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    Evolution of spin excitations in a gapped antiferromagnet from the quantum to the high-temperature limit

    M. Kenzelmann1, R. A. Cowley1, W. J. L. Buyers2,3, R. Coldea4,5, M. Enderle6,7, and D. F. McMorrow8

    • 1Oxford Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
    • 2Neutron Program for Materials Research, National Research Council of Canada, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada KOJ 1J0
    • 3Canadian Institute for Advanced Research
    • 4Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Solid State Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
    • 5ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
    • 6Technische Physik, Gebäude 38, Universität des Saarlandes, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
    • 7Institut Laue-Langevin, Boîte Postal 156 38042 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
    • 8Condensed Matter Physics and Chemistry Department, Risø National Laboratory, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark

    Phys. Rev. B 66, 174412 – Published 8 November, 2002

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.66.174412

    Abstract

    We have mapped from the quantum to the classical limit the spin excitation spectrum of the antiferromagnetic spin-1 Heisenberg chain system CsNiCl3 in its paramagnetic phase from T=5 to 200K. Neutron scattering shows that the excitations are resonant and dispersive up to at least T=70K2.7J, but broaden considerably with increasing temperature. The dispersion flattens out with increasing temperature as the resonance energy Δ at the antiferromagnetic wave vector increases and the maximum in the dispersion decreases. The correlation length ξ between T=12 and 50K is in agreement with quantum Monte Carlo calculations for the spin-1 chain. ξ is also consistent with the single mode approximation, suggesting that the excitations are short-lived single particle excitations. Below T=12K where three-dimensional spin correlations are important, ξ is shorter than predicted and the experiment is not consistent with the random phase approximation for coupled quantum chains. At T=200K, the structure factor and second energy moment of the excitation spectrum are in excellent agreement with the high-temperature series expansion.

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