Altered patterns of effective connectivity in the brain’s default-mode network predicted both future dementia incidence and time to diagnosis.

The authors evaluated and integrated compositional and functional microbiota data using fecal samples taken from healthy individuals and multimodal neuroimaging.

The authors investigate first onsets of psychiatric disorders during perimenopause, finding higher incidence rates of major depressive disorder and mania.

De Giorgi and colleagues present a comprehensive analysis of pre-clinical and clinical studies examining the role of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in mental disorders.

This study reports short-term and long-term mental health outcomes across several forms of firearm violence exposure using data from an online survey of 10,000 US respondents administered by YouGov and identifies vulnerable groups.

This study explores the relationship between the genetic risk for schizophrenia and retinal thickness, demonstrating that neuroinflammatory pathways are linked to retinal thinning, with C-reactive protein partially mediating this effect. These findings suggest that retinal changes may serve as a potential noninvasive biomarker for schizophrenia risk.

In this randomized double-blind controlled trial, the authors examine whether the combination of transcranial direct current stimulation and exposure–response prevention (ERP) is more effective than ERP alone at improving OCD symptoms.

The term ‘psychosis’ has evolved over time to describe a mental state that is characterized by a disconnect from reality, which can present as a range of symptoms including hallucinations, delusions or disturbed cognition. It is also a symptom for the diagnosis of related disorders. Although there is variability in conceptualizing the construct, identifying risk factors for developing psychosis and early intervention are clear mental health and public health priorities.

Whiskey et al. discuss the reasons for the underuse of clozapine among Black individuals with treatment-resistant schizophrenia and propose changes to enhance clinicians’ confidence in prescribing it to this population.

This study reveals that in people with first episode of psychosis receiving oral antipsychotic medication, switching to long-acting injectable antipsychotic therapy may reduce psychotic relapses, especially in vulnerable subgroups, such as those with prior relapses or non-adherence to antipsychotic medication.

Arriving at a clinical diagnosis using diagnostic criteria is fundamental to mental health practice. Here we argue that high diagnostic quality can only be achieved by aligning diagnostic frameworks with the cognitive capabilities of clinicians, which may require redefining not only the diagnostic procedures but also the criteria themselves.

In this Perspective, the authors highlight the importance of the first 6 weeks after birth for postpartum neuroplasticity, and discuss multiple occurring processes that may contribute to the onset of postpartum depression.