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Picometer-Resolved Photoemission Position within the Molecule by Strong-Field Photoelectron Holography

Wenhai Xie1, Jiaqing Yan1, Min Li1,*, Chuanpeng Cao1, Keyu Guo1, Yueming Zhou1, and Peixiang Lu1,2,3,†

  • 1Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
  • 2Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
  • 3CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science, Shanghai 201800, China
  • *mli@hust.edu.cn
  • lupeixiang@hust.edu.cn

Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 263202 – Published 22 December, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.263202

Abstract

Laser-induced tunneling ionization is one of the fundamental light-matter interaction processes. An accurate description of the tunnel-ionized electron wave packet is central to understanding and controlling subsequent electron dynamics. Because of the anisotropic molecular structure, tunneling ionization of molecules involves considerable challenges in accurately describing the tunneling electron wave packet. Up to now, some basic properties of the tunneling electron from molecules still remain unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that the tunneling electron from a molecule is not always emitted from the geometric center of the molecule along the tunnel direction. Rather, the photoemission position depends on the molecular orientation. Using a photoelectron holographic technique, we determine the photoemission position for a nitrogen molecule relative to the molecular geometric center to be 95±21pm when the molecular axis is oriented along the tunnel direction. Our Letter poses, and answers experimentally, a fundamental question as to where the molecular photoionization actually begins, which has significant implications for time-resolved probing of valence electron dynamics in molecules.

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Focus

How to Find the Electron Starting Block

Published 22 December, 2021

A new technique pinpoints, with picometer resolution, the location from which an emitted electron originates within a molecule.

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