Search

Systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease study reported that, despite global improvements from 1990 to 2021, dietary iron deficiency-associated disease burden remains high in women, children and residents in low socio-demographic index countries.

Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) is a significant cause of severe community-acquired infection, primarily in Asia. Here, the authors characterise the genetic profile, phylogenetic structure, and plasmid features of hvKp in Vietnam.

Geospatial estimates of the prevalence of anemia in women of reproductive age across 82 low-income and middle-income countries reveals considerable heterogeneity and inequality at national and subnational levels, with few countries on track to meet the WHO Global Nutrition Targets by 2030.

The authors demonstrate integration of a single-slit diffraction method into linear-array transducers for advancing 3D photoacoustic and ultrasound imaging in biological tissues. The method enhances spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio while maintaining low-cost and practicality.

Staphylococcus epidermidis induces a potent, durable and specific antibody response that is conserved in humans and non-human primates, and which could be redirected against pathogens as a new form of topical vaccination.

Multi-strain pathogens, such as influenza, present challenges for interpretation of seroprevalence data as estimates may vary by strain. Here, the authors develop a method for estimating age-specific seroprevalence based on principal components analysis and apply it to influenza data from Vietnam.

The authors demonstrate a biosensing platform based on whispering gallery mode microtoroid resonators, which enables sensing at zeptomolar concentrations and real-time monitoring of molecular binding events

Designing reliable and sensitive mechanical sensing technologies based on piezoresistive effect remains a challenge. Here, the authors propose an opto-electro-mechanical coupling strategy to enable giant piezoresistive effect in a highly doped 3C-SiC/Si heterojunction achieving a high GF of 58,000.

Recent prior influenza A infection is associated with elevated hemagglutinin-inhibiting antibody responses and greater breadth of reactivity to influenza strains following vaccination, suggesting that infection history boosts vaccine responses.

The authors in this work introduce RosettaVS, an AI-accelerated open-source drug discovery platform. They apply this tool to multi-billion compound libraries, where it was able to identify compounds that bind important targets KLHDC2 and Na_V1.7.

Computational methods are becoming an increasingly important part of biological research. Using the Rosetta framework as an example, the authors demonstrate how community-driven development of computational methods can be done in a reproducible and reliable fashion.

The survival of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells strongly depends on the presence of a supportive microenvironment. Here, the authors show that LYN kinase is essential for the reprogramming of stromal cells towards a leukemia-supportive phenotype that facilitates disease progression.

In order to design cancer immune therapies, it is important to understand how tumours evade the immune response that is mounted against them. Authors here analyse the distribution and properties of immune cells in hepatocellular carcinoma and describe a progressive tumour-immune co-evolution programme from early to late stage cancer.

Bhattacharjee and Schaeffer et al. map exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in 94 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), finding increased EBF practice and reduced subnational variation across the majority of LMICs from 2000 to 2018. However, only six LMICs will meet WHO’s target of ≥70% EBF by 2030 nationally, and only three will achieve this in all districts.

Mitsuokella jalaludinii and Anaerostipes rhamnosivorans degrade dietary phytate via synergistic interactions in the gut to produce the beneficial short-chain fatty acid propionate.

Loss of Piezo1 in smooth muscle cells leads to weight loss, delayed transit, muscularis thinning, altered cellular profiles and expression of ion channels critical for motility, while also resulting in dysrhythmic calcium signalling in vitro.

HGSNAT is a critical lysosomal membrane enzyme involved in the devastating lysosomal storage disease Sanfilippo syndrome. Here, Zhao et. al. reveal the mechanism for transmembrane acetylation catalyzed by HGSNAT with a series of cryo-EM structures.

Chemical modification of porous materials is important for realising advanced applications, but often has a negative impact on other properties. Here, the authors report a method for the modification of polymers of intrinsic porosity to introduce a range of functional groups.

Intratumoural heterogeneity is a feature of liver cancer. Here, the authors demonstrate that heterogeneity exists at the immune cell level in liver cancer and show that tumours with high intratumoural immune heterogeneity demonstrated an immune suppressive microenvironment, which was associated with tumour evolution and a poor prognosis.

So far only signatures of excitonic insulators have been reported, but here direct thermodynamic evidence is provided for a strongly correlated excitonic insulating state in transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductor double layers.

Thioindigos are reversible photoswitches with spatial control over the conformational change, yet have very limited solubility in most solvents. Here, the authors report a method for the insertion of thioindigos into polymer chains, allowing the formation of visible light responsive hydrogels.

A screening approach finds VH-domain antibodies that bind the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein receptor-binding domain at its interface with host ACE2. Bi-paratopic and multivalent binders have high affinity and potency.

In this disease mapping study, the authors estimate disability-adjusted life year rates for three of the major causes of mortality for children under five 43 countries in sub-Saharan Africa. They identify significant heterogeneity at the subnational level, highlighting the need for a targeted intervention approach.

Replacing the extracellular domains of heterodimeric cytokine receptors in chimeric antigen receptor T cells with two leucine zipper motifs leads to optimal JAK/STAT signalling and augments the effector function of the T cells.

A series of enzymes that catalyse the formation of strained peptide cyclophanes through a stereospecific C(sp²)–C(sp³) bond have been identified. Crosslinking occurs on three-residue motifs that include tryptophan or phenylalanine to form indole- or phenyl-bridged cyclophanes. These enzymes are widely distributed in nature and represent promising tools for peptide biotechnology.