Fig. 4: J-shaped relationship between average daily sleep duration and chronic diseases.
Cox proportional hazard models were used to compute HR values as a function of average daily sleep duration and plotted as blue curves for generalized anxiety disorder, hypertension and major depressive disorder. The median of average daily sleep (6.8 h) was used as the reference. Gray area indicates 95% CI. The red horizontal line indicates an HR of 1. All Cox proportional hazards models were adjusted for age, sex, baseline BMI, baseline systolic blood pressure, smoking status, alcohol drinking status, education status, time-varying average daily step count and previous diagnoses of cancer or coronary artery disease.