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Devices for electrochemical CO₂ reduction can suffer from salt precipitation that blocks gas flow, leading to instability. Hao et al. explore possible salt formation mechanisms and provide a means to mitigate it via application of hydrophobic surface coatings.

In this work, the authors report that Histidine residues play a critical role in modulating amyloid-like assembly and building active sites for Fmoc–F–F and Aβ aggregates. Aβ1-42 filaments were found to perform peroxidase-like activity to enhance oxidative stress, which might also be ascribed to the interaction mode of His and F-F.

AlphaFold2 has revolutionized bioinformatics, but its ability to predict protein structures with high accuracy comes at the price of a costly database search for multiple sequence alignments. Fang and colleagues pre-train a large-scale protein language model and use it in conjunction with AlphaFold2 as a fully trainable and efficient model for structure prediction.

This study conducted a comprehensive scRNA-seq of ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC), identifying a malignant epithelial subcluster and 173 associated factors. Analysis highlighted crucial roles of STAT3, KLF5, and TRIM28, as a valuable resource for understanding OCCC.

Breviscapine is the flavonoid extract from medical plant Erigeron breviscapus for the treatment of cardio- and cerebrovascular disease. Here, the authors identify the key enzymes of the biosynthetic pathway from the plant genome and engineer yeast to produce breviscapine from glucose.

The immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment in Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a cause of low efficacy of immunotherapies in these tumours. In this study, the authors delineate a FLI1-mediated Kyn metabolic mechanism as an immune evasion mechanism in NPC and they show that pharmacological inhibition of FLI1 improves both spontaneous and checkpoint therapy-induced immune responses.

A CRISPR–Cas9 screen in a tumour mouse model identifies CD300ld as a tumour receptor on polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells and in vivo experiments indicate that it is a promising target for cancer immunotherapy.

The molecular mechanism underlying the DNA hypermethylation phenotype observed in the SPOP-mutant prostate cancers is unclear. Here, the authors show that mutant SPOP induces global aberrant DNA methylation patterns through GLP/G9a and renders prostate cancer cells susceptible to DNA demethylating agents.

The dual-cations electrochemical system was considered to be a promising strategy to facilitate sluggish diffusion kinetics. Here the authors prepare zinc-based alloy anode with three-dimensional interface, thus to improve the interfacial stability, achieve high-performing battery system in the aqueous electrolytes containing dual cations.

A plasmonic-based electrochemical current imaging technique can be used to study the electrocatalytic properties of individual platinum nanoparticles.

The impact of positive environment stimulations (eustress) on cancer biology remains poorly understood. Here the authors show that exposure to an environment enrichment stimulates anti-tumor immunity and reduces tumor growth in preclinical models of liver cancer.

Piezoresistors can be used in strain sensors for soft machines, but the traditional design process relies on intuition and human ingenuity alone. Haitao Yang and colleagues present a method built on genetic algorithms and other machine learning methods to design and fabricate strain sensors with improved capabilities.

Enveloped viruses encased within a lipid bilayer membrane are highly contagious and cause diseases like influenza and COVID-19, so strategies for their prevention and inactivation are needed. Here, the authors develop a diatomic iron nanozyme with lipoxidase-like activity for the inactivation of enveloped viruses, where the diatomic iron sites destroy the viral envelope via lipid peroxidation.

Oil reservoirs host diverse microbial communities affecting energy production and carbon emissions. Here, the authors use metagenomics data to construct and characterize a catalogue of viral and prokaryotic genomes from 182 oil reservoirs world-wide, and further validate an ecological role of viruses in regulating the community structure of sulfate reducing microorganisms.

The development of n-type organic semiconductors (OSCs) has been held back due to stability issues. Here the authors report that vitamin C improves both the performance and stability of n-type OSCs and devices.

Genome-wide siRNA screens identify an essential function for sorting nexin 5 in virus-induced autophagy and immunity mediated via class III phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase complex 1.

The mechanism by which the chromatinized HBV genome is transcribed remains poorly understood. In this study, Liu et al. demonstrate how HBx exploits Spindlin1, a histone methylation reader, to overcome heterochromatin barriers and enhance HBV transcription from the cccDNA minichromosome.

Genetically encoded calcium indicators are commonly used to study cellular activity, but their usefulness is limited by their response kinetics. Here the authors generate indicators with faster responses to calcium events in both Drosophila melanogasterand mammalian neurons.

Greenhouse gas emissions due to food loss and waste in supply chain and waste management systems accounted for about half of the global annual greenhouse gas emissions from food systems in 2017. The outcomes of emission intervention strategies depend on temporal, regional and socio-economic conditions.

‘Light-based bioprinting is employed in the fabrication of complex constructs but achieving high resolution remains challenging due to light scattering effects. Here, the authors develop a photoinhibiting additive which suppresses light scattering and demonstrate printing of functional scaffolds

Notch signaling is critical for HSC emergence. Here, the authors identify a sub-set of hemogenic endothelial cells with high Notch activity that it is gradually shut down through cis inhibition of NOTCH1 by JAG1, and report that this process sustains HSC.

The molecular heterogeneity of KMT2A-rearranged infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remains poorly characterised. Here, the authors perform multi-omics analysis for 84 ALL patients and suggest 5 distinct subgroups for risk stratification and personalised treatment.’

Prostate cancers often become castration resistant due to alternative expression of androgen receptor (AR) splice variants. Here, the authors screened a library of natural compounds and identified Ailanthone as a potent inhibitor of AR through its binding to the co-chaperone protein p23 that, by preventing AR interaction with HSP90, results in ubiquitin/proteasome-mediated degradation of the receptor.

Here the authors identify retinoblastoma (RB) protein as an intrinsic inhibitor of BRD4 and demonstrate that loss of RB induces BRD4 cistrome changes in the genome and enrichment of GPCR-cAMP signaling pathway, conferring resistance to small molecule BET inhibitor.

A large light-receiving angle in planar solar cells is crucial for flexible installation of distributed photovoltaics. Here, authors report sequential-processed all-polymer solar cells with nano-sized phase separation integrated in micro-sized surface topology and maximum efficiency of over 19%.

Plasma can act as strong nonlinear refractive index medium that can be exploited to downshift the frequency of a laser pulse. Here, the authors show the generation of single-cycle tunable infrared pulses using strong density gradients associated with laser-produced wakes in plasmas.

The morphology of donor–acceptor blends in organic photovoltaics dictates the efficiency of the exciton dissociation and charge diffusion, and thus the final device performance. Here, the authors show that filament assembly helps to maximize the output, further enabling a power conversion efficiency greater than 19%.

Mitchell et al. identify reduced osteoprogenitors and increased mesenchymal stromal cells in old bone marrow niche, which creates an IL1-mediated inflammatory milieu that skews myeloid differentiation and impairs haematopoietic regeneration.

Graphene holds great potential for use in photodetectors, owing to its ability to absorb light over a wide range of wavelengths. Here Zhang et al. report a large photoresponsivity of 8.6 AW-1 over a broad wavelength range in pure monolayer graphene.

Valleytronic materials allow for band structure minima to be exploited in electronic transport devices in addition to charge and spin. Here, the authors demonstrate selective control of spin–valley-coupled photocurrents via circularly polarized light in molybdenum disulphide grown by chemical vapour deposition.

Robust social attraction in fruit flies relies on two prominent senses, vision and olfaction, which converge to central brain neurons. The neurons of the γ lobe of the mushroom bodies integrate sensory information and modulate social affinity.

Metal anode instability due to several intrinsic factors limits their widespread use in energy storage. Here, the authors report a 3D alloy anode via a universal alloy electrodeposition approach to overcome the anode instability issues and demonstrate a seawater-based aqueous battery.

Mice bearing mutations in Flt3-ITD and Npm1c, which are commonly found in acute myeloid leukemia, are used to characterize the cooperative effects of these cancer drivers on the cellular epigenome and three-dimensional genome conformation during tumor development.

Coupling graphene with narrow band-gap Ti₂O₃ nanoparticles can enable efficient mid-infrared photodetection. Here, the authors report a graphene-Ti₂O₃ based hybrid photodetector with high responsivity of ~300 A W^-1 up to 10 μm by varying the number of graphene layers and size of Ti₂O₃ nanoparticles.

A scheme for generating intense single-cycle pulses in the 5–14 μm wavelength range is proposed. The generation mechanism is described by photon frequency downshifting of an off-the-shelf Ti:sapphire laser in a tailored plasma density structure.