CN104832232B - A cascade heat exchange organic Rankine cycle power generation system and power generation method thereof - Google Patents
A cascade heat exchange organic Rankine cycle power generation system and power generation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于低品位能源利用领域，尤其涉及一种利用低品位能源进行有机朗肯循环发电的系统。The invention belongs to the field of low-grade energy utilization, in particular to a system for utilizing low-grade energy for organic Rankine cycle power generation.
背景技术Background technique
我国经济发展迅速随之带来的是能源的短缺及严重的环境污染，一方面在钢铁、建筑、交通等领域存在大量能源以热量形式被排放，回收利用难度高；另一方面地热能、太阳能等自然资源的利用等级较低，无法合理利用。因此现如今，如何对能源进行合理利用，成为缓解我国能源及环境问题的重要途径。my country's rapid economic development has brought about energy shortages and serious environmental pollution. On the one hand, in the fields of steel, construction, and transportation, a large amount of energy is discharged in the form of heat, which is difficult to recycle; on the other hand, geothermal energy, solar energy, etc. The level of utilization of natural resources such as natural resources is low and cannot be used rationally. Therefore, nowadays, how to make rational use of energy has become an important way to alleviate my country's energy and environmental problems.
在低品位能源的回收利用中，有机朗肯循环因其工质具有高压低沸特点被广泛利用，但针对多数热源，在系统出口处，热源温度依旧高达340K左右，使能源回收率及系统性能均较低。若对系统出口处热源进行再次利用，则因其品位较低，回收成本较高，具有一定的回收难度。In the recovery and utilization of low-grade energy, the Organic Rankine cycle is widely used because of its high-pressure and low-boiling characteristics. are lower. If the heat source at the outlet of the system is reused, it is difficult to recycle because of its low grade and high recovery cost.
因此，有必要设计一种更好的热源回收系统。Therefore, it is necessary to design a better heat recovery system.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术存在的问题，本发明提供一种自升热源品位，可对热源进行梯级利用的梯级换热有机朗肯循环发电系统及其发电方法。Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a cascaded heat exchange organic Rankine cycle power generation system and a power generation method for self-increasing heat source grades and cascaded utilization of heat sources.
为了实现目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：In order to achieve the purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种梯级换热有机朗肯循环发电系统，包括高压有机朗肯循环装置和低压有机朗肯循环装置，所述高压有机朗肯循环装置具有高压蒸发器，高压预热器，高压乏汽回热器，膨胀机及冷凝器；所述低压有机朗肯循环装置具有低压蒸发器，低压预热器及低压乏汽回热器；其中高压蒸发器的壳侧出口通过管道分别连接于所述高压预热器和所述低压蒸发器，其管侧出口通过管道与所述膨胀机相连，所述膨胀机连接于发电机，所述膨胀机设有补气口，所述低压预热器连接于所述低压蒸发器，所述低压蒸发器管侧出口与所述补气口连通，所述膨胀机的排气口连接于所述高压乏汽回热器，所述高压乏汽回热器的出口连接于所述低压乏汽回热器，所述低压乏汽回热器的壳侧出口连接于所述冷凝器，所述冷凝器的管侧出口与储液罐相连，所述储液罐出口侧连接多个工质泵。A cascade heat exchange organic Rankine cycle power generation system, including a high-pressure organic Rankine cycle device and a low-pressure organic Rankine cycle device, the high-pressure organic Rankine cycle device has a high-pressure evaporator, a high-pressure preheater, and a high-pressure waste steam recovery device, expander and condenser; the low-pressure organic Rankine cycle device has a low-pressure evaporator, a low-pressure preheater and a low-pressure exhaust steam regenerator; wherein the shell-side outlet of the high-pressure evaporator is connected to the high-pressure preheater through pipelines Heater and the low-pressure evaporator, the pipe side outlet of which is connected to the expander through pipelines, the expander is connected to the generator, the expander is provided with an air supply port, and the low-pressure preheater is connected to the A low-pressure evaporator, the tube-side outlet of the low-pressure evaporator communicates with the air supply port, the exhaust port of the expander is connected to the high-pressure exhaust steam regenerator, and the outlet of the high-pressure exhaust steam regenerator is connected to The low-pressure exhaust steam regenerator, the shell-side outlet of the low-pressure exhaust-steam regenerator is connected to the condenser, the tube-side outlet of the condenser is connected to a liquid storage tank, and the outlet side of the liquid storage tank is connected to Multiple working fluid pumps.
进一步，所述高压蒸发器与所述高压预热器、所述低压蒸发器之间均设有流量计和流量调节阀。Further, a flow meter and a flow regulating valve are provided between the high-pressure evaporator, the high-pressure preheater, and the low-pressure evaporator.
进一步，所述冷凝器连接有冷却水进口，供冷却水进入以冷却工质。Further, the condenser is connected with a cooling water inlet for cooling the working fluid.
进一步，所述储液罐与所述高压预热器及所述低压预热器通过管道连通，所述管道上设有第一控制阀。Further, the liquid storage tank communicates with the high-pressure preheater and the low-pressure preheater through pipelines, and the pipelines are provided with a first control valve.
进一步，所述储液罐与所述低压乏汽回热器连通，两者之间设有所述工质泵和第二控制阀。Further, the liquid storage tank is in communication with the low-pressure exhaust steam regenerator, and the working medium pump and the second control valve are arranged between them.
进一步，所述低压乏汽回热器与所述低压预热器连通，所述高压乏汽回热器与所述高压预热器连通。Further, the low-pressure exhaust steam regenerator communicates with the low-pressure preheater, and the high-pressure exhaust steam regenerator communicates with the high-pressure preheater.
一种基于上述梯级换热有机朗肯循环发电系统的发电方法,包括：热源进入所述高压蒸发器后分流，分别进入所述高压预热器和所述低压蒸发器，所述低压蒸发器内的热源部分进入所述低压预热器内，经所述高压乏汽回热器流出的工质进入所述高压预热器内预热后进入所述高压蒸发器蒸发，蒸汽进入所述膨胀机内，带动所述发电机发电，同时同一工质进入所述低压预热器预热后进入所述低压蒸发器蒸发，蒸汽通过所述补气口进入所述膨胀机，从所述膨胀机出来的所述工质进入所述高压乏汽回热器和所述低压乏汽回热器后再进入所述冷凝器内冷却，冷却后的所述工质流入所述储液罐。A power generation method based on the above-mentioned cascade heat-exchanging organic Rankine cycle power generation system, comprising: the heat source enters the high-pressure evaporator and splits it into the high-pressure preheater and the low-pressure evaporator, and the low-pressure evaporator part of the heat source enters the low-pressure preheater, and the working fluid flowing out of the high-pressure exhaust steam regenerator enters the high-pressure preheater for preheating and then enters the high-pressure evaporator for evaporation, and the steam enters the expander Inside, the generator is driven to generate electricity. At the same time, the same working fluid enters the low-pressure preheater to preheat and then enters the low-pressure evaporator to evaporate. The steam enters the expander through the air inlet, and the The working fluid enters the high-pressure exhaust steam regenerator and the low-pressure exhaust steam regenerator and then enters the condenser for cooling, and the cooled working fluid flows into the liquid storage tank.
进一步，所述工质于所述膨胀机内释放热能后，由所述排气口流出，若所述排气口的乏汽温度较高，所述工质进入所述高压乏汽回热器，若所述排气口的乏汽温度较低，则所述工质直接进入所述冷凝器。Further, after the working medium releases heat energy in the expander, it flows out from the exhaust port. If the temperature of exhaust steam at the exhaust port is relatively high, the working medium enters the high-pressure exhaust steam regenerator , if the temperature of exhaust steam at the exhaust port is relatively low, the working fluid will directly enter the condenser.
进一步，所述乏汽温度较高时，所述冷凝器流出的所述工质通过所述工质泵提升进入所述低压乏汽回热器内加热，然后分流，所述工质部分直接进入所述低压预热器，另一部分经过所述工质泵升压至高压状态再进入所述高压乏汽回热器内加热，进入所述高压预热器。Further, when the temperature of the exhaust steam is high, the working fluid flowing out of the condenser is lifted by the working fluid pump into the low-pressure exhaust steam regenerator for heating, and then split, and the working fluid part directly enters The other part of the low-pressure preheater is boosted to a high-pressure state by the working medium pump, then enters the high-pressure exhaust steam regenerator for heating, and then enters the high-pressure preheater.
进一步，所述乏汽温度较低时，所述工质泵将所述储液罐内的所述工质直接输送至所述高压预热器和所述低压预热器内。Further, when the temperature of the exhaust steam is low, the working medium pump directly transports the working medium in the liquid storage tank to the high pressure preheater and the low pressure preheater.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1)通过在高压蒸发器出口控制热源分流后进入高压预热器和低压蒸发器中，降低了高压预热器中的不可逆损失，使高压蒸发器中的蒸发温度及低压预热器中的热源温度升高，在原热源不变的基础上，提高了低压预热器的热源品位，使低压级循环可以与高压级循环采用同一种工质；(1) By controlling the split flow of the heat source at the outlet of the high-pressure evaporator and then entering the high-pressure preheater and low-pressure evaporator, the irreversible loss in the high-pressure preheater is reduced, and the evaporation temperature in the high-pressure evaporator and the temperature in the low-pressure preheater are reduced. The temperature of the heat source increases, and on the basis of the original heat source remaining unchanged, the grade of the heat source of the low-pressure preheater is improved, so that the low-pressure stage cycle and the high-pressure stage cycle can use the same working fluid;
(2)膨胀机设有补气口，低压蒸发器内的蒸汽进入补气口内，对膨胀机提供能量做功，可以对不同温度的热源都进行利用，充分实现能源梯级利用，同时降低设备投资；(2) The expander is equipped with an air supply port, and the steam in the low-pressure evaporator enters the air supply port to provide energy for the expander to do work, and can use heat sources of different temperatures, fully realize energy cascade utilization, and reduce equipment investment at the same time;
(3)高压乏汽回热器和低压乏汽回热器的使用既充分回收了工质携带的热量，又提高了工质进入高压预热器和低压预热器时的温度，降低冷凝器中不可逆损失，使整个系统中存在多级换热，充分利用能源。(3) The use of the high-pressure exhaust steam regenerator and the low-pressure exhaust steam regenerator not only fully recovers the heat carried by the working fluid, but also increases the temperature of the working fluid when it enters the high-pressure preheater and low-pressure preheater, and reduces the temperature of the condenser. In the irreversible loss, there is multi-stage heat exchange in the whole system, and the energy is fully utilized.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明整体结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
图中，1—高压蒸发器、2—高压预热器、3—膨胀机、31—补气口、4—高压乏汽回热器、5—冷凝器、6—储液罐、7—低压蒸发器、8—低压预热器、9—低压乏汽回热器、10—流量计、11—流量调节阀、12—第一控制阀、13—第二控制阀、14—发电机、15—工质泵。In the figure, 1—high pressure evaporator, 2—high pressure preheater, 3—expander, 31—air supply port, 4—high pressure exhaust steam regenerator, 5—condenser, 6—liquid storage tank, 7—low pressure evaporation Device, 8—low pressure preheater, 9—low pressure exhaust steam regenerator, 10—flow meter, 11—flow regulating valve, 12—first control valve, 13—second control valve, 14—generator, 15— Working fluid pump.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
如图1所示，本发明一种梯级换热有机朗肯循环发电系统包括高压有机朗肯循环装置和低压有机朗肯循环装置。As shown in FIG. 1 , a cascade heat exchange organic rankine cycle power generation system of the present invention includes a high-pressure organic rankine cycle device and a low-pressure organic rankine cycle device.
高压有机朗肯循环装置包括高压蒸发器1，高压预热器2，高压乏汽回热器4，膨胀机3、冷凝器5及储液罐6，低压有机朗肯循环装置包括低压蒸发器7，低压预热器8及低压乏汽回热器9。高压蒸发器1的壳侧入口与热源输送管相连，高压蒸发器1壳侧出口通过管道分别连接于所述高压预热器2和所述低压蒸发器7，高压蒸发器1与所述高压预热器2、低压蒸发器7之间均设有流量计10和流量调节阀11，通过流量调节阀11和流量计10调整热源分别进入高压预热器2和低压蒸发器7的量。高压预热器2的管侧出口连接与高压蒸发器1的管侧入口，高压预热器2的管侧入口与储液罐6连通，两者之间设有第一控制阀12。高压蒸发器1的管侧出口通过管道连接于膨胀机3，膨胀机3的后端连接有发电机14，膨胀机3的下端设有补气口31，膨胀机3的排气口连接于高压乏汽回热器4，两者之间设有阀门，同时膨胀机3的排气口与冷凝器5连接，两者之间也设有阀门，高压乏汽回热器4的出口与高压预热器2的管侧入口通过管道连通。The high-pressure organic Rankine cycle device includes high-pressure evaporator 1, high-pressure preheater 2, high-pressure exhaust steam regenerator 4, expander 3, condenser 5 and liquid storage tank 6, and the low-pressure organic Rankine cycle device includes low-pressure evaporator 7 , Low-pressure preheater 8 and low-pressure exhaust steam regenerator 9. The shell-side inlet of the high-pressure evaporator 1 is connected to the heat source delivery pipe, the shell-side outlet of the high-pressure evaporator 1 is respectively connected to the high-pressure preheater 2 and the low-pressure evaporator 7 through pipelines, and the high-pressure evaporator 1 is connected to the high-pressure preheater 7. A flow meter 10 and a flow regulating valve 11 are arranged between the heater 2 and the low-pressure evaporator 7, through which the amount of the heat source entering the high-pressure preheater 2 and the low-pressure evaporator 7 is adjusted. The tube-side outlet of the high-pressure preheater 2 is connected to the tube-side inlet of the high-pressure evaporator 1, and the tube-side inlet of the high-pressure preheater 2 communicates with the liquid storage tank 6, and a first control valve 12 is arranged between them. The tube-side outlet of the high-pressure evaporator 1 is connected to the expander 3 through a pipeline, the rear end of the expander 3 is connected to a generator 14, the lower end of the expander 3 is provided with an air supply port 31, and the exhaust port of the expander 3 is connected to the high-pressure exhaust port. The steam regenerator 4 has a valve between them. At the same time, the exhaust port of the expander 3 is connected to the condenser 5. There is also a valve between the two. The outlet of the high-pressure exhaust steam regenerator 4 is connected to the high-pressure preheating The tube-side inlet of device 2 is communicated by pipeline.
低压蒸发器7的壳侧入口与高压蒸发器1的壳侧出口相连通，两者之间设有流量计10和流量调节阀11，低压蒸发器7的壳侧出口与低压预热器8壳侧入口连通，低压预热器8的管侧入口与与储液罐6相连，两者之间设有第一控制阀12，同时低压预热器8的管侧入口与低压乏汽回热器9的出口相连，两者之间也设有阀门，低压预热器8的管侧出口与低压蒸发器7的管侧入口连通，低压蒸发器7的管侧出口通过管道与补气口31连通。低压乏汽回热器9的入口与与高压乏汽回热器4的出口连通，其出口与冷凝器5连通，同时，低压乏汽回热器9的入口与储液罐6连通，两者之间设有工质泵15及第二控制阀13，低压乏汽回热器9的出口与高压乏汽回热器4的入口连通。The shell-side inlet of the low-pressure evaporator 7 communicates with the shell-side outlet of the high-pressure evaporator 1, and a flow meter 10 and a flow regulating valve 11 are arranged between them, and the shell-side outlet of the low-pressure evaporator 7 is connected to the shell of the low-pressure preheater 8 The side inlet of the low-pressure preheater 8 is connected to the pipe side inlet of the low-pressure preheater 8 and the liquid storage tank 6, and a first control valve 12 is arranged between the two. The outlets of 9 are connected, and a valve is also arranged between the two. The tube-side outlet of the low-pressure preheater 8 communicates with the tube-side inlet of the low-pressure evaporator 7, and the tube-side outlet of the low-pressure evaporator 7 communicates with the gas supply port 31 through a pipeline. The inlet of the low-pressure exhaust steam regenerator 9 communicates with the outlet of the high-pressure exhaust steam regenerator 4, and its outlet communicates with the condenser 5. At the same time, the inlet of the low-pressure exhaust steam regenerator 9 communicates with the liquid storage tank 6, both A working medium pump 15 and a second control valve 13 are arranged between them, and the outlet of the low-pressure exhaust steam regenerator 9 communicates with the inlet of the high-pressure exhaust steam regenerator 4 .
冷凝器5设有冷却水进口和冷却水出口，冷却水入口与冷却水管道相连通，冷凝器同时连接于低压乏汽回热器9的出口及膨胀机3的出口，当膨胀机3出气口乏汽温度较低时，工质不经过高压乏汽回热器4，而直接进入冷凝器5内。The condenser 5 is provided with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet, the cooling water inlet is connected with the cooling water pipeline, and the condenser is connected to the outlet of the low-pressure exhaust steam regenerator 9 and the outlet of the expander 3 at the same time, when the outlet of the expander 3 When the exhaust steam temperature is low, the working fluid directly enters the condenser 5 without passing through the high-pressure exhaust steam regenerator 4 .
基于上述发电系统的发电方法如下：The power generation method based on the above-mentioned power generation system is as follows:
热源通过高压蒸发器1的壳侧入口进入高压蒸发器1内，在本实施例中，热源为一切以显热形式存在的低温热源，如地热水、烟气等。进入高压蒸发器1后热源与高压蒸发器1管内的工质换热后，热源通过壳侧出口流出并分流进入高压预热器2和低压蒸发器7中，其中热源在高压预热器2中与其中的工质进行换热，热源放热后排出，同时低压蒸发器7内的热源在低压蒸发器7内加热其中的工质，然后热源流入低压预热器8中与其中的工质进行换热，热源换热后排出。通过流量计10及流量调节阀11来调节经过高压蒸发器1后分流进入高压预热器2和低压蒸发器7中的热源含量，降低了高压预热器2中的不可逆损失，使高压蒸发器1中的蒸发温度及低压预热器8中的热源温度升高，在原热源不变的基础上，提高了低压级预热器8热源品位。The heat source enters the high-pressure evaporator 1 through the shell-side inlet of the high-pressure evaporator 1. In this embodiment, the heat source is any low-temperature heat source in the form of sensible heat, such as geothermal water and flue gas. After entering the high-pressure evaporator 1, the heat source exchanges heat with the working medium in the tube of the high-pressure evaporator 1, and the heat source flows out through the shell side outlet and splits into the high-pressure preheater 2 and the low-pressure evaporator 7, wherein the heat source is in the high-pressure preheater 2 Exchanging heat with the working fluid in it, the heat source releases heat and then discharges it. At the same time, the heat source in the low-pressure evaporator 7 heats the working fluid in the low-pressure evaporator 7, and then the heat source flows into the low-pressure preheater 8 to be heated with the working fluid in the low-pressure evaporator 7. Heat exchange, the heat source is discharged after heat exchange. The flowmeter 10 and the flow regulating valve 11 are used to adjust the heat source content of the high-pressure preheater 2 and the low-pressure evaporator 7 after passing through the high-pressure evaporator 1, which reduces the irreversible loss in the high-pressure preheater 2 and makes the high-pressure evaporator The evaporation temperature in 1 and the temperature of the heat source in the low-pressure preheater 8 increase, and the grade of the heat source in the low-pressure stage preheater 8 is improved on the basis that the original heat source remains unchanged.
该发电系统中存在工质，优选的，是有机工质，在循环系统中，工质由储液罐6被工质泵15抽出，分别进入高压预热器2和低压预热器8中，与其中的热源进行换热，从而使工质被加热，然后工质再进入高压蒸发器1和低压蒸发器7的管中，在高压蒸发器1中与热源换热进而被加热蒸发，形成高压蒸汽，该高压蒸汽进入膨胀机3中带动发电机14发电，同时低压蒸发器7中的工质也与热源换热后形成低压蒸汽，低压蒸汽通过补气口31进入膨胀机3中，对膨胀机3提供能量做功，因此本发明的发电系统可以对不同温度的热源都进行利用，充分实现能源梯级利用，同时能够降低设备投资。高压蒸汽与低压蒸汽在膨胀机3内释放能量后由膨胀机3的排气口排出，此时若排气口乏汽温度较高，例如排气口排出的工质为气态，则工质进入高压乏汽回热器4中换热，再进入低压乏汽回热器9中换热，然后进入冷凝器5中冷却，最后流入储液罐6；若排气口乏汽温度较低，例如排气口排出的工质为液态，则工质直接进入冷凝器5内冷却后流入储液罐6。There is a working medium in the power generation system, preferably an organic working medium. In the circulation system, the working medium is extracted from the liquid storage tank 6 by the working medium pump 15 and enters the high-pressure preheater 2 and the low-pressure preheater 8 respectively. Exchange heat with the heat source in it, so that the working fluid is heated, and then the working fluid enters the tubes of the high-pressure evaporator 1 and the low-pressure evaporator 7, exchanges heat with the heat source in the high-pressure evaporator 1, and then is heated and evaporated to form a high pressure Steam, the high-pressure steam enters the expander 3 to drive the generator 14 to generate electricity, and at the same time, the working medium in the low-pressure evaporator 7 also exchanges heat with the heat source to form low-pressure steam, and the low-pressure steam enters the expander 3 through the gas supply port 31, and the expansion machine 3. Provide energy to do work. Therefore, the power generation system of the present invention can utilize heat sources of different temperatures, fully realize energy cascade utilization, and reduce equipment investment at the same time. The high-pressure steam and low-pressure steam are discharged from the exhaust port of the expander 3 after releasing energy in the expander 3. At this time, if the temperature of the exhaust steam at the exhaust port is high, for example, the working medium discharged from the exhaust port is gaseous, the working medium enters Heat exchange in the high-pressure exhaust steam regenerator 4, then enter the low-pressure exhaust steam regenerator 9 for heat exchange, then enter the condenser 5 for cooling, and finally flow into the liquid storage tank 6; if the temperature of exhaust exhaust at the exhaust port is low, for example The working medium discharged from the exhaust port is liquid, and then the working medium directly enters the condenser 5 to cool and then flows into the liquid storage tank 6 .
乏汽温度也控制了储液罐6内工质流出时的路径。若乏汽温度较高时，第一控制阀12关闭，第二控制阀13打开，工质泵15将储液罐6内的工质提升进入低压乏汽回热器9中加热，然后通过阀门调节，工质部分进入低压预热器8中，另一部分进入高压乏汽回热器4中进一步加热后进入高压预热器2中。高压乏汽回热器4和低压乏汽回热器9的使用既充分回收了工质携带的热量，又提高了工质进入高压预热器2和低压预热器8时的温度，降低冷凝器5中不可逆损失，使整个系统中存在多级换热，充分利用能源。若乏汽温度较低时，第一控制阀12打开，第二控制阀13关闭，工质泵15将储液罐6内的工质抽出后直接进入高压预热器2和低压预热器8中。The exhaust steam temperature also controls the path of the working fluid in the liquid storage tank 6 when it flows out. If the exhaust steam temperature is high, the first control valve 12 is closed, the second control valve 13 is opened, and the working medium pump 15 lifts the working medium in the liquid storage tank 6 into the low-pressure exhaust steam regenerator 9 for heating, and then passes through the valve Adjustment, part of the working fluid enters the low-pressure preheater 8, and the other part enters the high-pressure exhaust steam regenerator 4 for further heating and then enters the high-pressure preheater 2. The use of high-pressure exhaust steam regenerator 4 and low-pressure exhaust steam regenerator 9 not only fully recovers the heat carried by the working fluid, but also increases the temperature of the working fluid when it enters the high-pressure preheater 2 and low-pressure preheater 8, reducing condensation The irreversible loss in the device 5 enables multi-stage heat exchange in the whole system and makes full use of energy. If the exhaust steam temperature is low, the first control valve 12 is opened, the second control valve 13 is closed, and the working medium pump 15 pumps out the working medium in the liquid storage tank 6 and directly enters the high pressure preheater 2 and the low pressure preheater 8 middle.
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本技术方案的宗旨和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围内。The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without Any deviation from the spirit and scope of the technical solution shall be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.
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