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Analyses of genome and exome sequencing data identify rare coding and structural variants associated with atrial fibrillation and highlight genetic links between atrial fibrillation and cardiomyopathies.

Metal–organic chemical vapour deposition enables the wafer-scale growth of hexagonal boron nitride with an AA stacking sequence that was previously considered thermodynamically unfavourable.

The random orientation of spontaneously formed 2D phase atop 3D perovskites limits the performance of solar cells. Here, authors introduce a meta-amidinopyridine ligand with solvent post dripping to generate highly ordered 2D perovskites, achieving maximum efficiency of 26.05% for stable devices.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have improved our understanding of the genetic basis of lung adenocarcinoma but known susceptibility variants explain only a small fraction of the familial risk. Here, the authors perform a two-stage GWAS and report 12 novel genetic loci associated with lung adenocarcinoma in East Asians.

An ultra-rapid 3D immunostaining protocol can uniformly label organ-scale tissues.

Kim and colleagues perform a phase 2 clinical trial (ELM-2) of odronextamab monotherapy in patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma and report on the primary analyses of the efficacy and safety profile.

Clarke, Hawkinson and colleagues study the contribution of glycogen accumulation in the onset and progression of lung cancer.

The maturation of enterocytes mediated by CFTR, regulated by TGF-β1 and FGF2, is a fetal-specific process that plays a crucial role in the intestinal development of preterm infants.

Ubiquitination is an important regulatory mechanism to enhance or inhibit the activity of signalling molecules in immunological processes. Here authors show that the ubiquitin ligase Pellino1 increases the activation of STAT3 in colitis and colitis-associated colon cancer, and these inflammatory conditions are mitigated upon monocyte-specific genomic deletion of Pellino1 in mice.

The advantage of living in cities compared with rural areas with respect to height and BMI in children and adolescents has generally become smaller globally from 1990 to 2020, except in sub-Saharan Africa.

Metaplastic breast cancer is a highly chemoresistant breast cancer subtype with limited therapeutic options. Here, the authors report that the NOS inhibitor, L-NMMA, sensitises metaplastic breast cancer to a selective PI3K inhibitor, alpelisib, and taxane chemotherapy via repression of c-JUN mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.

Artificial intelligence (AI) could improve mammography screening accuracy, but prospective evidence is still lacking. Here, the authors show in a prospective multicentre cohort study under single-read settings that the diagnostic accuracy of breast radiologists can significantly improve with AI-based computer-aided detection.

A large genome-wide association study of more than 5 million individuals reveals that 12,111 single-nucleotide polymorphisms account for nearly all the heritability of height attributable to common genetic variants.

Design of electrocatalyst in lithium sulfur batteries is important to improve electrochemical performance. Here, authors use protective carbon layer to modulate the metal p-band center and prevent undesirable phase change of electrocatalyst for realizing 1 A h level lithium sulfur pouch cell.

Microbiome-secreted proteins act as key modulators of host-microbiome crosstalk. Here, the authors show that Amuc_1409 protein, secreted from Akkermansia muciniphila, plays a key role in intestinal homeostasis by regulating intestinal stem cells through interaction with E-cadherin, indicating its potential as a biomolecule for improving gut health.

Generation of water as a byproduct in chemical reactions is often detrimental because it lowers the yield of the target product. Here, a thermally rearranged polybenzoxazole membrane has been developed, allowing for selective removal of water in chemical reactions.

A hybrid analogue–digital quantum simulator is used to demonstrate beyond-classical performance in benchmarking experiments and to study thermalization phenomena in an XY quantum magnet, including the breakdown of Kibble–Zurek scaling predictions and signatures of the Kosterlitz–Thouless phase transition.

Analysis of medulloblastomas in humans and mice shows that the functional consequences of ZIC1 mutations are exquisitely dependent on the cells of origin that give rise to different subgroups of medulloblastoma.

Solid organ transplant recipients are at increased risk of infectious disease and have unique molecular pathophysiology. Here the authors use host-microbe profiling to assess SARS-CoV-2 infection and immunity in solid organ transplant recipients, showing enhanced viral abundance, impaired clearance, and increased expression of innate immunity genes.

For magnetic domain-wall devices, key issue to be addressed is nonstochastic displacement of magnetic domain wall. Here, authors report domain-wall control with a position error-free scheme via spin-orbit torque modulation along nanotrack devices.

Spatially resolved images of M87 obtained at a wavelength of 3.5 mm in 2018 show a ring-like accretion structure, the inner (outer) edge of which connects the black hole (jet).

Phoenix Fluor 555 (PF555) is a bright dye with an exceptional, order-of-magnitude longer photobleaching lifetime than conventional organic dyes that enables extended live-cell single-molecule imaging without anti-photobleaching additives.

Here, the authors show that higher levels of the gut bacterial clade TANB77 associate with better response to cancer immunotherapy, and further demonstrate in mice that a conserved pilin from TANB77 plays a role in enhancing immunotherapy efficacy, suggesting a potential therapeutic avenue.

A stealthy neural recorder allows for the study of the behaviour of non-human primates in naturalistic settings.

Whole genome sequences enable discovery of rare variants which may help to explain the heritability of common diseases. Here the authors find that ultra-rare variants explain ~50% of coronary artery disease (CAD) heritability and highlight several functional processes including cell type-specific regulatory mechanisms as key drivers of CAD genetic risk.

A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of type 2 diabetes (T2D) identifies more than 600 T2D-associated loci; integrating physiological trait and single-cell chromatin accessibility data at these loci sheds light on heterogeneity within the T2D phenotype.

Optogenetic tools allow fine spatial control of signalling pathways using light. Chang et al. present a strategy for constructing light-sensitive receptor tyrosine kinases and demonstrate that optogenetic stimulation of Trk receptors in neurons promotes neurite outgrowth.

Molybdenum disulphide may be prepared by lithiation and exfoliation; however the process requires a long lithiation and produces low yields. Here, the authors show that metal naphthalenides may be used for the intercalation, and that the resulting products are of high quality and may be inkjet-printed.

Alkali cations in electrolytes are commonly considered chemically inert species, but their role has recently been called into question. Now, using in situ spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations, it is shown that alkali cations couple with intermediates in the oxygen reduction reaction, acting as cocatalysts.

The COSINE-100U experiment upgrades the COSINE-100 detector to improve the search for dark matter interactions using ultra-low background NaI(Tl) crystals. By enhancing light collection efficiency and reducing background noise through a new encapsulation design, the experiment achieves higher sensitivity, advancing the investigation of the DAMA/LIBRA annual modulation signal.

Analysis of 2,096 single-cell clones from three tissues of 31 healthy donors characterizes mitochondrial DNA mosaicism and highlights the following two origins of mtDNA variants: heteroplasmy in the fertilized egg and postzygotic mutations.

Controlled tissue fixation with polyepoxides protects protein fluorescence, antigenicity, nucleic acids and tissue architecture.

Grain boundaries in polycrystalline materials may offer the opportunity to explore physical phenomena that do not normally occur within the crystal grains. Here, the authors show that twin boundaries in Bi₂Te₃works as an electron supply for the whole bulk material.