Tuned mass dampers (TMDs) are applied in various high rise buildings to reduce wind induced and seismic vibration response of the structures. This paper reviews various techniques to optimize design variables of TMDs i.e. damping ratio, period and mass. The optimization problem of TMD deals with TMD frequency tuning to different frequency modes of vibration of structures. The application of novel optimization approaches such as genetic algorithm and modified bat algorithms are reviewed in this paper.