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Low-cost targeted approach to construct haplotype-resolved assemblies is needed to facilitate population genetic studies. Here, the authors demonstrate assembling high-quality MHC haplotypes with CRISPR-based enrichment and long-read sequencings.

Chen et al. report an interfacial amidation reaction between perovskite precursor and pimelic acid on sacrificial ZnO substrates to fabricate 3D FAPbBr3 films with low trap density of 1.2E10 cm⁻³. The device structure is further optimised to achieve green LEDs with low efficiency roll-off.

Swanton and colleagues present a clonal expression signature, ORACLE, which, in combination with clinicopathological and molecular risk factors, can predict survival of patients with lung adenocarcinoma, and they prospectively validate its prognostic value.

SCF ubiquitin ligase-mediated protein turnover is critical for cell function. Here, the authors reveal that CAND2, a CAND1 homolog linked to multiple human diseases, acts as an F-box protein exchange factor, albeit less efficiently than CAND1, to shape SCF assembly and regulate protein degradation.

Cochlear implantation requires highly accurate multi-axis force sensing in the constrained operating environment. Here, the authors present a multi-axis pneumatic forceps capable of independent rotations and translations, enhancing operation precision and stability during robotic microsurgery.

The exact mechanism for superconductivity in iron-based superconductors remains elusive, but is thought to involve complex interactions between many orbitals. Using angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy, Liuet al. report the electronic structure of the single-layer parent compound FeSe.

Low-cost Cu catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) can transform industrial water electrolysis, but pure Cu typically exhibits a negligible HER. Here, combining pulsed laser ablation and subsequent electroreduction, Cu nanotwins form that enable the HER at an overpotential of 301 mV, with 125 h of stable operation at a current density of 500 mA cm⁻².

Aging increases the risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here, the authors present a spatial transcriptome atlas of the human prefrontal cortex in AD, revealing distinct transcriptional alterations.

Genetically engineered commensal bacteria are promising living drugs, however, drug delivery is limited to bacterial colonization site. Here, the authors report an oral protein delivery technology utilizing an engineered bacterial type zero secretion system (T0SS) via outer membrane vesicles (OMVs).

Chen et al. present a deep learning-based lead optimization model that combines generative artificial intelligence with structure-based approaches. The method is successfully applied to the design of drug-like molecules targeting the recently identified LTK protein target with high potency and selectivity.

This study maps proteomic changes in Alzheimer’s mouse models, identifying shared pathways with humans, amyloid-driven protein turnover, and proteome-transcriptome differences, offering insights into disease mechanisms and potential targets.

Macrophages play a key role in atherosclerosis through lipid uptake and inflammation. Here, the authors show that RNF128 promotes atherosclerosis by stabilizing scavenger receptor B1 (SRB1) via polyubiquitination, enhancing foam cell formation and inflammation, while its ablation reduces plaque formation in hyperlipidemic mice.

The realization of active metasurfaces operating in the infrared range remains challenging due to design complexities and scarcity of suitable materials. Here, the authors report the realization of electrically programmable plasmonic metasurfaces integrated with graphene transistors, enabling pixelated thermal emission with low cross-talk and enhanced coherence.

Smaller nanostructures often have higher activities, but at the expense of losing chemical stability. Here, the authors find that reducing the size of FeO nanostructures to below 3 nm enhances their resistance to oxidation, and attribute this unexpected observation to a size-dependent, structural dynamics effect.

This Resource presents a method to define connectivity types of neurons based on a spatially registered large database containing more than 20,000 neuronal reconstructions. A brain connectivity map is also generated using such connectivity features.

Renal cell carcinoma consists of several subtypes, and recurrence is highly dependent on subtype. Here, the authors develop a multi-classifier using imaging, lncRNA and clinical data to predict recurrence in papillary renal cell carcinoma.

Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML) with Retinoic acid receptor-gamma (RARG) fusions have similarities to Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) but are not responsive to standard APL treatments. Here, the authors show the specific molecular mechanisms lead by RARG fusions in AML driving leukemogenesis and as potential therapeutic targets.

Oxidative stress contributes significantly to postmenopausal osteoporosis by impairing osteoblast function, but its precise mechanisms remain unclear. Here, the authors show that estrogen deficiency reduces GPX4 expression, leading to phospholipid peroxidation that impairs osteoblastogenesis, while GPX4 activators including 6- and 8-Gingerols can mitigate these effects.

Yingbin Liu, Yun Liu, Hui Wang and colleagues perform whole-exome and targeted gene sequencing of gallbladder carcinoma. They identify recurrent somatic alterations in components of the ErbB signaling pathway and show that these alterations are associated with poor clinical outcomes.

The African swine fever virus represents a threat to global pig production. Here, the authors determine the cryo-EM structures of ASFV RNA polymerase, and suggest that the M1249L subunit may modulate polymerase activity in cells.

Difunctionalization of readily available alkenes is a powerful method to quickly build molecular complexity. Here the authors report a three-component, oxidative carboamination between alkenes, alkyl nitriles and amines, producingγ-amino alkyl nitriles.

A deep learning system able to identify the most common skin conditions may help clinicians in making more accurate diagnoses in routine clinical practice

This randomized trial assessed the effectiveness and safety of single blastocyst transfer vs single cleavage-stage embryo transfer among women with good prognosis. Here, the authors show improved cumulative live birth rates and relatively unfavorable perinatal outcomes after blastocyst transfer.

Here the authors analyzed 3.7 petavoxels of 3D imaging data from 204 mouse brains, aiming to comprehensively characterize diverse morphological and modular patterns conserved across six spatial scales of mouse brain anatomy, ranging from the whole-brain scale to synaptic levels.

Using near-real-time daily carbon emission datasets from 48 cities in China, this paper explores post-COVID-19 during which Chinese cities experienced economic growth and reduced greenhouse gas emissions—a low-carbon recovery. Six low-carbon-recovery cities (mainly megacities) saved, on average, 1.2 times as many lives per 100,000 population than the 42 other cities.

CRISPR-Cas12e systems exhibit robust genome editing capabilities, yet their phylogenetic diversity remains underexplored. Here, authors elucidate the biochemical diversity and structural variations of newly identified Cas12e proteins, offering critical insights into structure-activity relationships.

With an improved framework for model development and evaluation, a large language model is shown to provide answers to medical questions that are comparable or preferred with respect to those provided by human physicians.

Room temperature phosphorescent materials have potential in flexible electronics and photonics, but it is challenging to achieve desirable material properties. Here, the authors report stretchable, lightweight and multicoloured room temperature phosphorescent elastomers.

Oral administration of the anti-diabetic drug acarbose is shown to enhance the efficacy of cancer anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in female mice by modulating the composition and metabolism of the gut microbiota.

The authors identify one emerging H2N2 AIV, reveal the molecular basis of human-type receptor binding of the H2N2 AIV and pandemic strains, and evaluate the public risk of H2N2 AIV by its infection, transmission and mammalian-adaptation features.

A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of type 2 diabetes (T2D) identifies more than 600 T2D-associated loci; integrating physiological trait and single-cell chromatin accessibility data at these loci sheds light on heterogeneity within the T2D phenotype.

spIsoNet is an end-to-end self-supervised deep learning-based software to address the reconstruction and misalignment challenge in single-particle cryo-EM caused by the preferred-orientation problem. spIsoNet can also improve map isotropy and particle alignment of preferentially oriented molecules during subtomogram averaging in cryogenic electron tomography.

CO₂ fixation plays an important role to make bioproduction cost competitive. Here, the authors take 3-hydroxypropionic acid as an example to showcase how to achieve high carbon yield production through increasing the accessible bicarbonate, minimizing native CO₂ release and avoiding carbon waste.