Search

Induction of hypothermia during hibernation/torpor enables certain mammals to survive under extreme conditions. Here, the authors show that the natural product P57 induces hypothermia by targeting pyridoxal kinase and has a potential application in therapeutic hypothermia.

Lampreys are jawless vertebrates that can offer unique insights into vertebrate evolution. Here they generate a comprehensive cell atlas of the lamprey, uncovering 70 distinct cell types across 14 tissues, and identify pancreas-like cells in the lamprey small intestine.

Insights into how the linker histone H1 promotes chromatin alterations and allows repair of DNA damage are described.

Long-range interactions in many-body quantum systems may induce dissipation channels described by non-Hermitian dynamics. Here, the authors report the observation of higher-order exceptional points, a hallmark of non-Hermitian physics, in a Rydberg atom gas. This enables design of quantum dynamics around these points, providing insight into phase transitions.

The authors reveal nearly two-order magnitude of decoupling of the mean free path of the dominant electrons to that of phonons in Bi-Sb alloy, achieving an atomically homogeneous, coarse-grained sample through ultrafast quenching, enabling thermoelectric cooling down to the liquid nitrogen regime.

Worldwide, the number of only-child families is increasing. This research examines how growing up without siblings affects adult brain structure, function and connectivity, cognition, personality and mental health.

This study discovers primitive mantle olivines in the Chang’e-6 lunar soils from the Moon’s far side, shedding new light on the Moon’s origin and evolutionary processes.

The piezoelectricity of ferroelectric oxide films is limited by substrate clamping, and their rigidity hinders their applications in flexible electronics. Herein, authors report freestanding PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 nanoscale membranes with both high piezoelectricity and high flexibility.

The search for lunar polycyclic aromatics is challenging. Here abundance, aromatic structures and carbon isotope composition of polycyclic aromatics in Chang’E 5 lunar soils are reported, shedding light on the fate of polycyclic aromatics and accretion of organic carbon on the Moon.

ABA signaling is found to modulate global mRNA translation efficiency. GRP7 associates with ribosomes and directly binds to its target mRNAs. ABA suppresses GRP7&8 protein levels via its core signaling components and decreases global mRNA translation efficiency.

Allenes are versatile substrates in synthetic chemistry. Now an iron catalyst enables unusual regioselectivity by mediating an electrophilicity reversal of allenes for stereoselective alkenylzincation reactions affording 1,4-diene zinc products.

Urothelial bladder cancer (UC) progression occurs as a multi-step process that leads to different kinds of lesions and subtypes. Here, the authors characterise benign and invasive lesions that occur during UC progression using proteogenomics in patient samples and show critical molecular pathways and prognostic associations.

Sexual dimorphism is a feature of many cancers, but how this functions is often unclear. Here the authors show that in bladder cancer it is regulated by a microbiota–lurasidone–LCN2 circuit that controls the accumulation of a subpopulation of senescence-like neutrophils.

Here the authors use mRNA display to discover peptide inhibitors of BamA, an essential factor that catalyzes the membrane insertion of bacterial outer membrane proteins. They show that three peptides are antibacterial and inhibit BamA activity by a unique mechanism.

Crystalline dispersoids are commonly used to strengthen metals by obstructing dislocation movement, but this often comes at the cost of ductility. Here, the authors demonstrate that amorphous nanoparticles, introduced via additive manufacturing, enhance both the tensile strength and fatigue resistance of metallic materials.

Understanding the genetic factors that regulate panicle architecture is important for improving rice yields. In this study, Li et al. demonstrate that the gene PTB1is critical for regulating panicle seed setting rate and pollen tube growth.

The cobalt-catalyzed intermolecular reductive coupling of alkenes and alkynes is attractive due to the unique reactivity and cost-effectiveness of cobalt catalysts. Here, the authors report an asymmetric desymmetric reductive coupling of electronically unbiased succinimide-containing cyclobutenes with internal alkynes via photoredox and cobalt dual catalysis.

Glycosylated asparagine residues that mediate the function of the B7H3 protein are unclear. Here the authors identify the important N-glycosylation sites for B7H3 cell surface localization and T cell inhibition, followed by the development of N91/309 and N104/322 preferentially targeting monoclonal antibody manifesting enhanced antitumor immunity.

The kagome lattice is known to host a rich array of correlated phenomena, but thus far the number of examples of truly two dimensional kagome systems are limited. Here, Pan, Xiong, Dai, Zhang, and coauthors present a two-dimensional Mo-Te compound with a kagome superlattice structure, and multiple kagome bands driven correlated states.

Understanding the development of subsolid nodules (SSNs) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is important for their clinical management. Here, the authors perform proteogenomic analysis of 66 LUAD displayed as SSNs from 3 histological stages and highlight the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in progression.

Membranization of membraneless coacervates and condensates offers a solution to their inherent instability, but current strategies are system specific. Now, it has been shown that condensate-amphiphilic block polymers provide robust and versatile membranization for a wide range of coacervates and condensates, substantially enhancing their mechanical stability and tolerance to extreme conditions.

Driving comfort in autonomous vehicles is crucial but often overlooked in global path planning. Here, authors developed a model using multi-head attention and XGBoost to predict driving comfort from road information, reducing jerk by 15% and improving comfort scores by 13% in real vehicle tests.

A mechanism is uncovered that results in fetal hepatocytes having a paracrine role in providing genome protection to haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells.

Propane dehydrogenation is challenging to perform under mild conditions due to the reaction’s endothermic nature. Now, near-ambient propane dehydrogenation has been shown using copper single-atom catalysts supported on titanium oxide under light illumination and a water vapour environment.

Risk factors modification is crucial for diabetes care. Here, the authors show the relationships of combined modifiable risk factors with common complications of type 2 diabetes and provide further insights into the mediating role of plasma proteomics.

The α6β4 receptor has been considered an appealing therapeutic target for pain. Here, the authors determined the structures of α6β4 bound with its agonists, nicotine and tebanicline, providing molecular insights into its function.

Determining the causal variants at GWAS loci is crucial for understanding genetic disease mechanisms. Here, the authors apply MPRA to perform non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) variant-to-function mapping at scale and propose distinct genetic architectures underlying NSCLC susceptibility.

A RISC-V microprocessor capable of executing standard 32-bit instructions has been designed with 5,900 MoS₂ transistors and a complete standard cell library based on 2D semiconductor technology.

Ji et al. identify an idiopathic generalised epilepsy network that links heterogeneously distributed brain abnormalities to a common brain network and deep brain stimulation sites which reduce generalised seizures.

Here, the authors establish an EV-A71 infected skin organoid model to study the virus infection pathogenesis and drug screening. The authors identify an autophagy-associated protein as drug target of EV-A71 and discover an EV-A71 replication inhibitor.

Socioeconomic status is multidimensional and can change over time. Xu, Lui, Ji et al. found dimension-specific, late-stage-specific and change-specific socioeconomic effects on brain, cognition, personality and emotion.

Cross-ancestry and sex-stratified genome-wide association analyses for 21 amygdala volumetric traits in East Asian and European individuals provide insight into the genetic architectures of amygdala and subnucleus volumes.

Deterministic generation of a continuous-variable eight-mode entanglement on an integrated optical chip is reported.

Achieving sustainability in wireless communications is crucial yet poses significant challenges. To address this, the authors propose and demonstrate a solar-powered programmable metasurface enabling hybrid light-to-microwave wireless communications.

Cerebrospinal fluid circulating tumor DNA profiling had prognostic value in a cohort of 584 patients with lung cancer and central nervous system metastases, and could be used to inform personalized therapies.

This study shows that smoking worsens neovascular age-related macular degeneration via the Sema4D-PlexinB1 pathway. Targeting Sema4D reduces choroidal neovascularization and enhances anti-VEGF therapy efficacy, offering a potential therapeutic approach.

Cobalt, iron or manganese catalysts are the metals of choice in alkene functionalization reactions via catalytic metal hydride hydrogen atom transfer (MHAT). Now a complementary MHAT-like system based on copper is proposed to operate in a regioselective Markovnikov addition reaction of nucleophiles to olefins.

The ectoenzyme CD73 is often elevated in tumour environments and targeting this protein is a tumour therapeutic target. Here the authors characterise a therapeutic anti-CD73 antibody cocktail which is more effective than either antibody alone and suggest a molecular mechanism of how this antibody cocktail functions.

Analyses of genome and exome sequencing data identify rare coding and structural variants associated with atrial fibrillation and highlight genetic links between atrial fibrillation and cardiomyopathies.

Kim and colleagues perform a phase 2 clinical trial (ELM-2) of odronextamab monotherapy in patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma and report on the primary analyses of the efficacy and safety profile.

Effectiveness of the hepatitis E vaccine HEV 239 amongst high-risk groups isn’t well studied. Here, Zhuang et al. analyse a decade of surveillance data (2007–2017) from Dongtai, China, and estimate HEV 239 effectiveness of 72% amongst hepatitis B virus infected people.

There is a critical gap in understanding the full spectrum of health effects associated with NO_x exposure. Here, the authors find using UK Biobank data that mortality from all-cause, non-accidental and other 20 specific diseases was significantly associated with NO_x.

Controlling zinc nucleation and subsequent crystal growth are critical for long lifespan aqueous zinc metal batteries. Here, the authors track ordered zinc electrodeposition from single-crystal units to polycrystalline stacking under solid-electrolyte interphase.

T cell activation upon TCR signaling can lead to development of effector and memory cells. Roychoudhuri and colleagues show that the transcription factor BACH2 promotes memory CD8⁺ T cell generation by blocking access to genomic regulatory sites recognized by AP-1.

Here a strategy is proposed to increase the temperature stability of polymer dielectrics by using mechanical bonding from cyclic polyethers to damp the local vibrations of polymer chains, thus inhibiting high-temperature charge transport and enabling a discharged energy density of 4.1 J cm⁻³ with 90% efficiency at 250 °C.