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In an evaluation involving 125 standardized patient cases, open-source DeepSeek large language models are shown to perform at least on par with state-of-the-art proprietary large language models in diagnosis and treatment recommendation tasks.
The open-source DeepSeek large language model showed variable performance relative to two leading models when benchmarked on four different medical tasks, with relatively strong reasoning capabilities but similar or weaker relative performance on other tasks, such as summarization of imaging reports.
Administration of an antisense oligonuceotide in a preterm infant with severe early-onset SCN2A developmental and epileptic encephalopathy was well tolerated and led to a 60% decrease in seizure frequency.
In a patient with treatment-refractory idiopathic inflammatory myositis, re-infusion of CD19 CAR-T cells following disease relapse led to the development of anti-CD19 CAR T cells and no clinical improvement, with drug-free remission induced again after treatment with BCMA CAR-T cells
H5N1 strain-specific antibodies are higher in older individuals and correlate more with birth year than with age, suggesting that younger individuals are potentially more likely to benefit from H5N1 vaccination.
In an extended follow-up of a phase 1 trial evaluating a first-generation GD2-directed CAR-T cell therapy in patients with neuroblastoma, one patient has had a sustained clinical response for over 18 years without requiring any additional therapy, with translational data from long-term survivors providing broader insights into potential determinants of CAR-T cell response.
Genomic and epidemiologic data suggest that the rapid spread of mpox clade I in the Democratic Republic of the Congo has happened mostly through sexual contact within densely populated areas.
Pyrolysis gas chromatography–mass spectrometry reveals the presence of microplastics and nanoplastics in human kidney, liver and brain tissue samples from 2016 and 2024, with higher proportions found in the brain.
This proof-of-concept phase 1 trial shows that the size of circulating tumor cell clusters (which can promote metastatic spread) can be reduced by treatment with the Na+/K+ ATPase inhibitor digoxin in patients with metastatic breast cancer.
A cohort study of over 15,000 US adults found that the lifetime risk of developing dementia from ages 55 to 95 is 42%, with the highest risk in APOE ε4 carriers, women and Black adults, and projected that approximately 1 million US adults will develop dementia annually by 2060.
In the TRACERx cohort of 171 patients with lung cancer, the ultrasensitive detection of ctDNA improves preoperative patient stratification, also in early-stage disease.
This analysis of the registry database DESCAR-T of more than 3,000 pediatric and adult patients with hematological malignancies who received CAR T cell therapy in France between 2018 and 2024 shows that only one person developed a secondary T cell malignancy following CAR T cell therapy.
An individual with multidrug-resistant HIV and Kaposi sarcoma achieved sustained viral suppression after treatment with an anti-CD4 domain 1 antibody and the injectable long-acting capsid inhibitor, lenacapavir.
Analyses of the year 2023, the warmest on record globally, estimated 47,690 heat-related deaths across 35 countries in Europe, which would have been 80% higher in the absence of any societal adaptations.
A personalized antisense oligonucleotide developed for a female with a KIF1A-associated neurological disorder was well tolerated and led to preliminary improvements in mobility and behavioral arrest after 9 months of follow-up.
In two preregistered studies involving 2,280 participants using simulated clinical scenarios, advice labeled as involving AI was evaluated as significantly less reliable and less empathetic compared with ‘human’-labeled advice.
A natural experiment including more than 200,000 people who received a shingles vaccine reveals that, within 6 years of vaccination, the recombinant vaccine is associated with lower risk of dementia than is the live vaccine.
Avian influenza vaccines in the US strategic stockpile elicit immune responses that recognize the clade of avian influenza circulating in cows and could be a resource before newer vaccines are approved and deployed.
