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High ambient temperatures are associated with reduced sleep duration and quality, and increased obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Here the authors quantify the effect of 24 h ambient temperature on nightly OSA severity and report projected in losses of healthy life years and workplace productivity due to OSA in scenarios of projected temperatures ≥1.8° C above pre-industrial levels by 2100.

Montreal Protocol helped to curb climate change and so did world wars and the Great Depression.

Using data on oxygen variability taken from 32 representative reef sites, the authors show that hypoxia is already common. Under future scenarios of ocean warming and deoxygenation, the duration, intensity and severity of hypoxia will increase, with nearly one-third of reefs experiencing severe hypoxia.

Study suggests effects of climate change will slow air circulation around the world.

Degree-by-degree breakdown of climate effects published.

A transition from carbon sink to source for the aboveground woody biomass of moist tropical Australian forests has occurred, driven by increasingly extreme climate anomalies.

Oxidative catalytic depolymerization of polystyrene (PS) can produce benzoic acid, but the annual consumption of benzoic acid is ~40 times lower than PS, so benzoic acid should be converted to higher-volume chemicals for the process to be viable. Here, the authors report a hybrid chemical and biological process that uses PS as feedstock for production of adipic acid, a high-volume co-monomer for nylon 6,6, via benzoic acid.

The 100-year Global Warming Potential of hydrogen falls in the range 11.6 ± 2.8, according to chemistry-model estimates, through its chemical impact on methane, ozone and stratospheric water vapor. It is therefore important to avoid leakages in a hydrogen economy, to help mitigate climate change.

Recently revisited as a quick fix for global warming, 'geoengineering' could rapidly cool the climate but might also play havoc with the planet. Hannah Hoag reports.

Cysteine supply is crucial for ABA biosynthesis in plants. Here, the authors report that chloroplast cysteine synthase complex regulates stomatal closure by integrating different stress signals via dynamically supplying cysteine for ABA biosynthesis.

Khawaja et al. show sex-specific differences in neuronal-activity regulation by chaperone-mediated autophagy and that loss of chaperone-mediated autophagy leads to defective neuronal physiology and increased seizure susceptibility, linking chaperone-mediated autophagy to neuronal excitability.

In recent years, rivers and slush fields have often developed on top of near-impermeable ice slabs in the accumulation zone of the Greenland Ice Sheet. Measurements of superimposed ice formation and melting reveal that ice slabs are both hotspots of refreezing and emerging zones of runoff.

The rapid decline of sea ice could accelerate inland warming over the Arctic region, radically transforming the landscape. Hannah Hoag reports.

The Earth may become inhospitable to land mammals in about 250 Myr owing to climate warming and drying associated with the assembly of the next supercontinent, Pangaea-Ultima, according to combined tectonic, climate and mammal habitability modelling.

Particle accelerators are large-scale, complex projects, and they have some unique challenges when it comes to environmental sustainability. A group of particle accelerator researchers and environmental sustainability experts shares how community-specific guidance can help address these needs.

Growth of the electronics industry will boost emissions of a 'hidden' — but extremely potent — greenhouse gas. Hannah Hoag reports.

Extreme weather events may raise public awareness of climate change. This comparative-case analysis shows that single events had limited impact on climate change discussion, but this was more common in Democratic communities and for weather events with a more certain attribution to climate change.

A systematic review shows that >58% of infectious diseases confronted by humanity, via 1,006 unique pathways, have at some point been affected by climatic hazards sensitive to GHGs. These results highlight the mounting challenge for adaption and the urgent need to reduce GHG emissions.

Antarctic ice cap discovered to be home to huge (6% of the currently mapped area identified as terrestrial photosynthetic life in Antarctica) and unique photosynthetic microbe community but their darker colour on the surface is likely to make the snow and ice melt faster.

Sarcomas are a group of mesenchymal malignancies which are molecularly heterogeneous. Here, the authors develop an in vivo muscle electroporation system for gene delivery to generate distinct subtypes of orthotopic genetically engineered mouse models of sarcoma, as well as syngeneic allograft models with scalability for preclinical assessment of therapeutics.

The magnitude of greenhouse gas emissions from land use change on tropical peatlands is unclear. Here, the authors measure greenhouse gas fluxes throughout the conversion from peat swamp forest to oil palm plantation, and estimate the contribution to regional and global emissions.

The effects of including the chemical industry in the existing Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism of the European Union are unclear. A study finds that the current framework covers only half of key chemical emissions, urging the addition of fossil feedstocks and tougher default rules to boost efficacy.

The loss of Arctic sea-ice enhances evaporation and fuels extreme European winter snowfall, according to an analysis of atmospheric water vapour isotope measurements.

The molecular landscape of chromothriptic medulloblastoma remains to be characterised. Here, spatial transcriptomics analysis of 13 chromothriptic and non-chromothriptic medulloblastomas identifies distinct spatial composition patterns and cell communication networks in these tumours.

Acetic acid efficiently depolymerizes aliphatic and aromatic epoxy-amine thermosets used in carbon fibre-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) to yield recoverable monomers and pristine carbon fibres, which, based on process modelling, techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment, could enable industrial recycling of CFRPs.

Rivers and streams are important sources of carbon dioxide and methane; however, the drivers of these streambed gas fluxes are poorly understood. Here, the authors show that temperature sensitivity of streambed greenhouse gas emissions varies with substrate, organic matter content and geological origin.

In 2002, the world's governments agreed to significantly slow the rate of biodiversity loss by 2010. Time is almost up, and by most accounts they've failed. Now that climate change is emerging as one of biodiversity's greatest threats, scientists are proposing new ways to tackle the crisis. Hannah Hoag reports.

Coagulation factor VIII deficiency in hemophilia A disrupts clotting and prolongs bleeding. Here, the authors show that vagus nerve stimulation bypasses this defect and improves hemostasis in hemophilia A mice through a mechanism requiring acetylcholine-secreting ChAT⁺ T lymphocytes in spleen and α7nAChR on circulating platelets.

Paul Dodd studies the region’s sea ice and salt water in readiness for increased human activity as the climate warms.

Species are already on the move as waters warm. Conservation plans need to take this into account.

An article in Science Advances explores the capacity of protected areas to buffer ecosystems from the effects of climate change.

A synthesis of intervals of rapid climatic change evident in the geological record reveals some of the Earth system processes and tipping points that could lead to similar events in the future.

A large-scale metagenomic analysis of plant and mammal environmental DNA reveals complex ecological changes across the circumpolar region over the past 50,000 years, as biota responded to changing climates, culminating in the postglacial extinction of large mammals and emergence of modern ecosystems.

Significant process has been made in using one carbon sources toward biomanufacturing. Here, the authors explore how to strength its competitiveness, and highlight latest technologies and the released patents.

Canada's voters have rejected the Liberal party's strong environmental platform to re-elect Conservative Prime Minister Stephen Harper. Hannah Hoag looks down the road ahead for Canadian climate policy.

Cryptic lineages of morphologically similar but genetically distinct coral taxa occur in many reef systems. This Perspective discusses the relevance of this genetic diversity to studies of coral responses to climate change and to reef conservation and restoration.

Following the building principles of crown ethers for cation encapsulation, inverse crowns are rings of metals that bind anions. Now a redox-active inverse crown ether featuring Na⁺ cations and Mg⁰ has been shown to reduce epoxides, N₂O, S₈ or O₂ by combining anion complexation by the ring of metal cations with the reducing power of Mg⁰.

Ancient Canadian ice survived previous warm periods.

Ocana-Santero and colleagues show that serotonin is a key regulator of sensory programming. Early life SSRI exposure alters the developmental trajectory of interneurons to impact on neural dynamics in both the formative and adult sensory cortex.

Climate change and local anthropogenic stressors threaten the persistence of coral reefs. Here the authors track coral bleaching over the course of a heatwave and find that some colonies recovered from bleaching while high temperatures persisted, but only at sites lacking in other strong anthropogenic stressors.