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Physics of strong magnetism with eXTP

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  • Special Issue: Exploration of the Extreme Universe with the eXTP Mission
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Abstract

In this paper we present the science potential of the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry (eXTP) mission, in its new configuration, for studies of strongly magnetized compact objects. We discuss the scientific potential of eXTP for quantum electrodynamic (QED) studies, especially leveraging the recent observations made with the NASA IXPE mission. Given eXTP’s unique combination of timing, spectroscopy, and polarimetry, we focus on the perspectives for physics and astrophysics studies of strongly magnetized compact objects, such as magnetars and accreting X-ray pulsars. Developed by an international Consortium led by the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the eXTP mission is expected to launch in early 2030.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Mingyu Ge, Yanjun Xu, Andrea Santangelo, Shuang-Nan Zhang, Hua Feng, Lian Tao, Wentao Ye, Qing-Chang Zhao, Shao-Lin Xiong, Shu Zhang, Pan-Ping Li, Xiaobo Li, Jingqiang Peng, Qingcang Shui & Yuan You

  2. School of Physics and Astronomy, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China

    Long Ji

  3. CSST Science Center for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area, Zhuhai, 519082, China

    Long Ji

  4. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, Padova, I35131, Italy

    Roberto Taverna & Roberto Turolla

  5. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, Turku, FI-20014, Finland

    Sergey Tsygankov & Juri Poutanen

  6. Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Kepler Center for Astro and Particle Physics, Eberhard Karls Universität Tbingen, Sand 1, Tübingen, 72076, Germany

    Andrea Santangelo, Ling-Da Kong, Valery Suleimanov, Honghui Liu & Youli Tuo

  7. Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey, RH5 6NT, UK

    Silvia Zane, Ruth Kelly & Roberto Turolla

  8. Guangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic Astrophysics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China

    Wei Chen, Kuan Liu & Fei Xie

  9. Institute of Astrophysics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China

    Quan Cheng & Xiaoping Zheng

  10. Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650216, China

    Xian Hou

  11. INAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, I-00078 Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, 00078, Italy

    Matteo Imbrogno & Gian Luca Israel

  12. Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RH, UK

    Alexander Mushtukov

  13. Department of Astronomy, School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China

    Hao Tong & Hongguang Wang

  14. Key Laboratory of Astronomical Observation and Technology of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, 510006, China

    Hao Tong & Hongguang Wang

  15. Great Bay Area, National Astronomical Data Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China

    Hao Tong & Hongguang Wang

  16. Department of Physics, College of Mathematics and Physics, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China

    Weihua Wang

  17. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Qing-Chang Zhao

  18. Centre for Astrophysics Research, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK

    Nabil Brice

  19. Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210023, China

    Jinjun Geng

  20. Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 102206, China

    Lin Lin & Yucong Fu

  21. School of Physics and Astronomy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China

    Lin Lin & Yucong Fu

  22. School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Wei-Yang Wang

  23. Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science, Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA

    Dong Lai

  24. Department of Astronomy, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China

    Jian Li

  25. School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China

    Jian Li

  26. Department of Astronomy, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China

    Xinyu Li

  27. School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China

    Jiren Liu

  28. Department of Astronomy, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China

    Wei Wang

  29. Department of Physics and Institute of Theoretical Physics, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China

    Shanshan Weng

  30. Department of Astronomy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Xiaoping Zheng

  31. Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China

    Xia Zhou

  32. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Radio Astrophysics, Urumqi, 830011, China

    Andrea Santangelo & Xia Zhou

Authors
  1. Mingyu Ge
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  2. Long Ji
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  3. Roberto Taverna
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  4. Sergey Tsygankov
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  5. Yanjun Xu
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  6. Andrea Santangelo
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  7. Silvia Zane
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  8. Shuang-Nan Zhang
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  9. Hua Feng
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  10. Wei Chen
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  11. Quan Cheng
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  12. Xian Hou
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  13. Matteo Imbrogno
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  14. Gian Luca Israel
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  15. Ruth Kelly
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  16. Ling-Da Kong
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  17. Kuan Liu
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  18. Alexander Mushtukov
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  21. Lian Tao
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  29. Lin Lin
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  35. Dong Lai
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  36. Jian Li
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  38. Xiaobo Li
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  39. Xinyu Li
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  40. Honghui Liu
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  41. Jiren Liu
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  42. Jingqiang Peng
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  43. Qingcang Shui
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  44. Youli Tuo
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  45. Hongguang Wang
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  46. Wei Wang
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  47. Shanshan Weng
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  48. Yuan You
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  49. Xiaoping Zheng
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  50. Xia Zhou
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Mingyu Ge, Long Ji, Roberto Taverna or Sergey Tsygankov.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

This work was supported by the China’s Space Origins Exploration Program and the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2021YFA0718500). We acknowledge the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12373051, 12273028, 12173103, 12261141691, and 12003009). R. Taverna and R. Turolla acknowledge the support by the Italian MUR (grant PRIN 2022 - 2022LW-PEXW grant, “An X-ray view of compact objects in polarized light”, CUP C53D23001180006). V. Suleimanov thanks the German Research Foundation (DFG) grant WE 1312/59-1 for financial support. A. Mushtukov thanks UKRI Stephen Hawking fellowship. R. Kelly acknowledges the support by UKRI STFC (Grant No. ST/W507891/1). S.-N. Zhang is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12333007), the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. 113111KYSB20190020), and the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA15020100). F. Xie is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12373041, and 12422306), and the Bagui Scholars Program (XF). N. Brice is supported by STFC (Grant No. ST/Y001060/1).

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Ge, M., Ji, L., Taverna, R. et al. Physics of strong magnetism with eXTP. Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron. 68, 119505 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11433-025-2796-y

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