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Negative regulator of thermotolerance 1 (NAT1) is identified as a negative regulator of thermotolerance in rice through the NAT1–bHLH110–CER1/CER1L module. Modifying NAT1 by targeted gene editing increases wax deposition and enhances thermotolerance in rice.

Zhang, Huang, Wang, Long et al. report that NAT10 enhances serine uptake and biosynthesis in an ac4C-dependent mechanism, thereby promoting stemness and progression in acute myeloid leukaemia.

Lei et al. develop a 4-1BB co-stimulated anti-CD19 CAR-NK cell product, show efficacy in pre-clinical models, and test safety and feasibility in a phase 1 trial in patients with refractory/relapsed large B cell lymphoma.

Understanding the genetic factors that regulate panicle architecture is important for improving rice yields. In this study, Li et al. demonstrate that the gene PTB1is critical for regulating panicle seed setting rate and pollen tube growth.

Induction of hypothermia during hibernation/torpor enables certain mammals to survive under extreme conditions. Here, the authors show that the natural product P57 induces hypothermia by targeting pyridoxal kinase and has a potential application in therapeutic hypothermia.

Wzc is the master regulator of the biosynthesis and export of bacterial capsular polysaccharides and exopolysaccharides. Here, the authors report cryoEM structures of intermediate states and provide insights into phosphorylation and transmembrane signalling.

Systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease study reported that, despite global improvements from 1990 to 2021, dietary iron deficiency-associated disease burden remains high in women, children and residents in low socio-demographic index countries.

Semiconductor polymers containing selenophene in their backbones and immunomodulatory groups in their side chains enable the fabrication of implantable bioelectronic devices with enhanced immune compatibility and low foreign-body response.

MultiSTAAR provides a general and flexible statistical framework for functionally informed multi-trait rare variant analysis of biobank-scale sequencing studies by jointly analyzing multiple traits and incorporating annotation information.

For the past 2.6 million years, Earth’s axial tilt and wobble have influenced sea ice in the high-latitudes (>70° N) and mid-latitudes (35–70° N), respectively, while greenhouse gases mostly influenced sea ice in North Atlantic deep convection regions.

Anode-free sodium metal batteries without excess sodium achieve high energy density and low cost, but their cycling stability remains poor. Here an optimized current collector interphase enables unprecedented cyclability and energy density.

Diagnostic reasoning using an optimized large language model with a dataset comprising real-world medical cases exhibited improved differential diagnostic performance as an assistive tool for clinicians over search engines and standard medical resources.

In a large-scale, international, multicenter, phase 1/1b trial, treatment of patients with advanced solid tumors with the B7H3-targeting antibody–drug conjugate YL201 was safe and showed preliminary clinical efficacy.

The protective role of MAIT cells in the HFRS disease and the ER stress related mechanisms behind MAIT cell pyroptosis during HTNV infection.

Lithium–sulfur batteries are a promising electrochemical energy storage technology; however, they are limited by the dissolution of polysulfide intermediates. Now, it has been shown that sparingly solvating electrolytes containing a phase mediator can avoid polysulfide dissolution and accelerate surface-localized solution-phase sulfur reaction to improve battery performances.

This study reports the horizontal gene transfer of CSP genes from bacteria to Triticeae, promoting the adaptation and spread of wheat through enhanced drought tolerance and photosynthetic efficiency.

Moderate disorder can induce topologically nontrivial phases. Liu et al. report the experimental observations of the competition and interplay between Thouless pumping and disorder on a 41-qubit superconducting quantum processor.

Asparagales is the largest monocot order. Here, the authors produce the phylogeny of Asparagales with transcriptomic data from 455 species and investigate the evolution of genes involved with allium flavor biosynthesis.

Asymmetric catalysis plays a crucial role in the synthesis of optically active organic molecules, but its application to stereogenic-at-metal complexes is more challenging. Here, the authors report the asymmetric synthesis of stereogenic-at-iridium complexes through kinetic resolution via a Pd-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.

A gene-edited pig liver transplanted into a human recipient remains functional after 10 days and indicates that porcine organs could help meet the growing demand for liver transplants.

Low-cost Fe-based Prussian blue analogues often suffer from capacity fading, impeding commercialization for practical sodium-ion batteries. Here, authors study the origins of Prussian blue analogues cathode degradation and applied regulation of coordination environment and crystal nucleation growth in cylindrical cells.

The molecular mechanisms underlying the function of different cellular states in glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) remain poorly understood. Here, the authors perform integrated single cell and bulk analysis of GSCs and identify potential therapeutic targets.

It is challenging for wearable obstacle avoidance devices to high reliability, rapid response, long-lasting duration, and comfort. Here, the authors report a wearable obstacle avoidance device, comprising a set of self-developed glasses and a common smartphone.

The mechanism of gut microbiome and blood metabolites regulate the TME in multiple myeloma (MM) remain unclear. Here the authors show Lachnospiraceae can suppress MM cell phosphatidylcholine (PC) production, with the latter inhibiting CD8 T cell function via TP53 UFMylation elicited by exosomal SerpinB9 from multiple myeloma.

The unique structure and mechanism of chanoclavine synthase (EasC), a haem catalase that uses superoxide for substrate transformation in ergot alkaloid biosynthesis, are revealed in this study, challenging established catalase mechanisms.

Polysubstituted arenes are ubiquitous structural cores in natural products and drugs but their synthesis through programmable arene modification remains a challenge. Now, a palladium- and norbornene-catalysed Catellani-type reaction of aryl ketones, through successive acylation and deacylation, allows the synthesis of polysubstituted arenes.

A scenario analysis explores how China, the largest global aquaculture producer, can boost food production, reduce eutrophication and lower carbon dioxide emissions by adjusting growth rates and supporting structural transformations of different aquaculture production systems.

An extreme Einstein ring ~10,000 times as bright as the Milky Way in the infrared is studied with VLT/ERIS and ALMA, and the authors find that the lensed galaxy is a starburst with a fast-rotating disk, rather than being driven by a major merger.

Analyses of genome and exome sequencing data identify rare coding and structural variants associated with atrial fibrillation and highlight genetic links between atrial fibrillation and cardiomyopathies.

Ovarian and endometrial cancers with CCNE1-amplification are often resistant to standard treatment. Here, the authors identify that CCNE1-amplified gynecological cancer is sensitive to combined PKMYT1 and ATR inhibition via CDK1 activation, resulting in premature mitosis, DNA damage, cell apoptosis and reduced tumour growth and metastasis.

Cerebellar ataxia, a hallmark of cerebellar degeneration (CBND), is driven by mitochondrial dysfunction in Purkinje cells. In this study, transplanting mitochondria into CBND mice improve mitochondrial function, reduce mitophagy, and reduce ataxia.

Spotiphy (spot imager with pseudo-single-cell-resolution histology) is a computational toolkit that transforms sequencing-based spatially resolved transcriptomics data into whole-transcriptome images with single-cell resolution.

The impact of diet on gut microbiota and metabolites in context of cancer immunotherapy remains elusive. Here the authors reveal ginger-derived exosome-like nanoparticle (GELN) aly-miR159a-3p enhances anti-PD-L1 therapy by increasing microbiota-dependent docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) level thus limiting tumor cell PD-L1 expression.

Here, the authors report a Trident strategy-enhanced generative model able to produce a large volume of high-quality simulated atomic microscopy images, which can be used to automatically resolve the interlayer sliding and twist angle of few-layered van der Waals materials with improved robustness to defects and image quality.

Cerebrospinal fluid circulating tumor DNA profiling had prognostic value in a cohort of 584 patients with lung cancer and central nervous system metastases, and could be used to inform personalized therapies.

Analyses of pretransplant omics data from different cohorts of African American recipients found that genetic polymorphisms at the LILRB3 gene are associated with kidney graft loss.

Designing superelastic materials with high critical stress, large recovery strain and temperature-independent modulus is desired but challenging. Here, the authors achieve these properties in a high-entropy alloy with multi-scale heterogeneities.

Genetic variants can affect protein function and promote tumour progression by driving aberrant subcellular localization. Here, the authors characterise potential shuttling-attacking mutations (SAMs) across cancers using a deep learning model and experimental validation, and find how SAMs disrupt critical signalling interactions involved in cancer progression.

UDA-seq incorporates a post-indexing step to enhance the throughput of droplet-based single-cell multimodal sequencing, enabling efficient large-scale single-cell analysis.

Disturbed lipid metabolism is a feature of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Here the authors report that ceramide synthase 6 (CerS6) in podocytes contributes to the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in male mice by inducing mitochondrial DNA leakage, activating the cGAS-STING pathway and promoting inflammation.