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Neuronal firing shows complex dynamical patterns not captured by conventional statistics. Here, authors perform the multifractal analysis of spike trains to reveal hidden temporal structures linked to circuit connectivity, offering a tool to decode brain architecture and dynamics.

The mechanism underlying the dissemination of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is unclear. Here, the authors show that STAT3 controls amoeboid migration in DLBCL via the transcriptional activation of RHOH, which then releases RhoA from RhoGDIγ-mediated suppression, or via regulating microtubule dynamics to activate RhoA.

The brainstem’s internal architecture and response to TBI are underestimated. Here, authors show distinct neuronal subtypes in the brainstem and reveal that disconnection of oligodendrocytes near the IV ventricle and altered locus coeruleus connectivity occur after TBI.

Doping is a common strategy to improve thermoelectric performance yet limited to the solid solubility of dopants. Here, the authors find that forming metavalently bonded precipitates is key to property enhancement in Te rather than modifying the matrix lattice.

Some thiamine diphosphate-dependent enzymes are powerful biocatalysts, forming carbon–carbon bonds between two α-keto acids, but their catalytic properties have been poorly understood. Now the substrate selectivity and catalytic stereoselectivity of two representative enzymes, CsmA and BbmA, have been fully characterized. Enzymatic total synthesis using these enzymes generates diverse carboligation products.

Helical Dirac fermion states that emerge at the surface of topological insulators support a variety of exotic physical phenomena, but they disappear when a topological insulator becomes too thin. Wang et al.show that these states are recovered when ultrathin films are interfaced together.

Under low-protein conditions, decrease of protein NUFIP1 is found to impair DNA damage response and induce necroptosis in the intestine, thereby contributing to intestinal inflammation in male mice with inflammatory bowel disease.

Stereoscopic imaging mimics human vision by using two offset cameras to perceive depth. Here, the authors propose time-domain stereoscopy, leveraging space-time duality for high-resolution, real-time 3D imaging via temporally offset optical gating.

Here it is shown that ion flux through the TrkH–TrkA complex is upregulated by ATP and downregulated by ADP; solving the X-ray crystal structures of the tetrameric TrkA ring in the absence and presence of TrkH suggests a mechanism by which ATP-induced conformational changes in TrkA augment the activity of TrkH.

TDP-43 proteinopathies are characterized by TDP-43 aggregates but the relationship of these aggregates to the pathogenesis is still not well defined. Here, the authors show that the recombinant full-length human TDP-43 forms oligomers that are neurotoxic, can promote the formation of A-beta amyloid oligomers in vitroand can be detected in postmortem brain of patients.

While carbon-introducing difunctionalization of C-C double bonds is well established, the analogous difunctionalization for introducing germanium group and other functionalities remains elusive. Here, the authors describe a nickel-catalyzed germylative alkylation of activated olefins with easily accessible primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl bromides and chlorogermanes as the electrophiles to form C-Ge and C-Calkyl bonds simultaneously.

Human ribonuclease 1 (hRNase 1) regulates innate immunity, hemostasis and RNA clearance. Here, the authors report an alternative function of hRNase 1 as a secretory ligand of Eph receptor EphA4 to enhance breast cancer stemness and promote breast tumour initiation.

Topologically associating domains (TADs) are critical structural units in 3D genome organization, and their reorganization between health and disease states is associated with essential genome functions. However, computational methods for identifying reorganized TADs are still in the early stages of development. Here, the authors present an algorithm leveraging random matrix theory to identify reorganized TADs.

Here, the authors evaluate the neutralization susceptibilities of BA.2.86 and JN.1 and determine the structural basis for binding to the ACE2 receptor and monoclonal neutralizing antibodies, revealing their evolution and antibody evasion mechanism.

Endosomal EGFR signaling and lysosomal degradation play important roles in controlling numerous biological processes. Here, the authors show that Arl4A negatively regulates EGFR degradation by binding to VPS36 and attenuating ESCRT-mediated late endosomal EGFR sorting.

There’s an emerging body of evidence to show how biological sex impacts cancer incidence, treatment and underlying biology. Here, using a large pan-cancer dataset, the authors further highlight how sex differences shape the cancer genome.

The gut symbiont Bacteroides fragilis secretes an antimicrobial ubiquitin homologue (BfUbb) that drives intraspecies bacterial competition. Here, the authors identify a highly conserved TonB-dependent transporter SusCD in B. fragilis as the BfUbb transporter and show species-specific antagonism of BfUbb and the BfUbb bound SusCD complex structure, revealing potential therapeutic applications of BfUbb against enterotoxigenic B. fragilis-related diseases.

Diatomic C₂ is an elusive species that has only been indirectly observed in the gas phase. It had previously been stabilized in the condensed phase using two ligands, but now a monoligated L→C₂ complex has been prepared with a bulky phosphine ligand (L) bearing two imidazolidin-2-iminato groups. Reactivity studies and theoretical quantum chemical analysis point to the C₂ moiety having a dicarbene character.

The compassionate use of l-asparaginase in patients suffering from nasopharyngeal carcinoma substantially strengthens the efficacy of immune-checkpoint blockade therapy by enhancing T cell fitness.

Investigation of propagating microwave photons at millikelvin has long been hindered by the lack of adequate photon detectors. Here, the authors solved this problem with a nanobolometer and measured second-order photon correlations at millikelvin.

The core structure of rape sporopollenin consists of polymeric phenylpropanoid derivatives crosslinked by hydroxyl fatty acids, while other components ligated to free hydroxyl and carboxyl groups of the core structure to form the peripheral structure.

Trained on large and multicenter datasets with different imaging modalities, a foundation model is shown to have strong performance on the full spectrum of clinically relevant tasks and to increase user accuracy in diagnostic tasks.

Depletion of calcium from intracellular stores induces interaction between the endoplasmic reticulum STIM1 protein and the plasma membrane ORAI1 channel that facilitates cellular calcium entry. Here Ma et al. characterize a STIM1 gain-of-function mutant and propose a conformational switch that controls ORAI1 gating.

EDA variants are associated with X-linked hypohidrotic dysplasia. Here, the authors report the crystal structure of the human EDA-EDAR complex, reveal the important role of this complex in ectodermal development and uncover the structural mechanism of disease-related mutations in EDA.

FinFETs are an evolution of metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) featuring a semiconducting channel vertically wrapped by conformal gate electrodes. Here, the authors use a two-dimensional semiconductor to push the FinFET width to sub-nm whilst achieving a 107 ON/OFF ratio.

Spindlin1 is an epigenetic reader that facilitates ribosomal RNA transcription. Here the authors reveal in vitro and structural evidence suggesting that Spindlin1 acts together with C11orf84 to recognize noncanonical bivalent mark of trimethylated lysine 4 and lysine 9 present on histone H3 tail (H3K4me3K9me3).

Zero thermal expansion materials—often composites of negative and positive coefficient materials—are needed for applications that see large temperature changes. Here, the authors demonstrate that polarization around pores in single-phase mesoporous lead titanate can be used to tune thermal expansion to near zero.

4T-Trap, a bispecific molecule designed to recognize CD4 and bind TGF-β, blocks TGF-β signalling in T helper cells, causing interleukin-4-dependent vascular reorganization and cancer cell death in a mouse model of breast cancer.

Foxp3, a key transcription factor of regulatory T cells, is targeted to degradation by HIF-1α. Here the authors show that Deltex1 promotes degradation of HIF-1α, thus stabilizing Foxp3 levels and function of regulatory T cells in vivo.

The persistence of myofibroblasts after wound healing is ultimately responsible for scarring. Here, the authors show that fibromodulin enhances interleukin 1β ternary complex formation, promoting myofibroblast apoptosis and providing a potential strategy to mitigate scarring.

The Bacteroides fragilis ubiquitin homologue, BfUbb, mediates intraspecies competition and provides a competitive advantage for encoding strains in the gut.

AMBRA1 functions as a substrate receptor for E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes to promote ubiquitination and degradation of Cyclin D. Here the authors demonstrated the structure of AMRBA1 in complex with DDB1. Disruption of intermolecular interactions caused deregulation of cell cycle and DNA damage repair.

Previous work has shown in iPSC derived neurons that synaptic impairments are associated with a 4bp DISC1 deletion. Here the authors demonstrate a role for the PDE4 signalling pathway in these synaptic impairments.

Using an integrated analysis on three independent large human datasets, Wang et al. map macroscale dysconnectivity in schizophrenia onto layer- and cell-type-specific microscale alterations. The authors identify different alterations of corticocortical and corticostriatal connectivity in schizophrenia and their relationship to different symptom dimensions and functional domains.

Catheter-based pulmonary artery denervation (PADN) has achieved promising outcomes to treat pulmonary hypertension (PH). Here, the authors show stereotactic body radiotherapy is a novel noninvasive approach for PADN with improved pulmonary hemodynamics in both acute and chronic PH swine models.

The controlled manipulation of the topological phases of electronic materials is a central goal of modern condensed matter research. Here, the authors demonstrate controllable switching between two distinct topological phases in a layered ferromagnet via thermal cycling.

Nuclear transport receptors mediate nucleocytoplasmic transport, collectively termed karyopherin-β (Kap-β) in yeast. Here, the authors present a cryo-EM structure of Kap114p, one of the Kap-βs, revealing a non-canonical function beyond nuclear transport that modulates yTBP-dependent transcription.

Tumor microenvironment varies between primary and metastatic sites. Here they report tumor-associated macrophages from metastatic sites to be predominantly M2 type, and secrete IL-35 to promote metastasis through activation of JAK2–STAT6–GATA3 signaling.

The asymmetric total synthesis of alchivemycin A is reported. The synthesis uses a chemoenzymatic approach that comprises de novo skeleton construction and a late-stage enzymatic oxidation cascade.

Transancestral GWAS meta-analysis in 160,420 individuals identifies 139 loci associated with refractive error, including myopia. Newly identified genes implicate pathways involved in eye growth and light signaling cascades.

The human tumor suppressor p53 interacts with the BCL-2 family proteins to regulate apoptosis. Here, the authors solve the structures of p53 in complex with the antiapoptotic protein BCL-2 and suggest a mechanism by which p53 promotes apoptosis by competitively antagonizing the interaction of BCL-2 with pro-apoptotic BCL-2 family proteins.

Riboswitches consist of an aptamer domain and expression platform, which senses a signal and regulates gene expression, respectively. Here the authors show that the expression platform of a SAM-I riboswitch from the Gram-negative bacteria can sense and bind uncharged an initiator Met tRNA to control the met operon.

A metasurface composed of pixels of optically switchable phase change material yields a photonic platform that can be configured on demand to perform a variety of optical tasks.

Severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCAR) is a T cell-mediated, potentially lethal drug hypersensitivity (DH). Here, the authors identify a carbamazepine-specific TCR common among patients with carbamazepine-induced SCAR that confers SCAR-like pathology in mice upon carbamazepine exposure, thereby implicating specific TCRs in DH etiology.

An inhibitor of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro), Y180, showed therapeutic efficacy against wild-type SARS-CoV-2 and its variants including Omicron after oral administration and improved survival in a humanized mouse model.

Yeh et al. find that PSPC1 is upregulated in cancer and interacts with Smad2/3 to induce TGF-β1. This leads to increased autocrine TGF-β1 signalling and a switch to pro-metastatic TGF-β1-dependent gene expression.

Structural elucidation of the Kluyveromyces lactis telomeric Cdc13–Stn1–Ten1 complex unexpectedly reveals a distinct complex structure from that of RPA.

Vinca alkaloids, tubulin-binding agents that impair microtubule growth, are widely used in cancer treatment. Here, the authors show that resistance to these drugs is due to Hepatoma up-regulated protein (HURP) competitively binding to the same site on tubulin, countering the drug’s effects.

PSPC1 has a critical role in promoting EMT and metastasis. Here, the authors demonstrate that PSPC1 is the contextual determinant of the oncogenic switch of PTK6/β-catenin subcellular localizations to drive metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via a PSPC1/PTK6/β-catenin signaling.