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CrSBr is an air-stable van der Waals semiconducting layered antiferromagnet, holding the promise for a variety of spintronic applications. However, like all antiferromagnets, readout and control of the magnetic structures are challenging. Here, using a graphene gate on trilayer CrSBr, Hong, Sun, and coauthors succeed in full discrimination of otherwise degenerate magnetic states and electrical control of magnetic transitions.

Conventional design of perovskite heterojunctions face challenges in precisely controlling interfacial phase purity at nanoscale. Here, the authors introduce dimethyl sulfide as a soft Lewis base additive in organic cation solution, achieving certified efficiency of 26.48% in stable solar cells.

Perovskite solar cells with carbon electrodes offer advantages in terms of stability and manufacturing cost, but their performance remains limited. Now Wang et al. report an efficiency of 23.6% by doping the hole transport layer with graphene oxide.

Here the authors provide an explanation for 95% of examined predicted loss of function variants found in disease-associated haploinsufficient genes in the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD), underscoring the power of the presented analysis to minimize false assignments of disease risk.

Diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of blindness, yet ways to predict who will be affected remain limited. Here, the authors show that patterns of blood proteins can reveal disease mechanisms and enable powerful early prediction across diverse populations.

Zeolite with silver-tuned gating achieves counterintuitive size-inverse sieving, delivering record xenon/krypton separation and a scalable, energy-efficient path for challenging gas separations.

China’s dramatic demographic shift toward population aging raises challenges at the individual, familial and societal levels. Fang et al. review these challenges and emerging policies designed to promote healthy longevity in China.

Developing porous crystalline materials with tailored properties is challenging because of the vast design space and the high cost of screening. Now, highly fluorescent covalent organic frameworks have been identified through an AI-assisted iterative experiment–learning cycle workflow that integrates electronic configuration and quantum-level insights into the learning process.

Human decision confidence displays a number of biases and has been shown to dissociate from decision accuracy. Here, by using neural network and Bayesian models, the authors show that these effects can be explained by the statistics of sensory inputs.

Zero-field mobility has been an unreliable indicator to predict thick-film organic solar cell performance. Here, authors reveal that critical length is a decisive factor governing thick-film device performance and achieve maximum efficiency of 19.0% in 300-nm thick-film D18:L8-BO:BTP-eC9 devices.

Binding of particles to molecular or macroscopic objects generates a universal entropic pulling force. Simulations and experiments on vibrating bead-chains and DNA with multivalent ions confirm this entropic pulling effect, with implications for cellular disassembly processes and molecular machine design.

In a large multinational cohort study, maternal, gestational or pregestational diabetes was associated with only a small-to-moderate risk of ADHD in offspring, contrary to previous estimates that showed stronger effect sizes, attributing the differences in findings to confounding by shared genetic and familial factors.

A rare variation in the promoter of qRBG1/OsBZR5 is associated with larger rice grains. OsBZR5 is found to negatively regulate grain size in rice, a biological role opposite to other OsBZR members. A regulatory module of OsGSK2–qRBG1–OsBZR1–D2–OFP1 is further revealed.

This study identifies four distinct polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) subtypes using unsupervised clustering analysis on data from 11,908 women and validated across five diverse cohorts. The subtypes show unique clinical features and suggest that subtype-specific management could enhance treatment precision for PCOS.

Common sleep problems are linked to various health conditions, but are often underdiagnosed. This study presents a deep learning model trained on 15,785 nights of respiratory data for contactless sleep monitoring. Leveraging this model, the remote management platform enables real-time in-home sleep assessment, advancing sleep health equity.

Detection of somatic mobile element insertions (MEIs), particularly those with low mosaicism, remains a significant challenge. This study presents RetroNet, a deep learning method that transforms sequencing reads into images to detect somatic MEIs, enabling accurate discovery of rare insertions with very low read support.

Analyses of Chang’e-6 samples from the lunar farside reveal high water contents and low δD values, with comparisons to other lunar samples suggesting that solar-wind-implanted surface water varies with latitude and regolith maturity.

Microglia influence amyloid-β effects on astrocyte reactivity in the living brain of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease. This phenomenon further contributes to cognitive impairment via tau phosphorylation and aggregation.

Using supramolecular chemistry principles, thermodynamically metastable, yet kinetically stable, poly(disulfide)s with tunable mechanical properties can be recycled into crystalline monomers with quantitative yields and monomer purity >90%.

Limited therapeutic options are available for pulmonary fibrosis because its molecular pathogenesis remains unclear. Here, the authors show that the CCL20– integrin α5β1–TGF β signaling cascade could be a potential therapeutic target for pulmonary fibrosis.

Cross-linkable co-SAMs improve hole-selective SAM stability, preventing defects and thermal degredation in perovskite solar cells, enabling 26.92% efficiency with high heat durability, and guiding the design of more efficient and durable solar cells.

The authors present the adaptive optics system MD-FSS, which allows high-resolution brain imaging in awake mice with rapid aberrations correction against motion. It reveals differences in brain function between awake and anesthetized states, improving our understanding of neurovascular dynamics.

The authors demonstrate a two-dimensional ferroelectric heterojunction transistor that exploits polarity-dependent transitions between ferroelectricity and charge trapping, enabling both memory and synaptic functions, and enhancing AI training efficiency.

Lancelot, a compute-efficient federated learning framework using homomorphic encryption to prevent information leakage, is presented, achieving 20 times faster processing speeds through advanced cryptographic and encrypted sorting techniques.

This study shows that future exposures to moist-heat increase more rapidly than those to dry-heat, and irrigation can further amplify moist-heat-related health risks. Improving irrigation efficiency and cutting emissions are key to reducing water stress and climate impacts.

Generalizable Pathology Foundation Model (GPFM) consolidates expertise from a variety of existing models for use in a broad spectrum of computational pathology tasks.

A ductile inorganic-rich solid–electrolyte interphase that retains its structural integrity and allows easy ion diffusion enables a long cycle life under practical conditions for lithium metal batteries.

Proteins interact with both the exterior and interior of microtubules. Here the relationship between microtubule building blocks and the accessibility of the microtubule interior to proteins is clarified.

This study provides a single-cell and spatial atlas of the prometastatic tumor microenvironment in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and characterizes the immunosuppressive function of GPR116⁺ pericytes in cancer metastasis and immune evasion.

The hunt for a quantum spin liquid has involved many different material families and models. Now, Zn-barlowite has been found to have similar behaviour to another candidate material, herbertsmithite, hinting there may be universal physical behaviour.

In this target trial emulation study, the authors evaluate effectiveness of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in non-hospitalized paediatric patients aged 12–17 years with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection and show reduced risks of 28 day all-cause mortality or hospitalization associated with the treatment.

Dihydrouridine (D) is an abundant RNA modification but its functions are currently unclear. Here, authors develop CRACI, a sensitive method for transcriptome-wide, single-base D mapping, identifying sites across mammalian and plant transcriptomes and identifying DUS2L as a mitochondrial D writer.

The authors demonstrate that incorporating plasticizers into polyvinyl chloride enables rectifier-less triboelectric nanogenerators with stable direct current output in contact-separation, sliding, and rotary motions, with electrode polarization playing a crucial role in the process.

Molecular engineering has increased the power conversion efficiency of inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs), surpassing that of regular PSCs. Here, the symmetric molecule (2-(pyren-2-yl)ethyl)phosphonic acid (pPy) enables long-range-ordered π–π stacking, enhancing charge transport. pPy films show face-on orientation and uniform distribution, yielding PSCs with power conversion efficiencies of 26.6%.