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Cytology is commonly used for cervical cancer screening or triage. Here, the authors used deep learning to develop a liquid-based cytology screening approach to detect cervical cancer in both community and hospital-based settings.

Conventional methods for nanoparticle cluster formation involve surface functionalization, which can alter the properties. Here, the authors propose a non-disruptive strategy to position nanomaterials of different shapes between nanosheets without the need for pre-modification.

The regulation of perovskite crystallization is essential for achieving efficient solar cells. Here, authors introduce K₂SnO₃ to induce formation of KI and PbSnO₃ with an ABX₃ structure to enhance film uniformity, achieving efficiency of 28.81% for four-terminal all-perovskite tandem solar cells.

Initially anode-free design can obtain the maximum energy density of sodium metal batteries. Here, authors construct a highly ordered and regularly arranged Al(100) single crystal current collector, achieving uniform reversible sodium deposition capability and long cycle performance.

Oxidative stress contributes significantly to postmenopausal osteoporosis by impairing osteoblast function, but its precise mechanisms remain unclear. Here, the authors show that estrogen deficiency reduces GPX4 expression, leading to phospholipid peroxidation that impairs osteoblastogenesis, while GPX4 activators including 6- and 8-Gingerols can mitigate these effects.

Deep ultraviolet (DUV) detectors based on wide-bandgap semiconductors face challenges in the materials growth and optoelectronic properties optimization. Here, the authors realize high-performance DUV photodetectors based on van der Waals heterostructures, where the cutoff wavelength is determined by the tunnelling barrier height rather than the material bandgap.

Lymph node (LN) metastases after primary treatment may end up with disease recurrence and poor survival rate. Here this group designs a phospholipase A₂ (sPLA₂)-responsive nanosystem delivering doxorubicin for in vivo inhibition of both primary colorectal tumor progression and LN metastasis.

An annually resolved 3476-year tree-ring record from the Tibetan Plateau reveals severe 20^th century droughts and highlights the interplay between the Asian Monsoon and Westerlies. Droughts are often linked to the collapse of dynasties.

Transition metal nitride hydrides are promising candidates for low-pressure superconductors, yet remain underexplored. Here, the authors investigate the Zr-N-H system under 100–150 GPa, discovering stable high-pressure phases with superconducting transition temperatures up to 40 K, offering insights into hydrogen’s role and advancing the search for novel superconducting materials.

Early and accurate clinical assessment of disease severity in COVID-19 patients is essential for planning the allocation of scarce hospital resources. An explainable machine learning tool trained on blood sample data from 485 patients from Wuhan selected three biomarkers for predicting mortality of individual patients with high accuracy.

Although polymers have been studied for well over a century, there are few examples of covalently linked polymer crystals synthesized directly from solution. Here, the authors demonstrate a strategy to synthesize single crystalline 1D metallo-covalent organic frameworks by combining dynamic covalent chemistry and metal-ligand coordination.

In superconductors with sign-preserving pairing symmetries, Cooper pairs break when they scatter off magnetic impurities but not non-magnetic impurities. An observation of pair breaking by copper impurities in Na(Fe_0.96Co_0.03Cu_0.01)As demonstrates that its pairing symmetry is sign-reversed.

It remains challenging to integrate topological insulators (TI) with magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ) for spintronics applications. Here, the authors achieve a large tunneling magnetoresistance ratio and a low switching current density in a TI-MTJ device at room temperature, very promising for TI-driven magnetic memory.

Inhibitor of differentiation 1 (ID1) has been described as a cancer-promoting factor and also involved in the formation of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Here the authors report that ID1-expressing tumor associated macrophages favor colorectal cancer progression by promoting cancer cell stemness and CD8⁺ T cell exclusion.

Geospatial estimates of the prevalence of anemia in women of reproductive age across 82 low-income and middle-income countries reveals considerable heterogeneity and inequality at national and subnational levels, with few countries on track to meet the WHO Global Nutrition Targets by 2030.

China operates a national surveillance program for acute respiratory infections and sampled over 200,000 patients between 2009–2019. Here, the authors present results from this program and describe patterns by age, pathogen type, presence of pneumonia, and season.

Different experimental probes have found different bosonic modes in the iron-based superconductors. A scanning tunnelling spectroscopy study of two separate superconductors now links the tunnelling mode with the ‘neutron resonance’, both of which vanish when superconductivity disappears.

The molecular mechanism underlying how lithocholic acid recapitulates the lifespan and healthspan benefits of calorie restriction is revealed to involve TULP3, sirtuins, v-ATPase and AMPK.

Identification of a broadly therapeutic antibody h1A6.2 against enteroviruses, which mimics the entry receptor SCARB2 and triggers monocyte/macrophage-dependent Fc effector functions in mice.

It is difficult to control the geometric phase of particles as they undergo quantum tunnelling. Now tuning of the geometric phase of electron spin is demonstrated in tunnelling in a multilayer van der Waals antiferromagnet.

Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) is an osmolyte produced by marine microbes that plays an important role in nutrient cycling and atmospheric chemistry. Here the authors go to the Mariana Trench—the deepest point in the ocean—and find bacteria are key DMSP producers, and that DMSP has a role in protection against high pressure.

The authors report a computational strategy to simulate the hydrolysis and ammonolysis of N₂O₅ in aerosols using high-level quantum chemical methods. The computational results reveal a complete picture of the reactive uptake of N₂O₅ by atmospheric aerosols with or without NH₃.

Diarrhoea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in China. Here, the authors present results from a large sentinel surveillance scheme from 217 hospitals in all 31 provinces in mainland China, including ~150,000 patients with acute diarrhoea and covering years 2009-2018.

The simultaneous construction of two different types of chiralities is challenging. Here, the authors report a cationic gold-catalyzed asymmetric hydroarylation of ortho-alkynylaryl ferrocene derivatives, which enabled the simultaneous construction of axial and planar chirality.

A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of type 2 diabetes (T2D) identifies more than 600 T2D-associated loci; integrating physiological trait and single-cell chromatin accessibility data at these loci sheds light on heterogeneity within the T2D phenotype.

Non-pharmaceutical interventions implemented to mitigate COVID-19 transmission are likely to have impacted spread of other infectious diseases. Here, the authors investigate changes in the incidence of 31 notifiable infectious diseases using surveillance data from China.

Whilst superconductivity is understood to emerge when electronic pairing allows for conduction without resistance, the mechanism at work in Fe-based superconductors is unclear. Here, the authors address the details of Fermi surfaces and associated gaps as well as the pairing mechanism of (Li_1−xFe_x)OHFeSe via scanning tunnelling methods.

Sequencing of haploid sugarcane, Saccharum spontaneum, allows assembly of a prototypical version of the sugarcane chromosome set. This new reference genome will serve as a resource to accelerate sugarcane improvement.

A trans-ancestry meta-analysis of GWAS of glycemic traits in up to 281,416 individuals identifies 99 novel loci, of which one quarter was found due to the multi-ancestry approach, which also improves fine-mapping of credible variant sets.

Qi and colleagues generate reporter mice that can track the stimulation history of individual B cells, a record epigenetically stored as progressive chromatin changes. This recording system revealed that the balance of B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1 (BLIMP1) to BTB domain and CNC homolog 2 (BACH2) predicts the fate of memory B cells upon recall challenge.

In the phase 2 trial NEOSUMMIT-01, perioperative treatment of patients with locally advanced gastric or gastro-esophageal junction adenocarcinoma with anti-PD-1 and SOX/XELOX versus SOX/XELOX alone improved pathological complete response or near-complete response rate.

Genome sequencing and haplotype assembly of two cyprinid teleosts, a sexual tetraploid and an unisexual hexaploid, reveal insights into the evolutionary mechanisms underpinning the reproductive success of unisexual polyploid vertebrates.

Primary biliary cholangitis is an autoimmune liver disease. Here, the authors show that variants in interleukin genes which potentially deregulate their expression are associated with this condition, and suggest that the IL21 signalling pathway may have a role in disease aetiology.

Avalanche and surge robustness are fundamental for power devices to survive overvoltage and overcurrent stresses in typical applications. Here, authors report NiO/Ga₂O₃ heterojunctions with smaller reverse recovery, higher switching speed, and a robustness competitive to that of conventional homojunctions.