lower limb skeletons, knee according to CT, MRI data
After articular surface cartilage, after determining the biomethanics marks such as lower limb mechanical axis, the line of force, logical condyle axle, incisura intercondyloidea, put with reference to required
The knee-joint prosthesis data changed, carry out CAD design, determine Osteotomy and femur outward turning angle, and the gathering sill of guide plate is exactly real
The Osteotomy that border needs, can not arbitrarily change, and the configuration of guide plate is not constant, and no matter how it changes
All all the time around " accurate in place fixed, guide plate gathering sill is consistent to improve osteotomy precision with design ", Eyekon Inc. cuts
Bone conduction plate uses small area fixed form in place, and actually used middle fixed tension guide plate can produce substantially deformation, and need
Articular surface cartilage is shot off in art, there is the precision for reducing osteotomy on the contrary using inconvenient and inaccurate factor, and do not examine
Gap balance, the problem of patellar motion trace are bent and stretched in worry, so that the incidence of pain is higher before postoperative kneecap.
The content of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide one group of individuation osteotomy guide plate external member and its method for designing, the guide plate external member forms a set of complete
Whole knee joint femoral tibial surgical servicing unit, by Individual design, the influence of removal articular cartilage factor, using between flexing
Gap balancing technique, osteotomy are more accurate, can effectively aid in operator doctor to improve the quality and efficiency of bone-culting operation.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of method for designing of individuation osteotomy guide plate, is characterized in, comprises the following steps：
1), the three dimensional CT data according to patient's hip, SCID Mice sets up the three-dimensional digitalization model of the lower limb line of force, and leads to
Cross the three-dimensional digitalization model and be simulated osteotomy；
2), when the osteotomy amount and prosthese consistency of thickness to be installed and the lower limb line of force of simulating osteotomy are neutral position, with this
When design data DF osteotomy guide plate and proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate；When being designed, DF osteotomy guide plate and
Proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate chooses DF front and proximal tibia front cortical face and special spur as maintenance respectively
Mark, and with reference to detachable soft tissue in art scope determine this maintenance mark scope, recycle Boolean calculation produce three
Dimension word model, three-dimensional digitalization model contact with corresponding DF osteotomy guide plate and proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate
Retaining portions are in uneven globoidal structure；
3) internal epicondyle of femur and external epicondyle of femur, are positioned on the DF for having completed to simulate osteotomy, and is carried out repeatedly
Average is taken after the logical condyle axle of measurement, and is calibrated with incisura intercondyloidea, femur multiaspect osteotomy plate is designed based on this logical condyle axle.
The present invention dexterously make use of the spur of individual in art as DF osteotomy guide plate and proximal tibia
The telltale mark of osteotomy guide plate, it is not necessary to be fixed by means of articular surface cartilage so that Intraoperative position card pressure is convenient, and not
Influenceed by articular cartilage factor.When DF osteotomy guide plate and femoral cortex card pressure are fixed well, this position is that osteotomy is led
Plate is laid and carries out the position of DF osteotomy, thus need not open marrow positioning, reduces operating procedure, time-consuming, reduces
The risk of fat embolism.
Heretofore described neutral position is exactly body erect, and forward, two are looked squarely to front, and two foots close up, toe
Forward, trunk both sides are fallen under upper limbs, the centre of the palm is forward.Hip, SCID Mice are centrally located on same straight line, are now meaned
Femur and be each perpendicular to lower-limb axis with the osteotomy of shin bone, be the optimal line of force.
The femur outward turning osteotomy is that femoral-posterior condyles osteotomy need to be by femur parallel to lateral epicondyle axle in femur, this axis
The line of interior condyle peak and femoral lateral condyle peak, in fact, different people is gone to measure inside and outside epicondylar axis and has a little difference,
Even if same person goes measurement also to have a little difference, it is therefore desirable to repeatedly measurement, average, reduce error.
After the completion of the proximal tibia and DF osteotomy, lower limb are stretched, the length for stretching gap can be measured, so
After enuflex position, multiaspect osteotomy guide plate is moved up and down in clearance mechanism, there is scale on clearance mechanism, guide plate is adjusted to and
Stretch on the identical scale of knee gap, indicate that to bend and stretch knee gap equal.It is that femur multiaspect osteotomy plate places correct position.
When actually used when DF osteotomy guide plate and femoral cortex card pressure are fixed well, this position is to lay femur
Osteotomy of distal guide plate simultaneously carries out the position of DF osteotomy, and the position of proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate determines identical with this.Femur
The location hole of multiaspect osteotomy plate is coaxial with the logical condyle line outward turning location hole of DF osteotomy guide plate, and it is true to carry out position with this
It is fixed, and the outer swing angle of femur matches with design after ensureing osteotomy.
Based on same inventive concept, the individuation osteotomy manufactured using the method for designing of above-mentioned individuation osteotomy guide plate
Guide plate external member, it is structurally characterized in that, including
Individuation knee joint tibial near-end osteotomy guide plate,
Individuation knee joint femoral osteotomy of distal guide plate, and
Individuation femur multiaspect osteotomy external member；
The individuation knee joint tibial near-end osteotomy guide plate includes proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate body, the proximal tibia
The shin osteotomy groove of its interior lateral surface of insertion is provided with osteotomy guide plate body；The medial surface of the proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate body is
Globoidal structure for being engaged contact with proximal tibia front cortex and spur arcwall face, the proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate body
Lateral surface be provided with locating dowel, the location hole of this inside and outside side of insertion proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate is provided with the locating dowel；
The individuation knee joint femoral osteotomy of distal guide plate includes the DF osteotomy guide plate sheet of overall L-shaped arrangement
Body, is provided with the DF osteotomy groove through its interior lateral surface on the middle part of the DF osteotomy guide plate body；The stock
The medial surface of bone osteotomy of distal guide plate body has to be used to coordinate to contact with DF front cortex and the curved face of spur to determine
Position, and the globoidal structure in gap is kept with femoral bone pulley face；One end end of the DF osteotomy guide plate body is provided with fixed
Position post, location hole is provided with the locating dowel, and the other end end of the DF osteotomy guide plate body has two extensions, should
The outward turning location hole for determining outward turning osteotomy angle is provided with extension；The length direction and stock of the DF osteotomy groove
Bone osteotomy of distal direction is consistent；
The individuation femur multiaspect osteotomy external member includes the femur multiaspect osteotomy guide plate body with positive and negative；The stock
Bone multiaspect osteotomy guide plate body is provided with front ankle bone cutting groove, the postartis for carrying out osteotomy to postartis for carrying out osteotomy to preartis
Osteotomy groove, the front bevel osteotomy groove for carrying out osteotomy to femur front bevel and retreaded for carrying out osteotomy to femur back bevel
Face osteotomy groove；The front bevel osteotomy groove and back bevel osteotomy groove are arranged between front ankle bone cutting groove and postartis osteotomy groove；It is described
Front ankle bone cutting groove, postartis osteotomy groove, front bevel osteotomy groove and the equal insertion femur multiaspect osteotomy guide plate body of back bevel osteotomy groove
Positive and negative；The femur multiaspect osteotomy guide plate body end be provided with for determine go down on one's knees gap whether be rectangle gap balancing machine
Structure mounting hole.
During work, the proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate body is positioned by the card pressure with bone face, the shin bone
Near-end osteotomy guide plate body medial surface structure is designed according to the proximal tibia front cortex and spur feature of corresponding individuation
Into globoidal structure, shin osteotomy groove carries out osteotomy for accommodating osteotomy saw blade to knee joint tibial near-end.
The knee joint femoral osteotomy of distal guide plate body is positioned by the card pressure with bone face and spur, and knee is closed
Section DF osteotomy guide plate body medial surface is contacted with DF front cortex and the curved face of spur, not with femoral bone pulley
Face contacts, and the DF osteotomy groove carries out osteotomy for accommodating osteotomy saw blade.Knee joint femoral osteotomy of distal guide plate body
Medial surface can be divided into DF front cortex corresponding surface and femoral bone pulley corresponding surface, concrete structure is according to corresponding individuation
DF front cortex and spur feature and design.
The individuation femur multiaspect osteotomy external member by front ankle bone cutting groove, postartis osteotomy groove, front bevel osteotomy groove and after
Inclined-plane osteotomy groove, osteotomy saw blade can complete the osteotomy to inclined-plane before and after front and rear condyle, femur.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, can also make further optimization to the present invention, be below the skill formed after optimization
Art scheme：
Built with clearance balancing machine, the clearance balancing machine includes horizontal substrate to the clearance balancing machine mounting hole,
Perpendicular to the guide post that the substrate of horizontal substrate is extended outwardly；The guide post is provided with scale, and the horizontal substrate has
Power handle, is provided with least one for verifying the line of force hole of the lower limb entirety line of force after osteotomy on the power handle；Between the guide post is mounted in
Gap balanced controls mounting hole is interior and can be moved back and forth along clearance balancing machine mounting hole.Thus, the femur multiaspect cut plate and
Gap balanced controls are used cooperatively, horizontal substrate can with guide post in mounting hole upper and lower vertical sliding motion, can not move left and right or
It is movable, so that the convenient gap of going down on one's knees for determining rectangle.The line of force hole determines the standard of osteotomy for verifying installing force line bar
True property.Preferably, the clearance balancing machine mounting hole is circular hole, and the guide post is cylindrical bar, because cylindrical bar is marked with
Scale, by moving up and down, can reach gap of going down on one's knees equal with knee gap is stretched.
Plane and logical condyle that outward turning hole centre line on described two extensions of DF osteotomy guide plate is formed
Axle is parallel；The outward turning location hole is located at the corresponding surface in femoral bone pulley face.The femur outward turning angle of individuation is determined for convenience,
Interior lateral epicondyle of the bearing of trend of the outward turning location hole parallel to femur.
The femur multiaspect osteotomy guide plate body is provided with multiple location holes；Set on the DF osteotomy guide plate body
There are two locating dowels being located on the cortex corresponding surface of DF front, a location hole is offered in each locating dowel；It is described
Locating dowel has two, and each locating dowel is provided with a location hole, the plane where two center lines of location hole and shin osteotomy groove
It is parallel.Each location hole is mainly used in the fixation of corresponding guide plate.
Interior lateral epicondyle of the bearing of trend of the location hole parallel to femur.
Vertical with the shin osteotomy slot length direction hanging down is provided with the lateral surface of the proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate body
Wire casing.
The proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate and DF osteotomy guide plate without the concern for knee joint surface cartilage because
Osteotomy guide plate of the invention is to be in close contact with the cortex of bone in front of knee joint femoral or shin bone.
The auxiliary positioning hole of its interior lateral surface of insertion is provided with the proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate body；The DF
The auxiliary positioning hole for placing guide pin is provided with the DF front cortex corresponding surface of osteotomy guide plate body.Thus, it is described
Auxiliary positioning hole completes the fixation of guide plate together with locating dowel.
It is provided with the proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate body positioned at the checking hole of its lateral surface, for verifying the line of force after osteotomy
Whether accurately the checking hole position is in shin osteotomy groove side；The checking hole position is in the top of shin osteotomy groove and parallel to the shin
Plane where osteotomy groove.Thus, whether the line of force is accurate after checking hole is used to verify osteotomy.
The globoidal structure surface of the proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate body medial surface is in concaveconvex shape, and proximal tibia osteotomy
Guide plate body medial surface is provided with locator card pressure mark.
The femur multiaspect osteotomy guide plate body is provided with the observation of the positive and negative of insertion femur multiaspect osteotomy guide plate body
Whether accurate hole, conveniently can lay by observation guide plate.
The globoidal structure surface of the proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate body medial surface is in concaveconvex shape, thus, the shin bone
Near-end osteotomy guide plate body medial surface is uneven laminating design, more preferable with the superfluous card pressure fixed effect of bone facial bone.
By said structure, individuation osteotomy guide plate external member of the invention includes four parts：Proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate,
DF osteotomy guide plate, femur multiaspect osteotomy plate and clearance balancing machine.
Part I：Proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate；Wherein proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate includes body, locating dowel and osteotomy
Groove, there is location hole in the locating dowel, the body medial surface is attached with using the curved face of surface of position, the outer body
There is the checking hole of checking osteotomy accuracy in face, also has locator card pressure mark on the body.
The body medial surface is uneven laminating design, is fixed with the superfluous card pressure of bone facial bone.The body is relied on and bone
The card pressure in face is positioned.The locating dowel includes two main locating dowels and an auxiliary positioning post.The body does not connect
Touch articular surface cartilage.The osteotomy groove is used to accommodate osteotomy saw blade.The body outer surface has the vertical line with the osteotomy groove.
Part II：DF osteotomy guide plate；Wherein DF osteotomy guide plate includes that body, locating dowel, outward turning are fixed
Position hole and osteotomy groove.The body medial surface is contacted with the DF front curved face of cortex, is not contacted with femoral bone pulley face.
Location hole is provided with the locating dowel.The body can be divided into DF front cortex corresponding surface and femoral bone pulley correspondence
Face.Body DF front cortex corresponding surface is uneven laminating design, is fixed with the superfluous card pressure of bone facial bone.Described
Body is positioned by the card pressure with bone face.The locating dowel includes two main locating dowels and an auxiliary positioning post.Institute
State the femoral bone pulley corresponding surface that outward turning location hole is arranged on the body.The osteotomy groove is used to accommodate osteotomy saw blade.Described
External surface has the vertical line with the osteotomy groove.
Part III：Femur multiaspect osteotomy plate；Wherein femur multiaspect osteotomy plate includes body, condyle osteotomy groove, inclined-plane osteotomy
Groove, location hole and center cylindrical hole.The condyle osteotomy groove includes front ankle bone cutting groove and postartis osteotomy groove, the inclined-plane osteotomy groove bag
Front bevel osteotomy groove and back bevel osteotomy groove are included, the center cylindrical hole is located at the body and hits exactly and perpendicular to this long axis of body.
The body is provided with observation window.The condyle osteotomy groove and inclined-plane osteotomy groove are used to receiving saw blade and carry out osteotomy.The positioning
Hole is used for the fixation of guide plate.The clearance balancing machine mounting hole is used for the placement of clearance balancing machine.
Part IV：Clearance balancing machine；Wherein clearance balancing machine includes a horizontal substrate face and perpendicular to this base
The cylindrical bar of bottom surface, the size of cylindrical bar matches with the clearance balancing machine mounting hole of above-mentioned femur multiaspect osteotomy plate.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:The present invention is using the special cortex bone face of patient and spur
It is fixed on the positioning, fixation reliability avoids the influence of articular cartilage factor, makes osteotomy more accurate, time-consuming few, multiaspect
The use of osteotomy plate reduces operating theater instruments quantity, simplifies operating procedure, saves operating time.We are by clinical comparison, system
Meter correction data is as follows.
Wherein T is test statistics, and P values represent that difference is statistically significant less than 0.05, i.e. osteotomy of distal guide plate group hand
The art time is short, and blood loss is few, and the line of force is more accurate, scores more excellent.
Guide plate provided by the present invention can be made using 3D printing method, the patient's hip that will be obtained, SCID Mice
The incoming computer software of three dimensional CT data, reconstructs the lower limb line of force, and osteotomy is simulated on software, when osteotomy amount be intended to pacify
When trying to give a false impression that body thickness is consistent and the lower limb line of force is neutral position, data now are used for design DF and proximal tibia osteotomy
Guide plate, then internal epicondyle of femur and external epicondyle of femur are positioned on the DF for completed virtual osteotomy, repeatedly measurement takes
Value, based on this design has the femur multiaspect osteotomy plate of individuation outward turning angle.DF and proximal tibia osteotomy are led
Plate to embody specificity and being easy to stabilization in art to fix, chooses DF front and proximal tibia front skin in the design process
Matter face and special spur are used as mark, it is not necessary to be fixed by means of articular surface cartilage so that Intraoperative position card pressure side
Just, and not influenceed by articular cartilage factor.When DF osteotomy guide plate and femoral cortex card pressure are fixed well, this position is
Guide plate is laid and carries out the position of DF osteotomy, thus need not open marrow positioning, reduces operating procedure, time-consuming, subtracts
The risk of few fat embolism.
Three osteotomy guide plates are used in combination and can complete condyle before and after Tibial osteotomy, DF osteotomy, femur in the present invention
Inclined-plane osteotomy before and after osteotomy, femur, operating procedure substantially simplifies, and operation technique complexity is substantially reduced, and surgical device is used in art
Tool greatly reduces, and operating time greatly reduces.
The main shape in femur osteotomy guide plate, Tibial osteotomy of improvement of osteotomy guide plate of the invention is designed, increase its with
Femur, the contact area of shin bone improve the guide plate degree of accuracy in place, stability, and guide plate deformation is not susceptible to during using goose saw osteotomy,
And consider to bend and stretch gap balance and make " 90 degree of flexing clearance balancing machines ", to ensure that it is parallel that osteotomy patella bends and stretches gap
And for etc. rectangle, beneficial to the pressure balance on each point in patellar motion trace, reduce the generation of pain before postoperative kneecap；DF cuts
The line of the outward turning location hole on two extensions of bone conduction plate is parallel with logical condyle axle, two physics of location hole of multiaspect osteotomy plate
Size is mutually matched therewith, consistent with the outward turning angle after prosthese is installed with the femur outward turning angle for ensureing CAD design, generally
3 degree or so.Side opening line on multiaspect osteotomy guide plate is vertical relation, and its thing with its osteotomy gathering sill, location hole line
Reason size matched with the size of flexing clearance balancing machine, with ensure flexing gap it is adjustable, etc. rectangle realization；3 guide plates
The principle " accurate in place fixed, gathering sill is consistent to improve osteotomy progress with design " for meeting guide plate design is used in combination,
And consider bend and stretch gap balance, the problem of patellar motion trace, be guide plate from now on further optimization propose refer to thinking,
Such as the outer swing angle positioning guide plate of personalized femur；The Study on Problems method of knee joint peripheral soft tissue balance.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the dimensional structure diagram of the proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the rearview of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is that DF in the present invention turns up the dimensional structure diagram of osteotomy guide plate：
Fig. 4 is the rearview of Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is the front schematic view of the femur multiaspect osteotomy plate in the present invention：
Fig. 6 is the rearview of Fig. 5；
Fig. 7 is the dimensional structure diagram of the clearance balancing machine in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodying feature of present invention will describe in detail in the following description with the representative instance of advantage.It should be understood that this hair
Bright to have various changes in different instances, it is neither departed from the scope of the present invention, and explanation therein and accompanying drawing exist
Purposes of discussion is substantially treated as, and is not used to the limitation present invention.
A kind of individuation osteotomy guide plate external member, is mainly closed by individuation knee joint tibial near-end osteotomy guide plate, individuation knee
Section DF osteotomy guide plate, and individuation femur multiaspect osteotomy external member composition.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate includes proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate body 11, locating dowel
12nd, shin osteotomy groove 13.Wherein, the shape of the medial surface of proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate body 11 is the shin bone determined according to image technology
The negative surface configuration of near-end front cortex and spur, can attach and use position (i.e. proximal tibia front cortex bone face and bone
It is superfluous).The quantity of locating dowel 12 is two, and locating dowel 12 is provided with location hole 14, and guide pin resting guide, shin bone are used in art to facilitate
Auxiliary positioning hole 15 is additionally provided with near-end osteotomy guide plate body 11, the fixation of guide plate is together used for location hole 14.Shin osteotomy
Groove 13 determines osteotomy direction and osteotomy amount.Vertical line groove 17 is perpendicular with shin osteotomy groove 13, for observe osteotomy whether perpendicular to
Shin bone mechanical axis.
Checking hole 16 is offered on the lateral surface of proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate body 11, facilitates in art whether verify the lower limb line of force
Accurately.
The medial surface of proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate body 11 is designed as uneven shape according to preoperative image data, with shin bone
Near-end front cortex and the curved face contact of spur, and block pressure fixation, it is ensured that guide plate is attached completely with bone face and stabilization is fixed.
The size of shin osteotomy groove 13 sets according to saw blade size, it is ensured that osteotomy saw blade can be accommodated, while will not also make
Saw blade occurs significantly to swing up and down in shin osteotomy groove 13.
Location hole 14 and auxiliary positioning hole 15 may insure that guide plate is firm and fix, do not slided during osteotomy.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, when in use, by the knot of the medial surface of proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate body 11
Structure goes to attach proximal tibia front cortex bone face and spur, after proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate body 11 and the card press-fit of bone face,
Fixed nail is squeezed into by the location hole 14 in locating dowel 12 and auxiliary positioning hole 15, reuse saw blade is carried out by shin osteotomy groove 13
Osteotomy, before and after osteotomy can after verifying that hole 16 judges osteotomy the line of force it is whether accurate.
The individuation knee joint femoral osteotomy of distal guide plate, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the individuation knee in the present invention is closed
Osteotomy guide plate described in section DF includes knee joint femoral osteotomy of distal guide plate body 21, locating dowel 22, outward turning location hole 23
And DF osteotomy groove 24.The obverse shape of cortex is in front of the DF of knee joint femoral osteotomy of distal guide plate body 21
The DF front cortex and the negative surface configuration of spur determined according to image technology, can attach and use position (i.e. femur
Distal end front cortex and spur).The quantity of locating dowel 22 is two, and locating dowel 22 is provided with location hole 25, knee joint femoral distal end
Auxiliary positioning hole 26 is provided with osteotomy guide plate body 21, guide pin resting guide is used in art to facilitate, make fixation more firm.
Outward turning location hole 23 is located at femoral bone pulley corresponding surface, the angle for determining outward turning osteotomy.DF osteotomy groove 24 is determined
DF osteotomy direction and osteotomy amount.As shown in figure 1, the end of the knee joint femoral osteotomy of distal guide plate body 21 has two
Individual extension 28, is provided with the outward turning location hole 23 for determining outward turning osteotomy angle on the extension 28.
The DF of the knee joint femoral osteotomy of distal guide plate body 21 front obverse medial surface of cortex is according to preoperative shadow
As Data Design is uneven shape, contacted with DF front cortex and the curved face of spur, and block pressure and fixed, it is ensured that
Guide plate is attached completely with bone face and stabilization is fixed.
As shown in Figures 3 and 4, in the present embodiment, when in use, by the femur of knee joint femoral osteotomy of distal guide plate body 21
The distal end front obverse medial surface structure of cortex goes to attach DF front cortex bone face and spur, when knee joint femoral is remote
After holding osteotomy guide plate body 21 and the card press-fit of bone face, squeeze into solid by the location hole 25 in locating dowel 22 and auxiliary positioning hole 26
Fixed nail, reuse saw blade carries out osteotomy by DF osteotomy groove 24, and guide pin is squeezed into by outward turning location hole 23, is slided in femur
Car face leaves nail, for the direction of outward turning osteotomy after determination.
As illustrated in figs. 5-7, the femur multiaspect osteotomy plate in the present invention includes femur multiaspect to the femur multiaspect osteotomy external member
Osteotomy guide plate body 31, front ankle bone cutting groove 321 and postartis osteotomy groove 322, front bevel osteotomy groove 331 and back bevel osteotomy groove 332,
Location hole 34 and mounting hole.Front ankle bone cutting groove and postartis osteotomy groove are respectively used to the osteotomy of preartis and postartis.Front bevel osteotomy groove
And back bevel osteotomy groove is respectively used to the osteotomy of front bevel and back bevel.Femur multiaspect osteotomy guide plate body 31 be provided with insertion its just
The peep hole 310,311 of reverse side.
The front phase of the front bevel osteotomy groove 331 and back bevel osteotomy groove 332 in femur multiaspect osteotomy guide plate body 31
It is logical to form a bar groove, it is two bar grooves in the reverse side of femur multiaspect osteotomy guide plate body 31, during operation, saw blade is from femur multiaspect
The front groove of osteotomy guide plate body 31 is put into, and saw blade is exactly upwards osteotomy front bevel, and saw blade is exactly downwards osteotomy back bevel
As shown in fig. 7, the clearance balancing machine includes horizontal substrate 46 and cylindrical bar 47, cylindrical bar 47 is vertically positioned at water
The center of flat substrate 46.There is a power handle 48 for protruding forward in the center of horizontal substrate 46, strong string holes 49 on power handle 48.
Being opened in the clearance balancing machine mounting hole of the end face of femur multiaspect osteotomy guide plate body 31 is used to lay cylindrical bar 47,
Femur multiaspect osteotomy plate is connected with clearance balancing machine by mounting hole and cylindrical bar 47, femur multiaspect osteotomy guide plate body 31
Can be slided up and down along cylindrical bar 47, can not moved left and right.
In the present embodiment, horizontal substrate 46 is positioned on the proximal tibia osteotomy surface for completing osteotomy, and femur multiaspect osteotomy is led
Plate body 31 is connected on cylindrical bar 47 by mounting hole, and femur multiaspect osteotomy guide plate body 31 is placed to by DF again
On femoral bone pulley face after osteotomy, femur multiaspect osteotomy guide plate body 31 is adjusted between going down on one's knees by the slip on cylindrical bar 47
The size of gap, cylindrical bar 47 is marked with scale, it can be ensured that gap of going down on one's knees is equal to stretches knee gap, and outward turning osteotomy angle considers
Gap balances and outward turning location hole reserved before.Fixed nail is squeezed into DF bone face by location hole 34 to be fixed.
Osteotomy saw blade is distinguished by front ankle bone cutting groove 321, postartis osteotomy groove 322, front bevel osteotomy groove 331 and back bevel osteotomy groove 332
Carry out the osteotomy of preartis, postartis, front bevel and back bevel.Cylindrical bar 47 matches with mounting hole, for determining that gap of going down on one's knees is
No is rectangle.Power handle 48 and line of force hole 49 can carry out the assessment of the lower limb entirety line of force using line of force bar.
The content that above-described embodiment is illustrated should be understood to that these embodiments are only used for being illustrated more clearly that the present invention, without
For limiting the scope of the present invention, after the present invention has been read, those skilled in the art are to the various equivalent form of values of the invention
Modification each fall within the application appended claims limited range.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method for designing of individuation osteotomy guide plate, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1), the three dimensional CT data according to patient's hip, SCID Mice sets up the three-dimensional digitalization model of the lower limb line of force, and by this
Three-dimensional digitalization model is simulated osteotomy；
2）, when simulating osteotomy amount and the prosthese consistency of thickness to be installed and the lower limb line of force of osteotomy for neutral position, with now
Design data DF osteotomy guide plate and proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate；When being designed, DF osteotomy guide plate and shin bone
Near-end osteotomy guide plate chooses DF front and proximal tibia front cortical face respectively and special spur is marked as maintenance,
And the scope with reference to detachable soft tissue in art determines the scope that this maintenance is marked, Boolean calculation is recycled to produce 3-dimensional digital
Change model, the three-dimensional digitalization model and corresponding DF osteotomy guide plate and the contact retainer of proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate
It is in uneven globoidal structure to divide；
3）, internal epicondyle of femur and external epicondyle of femur are positioned on the DF for having completed to simulate osteotomy, and take multiple measurements
Average is taken after logical condyle axle, and is calibrated with incisura intercondyloidea, femur multiaspect osteotomy plate is designed based on this logical condyle axle.
2. the individuation osteotomy guide plate set that a kind of method for designing of the individuation osteotomy guide plate described in utilization claim 1 is manufactured
Part, it is characterised in that including
Individuation knee joint tibial near-end osteotomy guide plate,
Individuation knee joint femoral osteotomy of distal guide plate, and
Individuation femur multiaspect osteotomy external member；
The individuation knee joint tibial near-end osteotomy guide plate includes proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate body（11）, the proximal tibia
Osteotomy guide plate body（11）On be provided with the shin osteotomy groove of its interior lateral surface of insertion（13）；The proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate body
（11）Medial surface be that the shin bone is near for being engaged the globoidal structure of contact with proximal tibia front cortex and spur arcwall face
End osteotomy guide plate body（11）Lateral surface be provided with shin bone locating dowel（12）, the shin bone locating dowel（12）On be provided with insertion shin bone
Near-end osteotomy guide plate body（11）The shin bone location hole of interior lateral surface（14）；
The individuation knee joint femoral osteotomy of distal guide plate includes the DF osteotomy guide plate body of overall L-shaped arrangement
（21）, the DF osteotomy guide plate body（21）Middle part on be provided with DF osteotomy groove through its interior lateral surface
（24）；The DF osteotomy guide plate body（21）Medial surface have be used for DF front cortex and spur be in arc
Shape face coordinates contact positioning, and the globoidal structure in gap is kept with femoral bone pulley face；The DF osteotomy guide plate body
（21）One end end be provided with femur locating dowel（22）, the femur locating dowel（22）On be provided with femur location hole（25）, the femur
Osteotomy of distal guide plate body（21）Other end end have two extensions（28）, the extension（28）On be provided with for determining
The outward turning location hole of outward turning osteotomy angle（23）；The DF osteotomy groove（24）Length direction and DF osteotomy side
To consistent；
The individuation femur multiaspect osteotomy external member includes the femur multiaspect osteotomy guide plate body with positive and negative（31）；The stock
Bone multiaspect osteotomy guide plate body（31）It is provided with the front ankle bone cutting groove for carrying out osteotomy to preartis（321）, for being carried out to postartis
The postartis osteotomy groove of osteotomy（322）, front bevel osteotomy groove for carrying out osteotomy to femur front bevel（331）With for femur
Back bevel carries out the back bevel osteotomy groove of osteotomy（332）；The front bevel osteotomy groove（331）With back bevel osteotomy groove（332）If
Put in front ankle bone cutting groove（321）With postartis osteotomy groove（322）Between；The front ankle bone cutting groove（321）, postartis osteotomy groove（322）、
Front bevel osteotomy groove（331）With back bevel osteotomy groove（332）Equal insertion femur multiaspect osteotomy guide plate body（31）Positive and negative；Institute
State femur multiaspect osteotomy guide plate body（31）End be provided with for determine go down on one's knees gap whether be rectangle clearance balancing machine peace
Dress hole.
3. individuation osteotomy guide plate external member according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the clearance balancing machine mounting hole
Built with clearance balancing machine, the clearance balancing machine includes horizontal substrate（46）, perpendicular to horizontal substrate（46）Basal surface
The guide post for stretching out；The guide post is provided with scale, the horizontal substrate（46）With power handle（48）, the power handle（48）
On be provided with least one for verifying the line of force hole of the lower limb entirety line of force after osteotomy（49）；The guide post is mounted in gap balancing machine
Structure mounting hole is interior and can be moved back and forth along clearance balancing machine mounting hole.
4. individuation osteotomy guide plate external member according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the femur multiaspect osteotomy guide plate sheet
Body（31）It is provided with multiple location holes（34）；The DF osteotomy guide plate body（21）It is provided with two and is located at DF
Femur locating dowel on the cortex corresponding surface of front（22）, each femur locating dowel（22）On offer a femur location hole
（25）；The shin bone locating dowel（12）There are two, each shin bone locating dowel（12）It is provided with a shin bone location hole（14）, two shins
Bone location hole（14）Center line where plane and shin osteotomy groove（13）It is parallel.
5. individuation osteotomy guide plate external member according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the DF osteotomy guide plate two
Individual extension（28）On outward turning location hole（23）The plane that center line is formed is parallel with logical condyle axle；The outward turning location hole
（23）Positioned at the corresponding surface in femoral bone pulley face.
6. individuation osteotomy guide plate external member according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate sheet
Body（11）Lateral surface on be provided with and the shin osteotomy groove（13）The vertical vertical line groove of length direction（17）.
7. individuation osteotomy guide plate external member according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate sheet
Body（11）On be provided with the auxiliary positioning hole of its interior lateral surface of insertion（15）；The DF osteotomy guide plate body（21）Femur
The auxiliary positioning hole for placing guide pin is provided with the cortex corresponding surface of distal end front（26）.
8. individuation osteotomy guide plate external member according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate sheet
Body（11）On be provided with positioned at the checking hole of its lateral surface（16）, verify hole（16）Positioned at shin osteotomy groove（13）Side, for verifying
Whether the line of force is accurate after osteotomy；The checking hole（16）Positioned at shin osteotomy groove（13）Top and parallel to the shin osteotomy groove
（13）The plane at place.
9. individuation osteotomy guide plate external member according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate sheet
Body（11）The globoidal structure surface of medial surface is in concaveconvex shape, and proximal tibia osteotomy guide plate body（11）Medial surface is provided with positioning
Card pressure mark.
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