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A Simple and Comprehensive Vulnerability Scanner for Containers, Suitable for CI.

<img src="imgs/usage.gif" width="700">
<img src="imgs/usage1.png" width="600">
<img src="imgs/usage2.png" width="600">

# Table of Contents

- [Abstract](#abstract)
- [Features](#features)
- [Installation](#installation)
  - [RHEL/CentOS](#rhelcentos)
  - [Debian/Ubuntu](#debianubuntu)
  - [Arch Linux](#arch-linux)
  - [Mac OS X / Homebrew](#homebrew)
  - [Binary (Including Windows)](#binary-including-windows)
  - [From source](#from-source)
- [Quick Start](#quick-start)
  - [Basic](#basic)
  - [Docker](#docker)
- [Examples](#examples)
  - [Scan an image](#scan-an-image)
  - [Scan an image file](#scan-an-image-file)
  - [Save the results as JSON](#save-the-results-as-json)
  - [Filter the vulnerabilities by severities](#filter-the-vulnerabilities-by-severities)
  - [Filter the vulnerabilities by type](#filter-the-vulnerabilities-by-type)
  - [Skip an update of vulnerability DB](#skip-update-of-vulnerability-db)
  - [Ignore unfixed vulnerabilities](#ignore-unfixed-vulnerabilities)
  - [Specify exit code](#specify-exit-code)
  - [Ignore the specified vulnerabilities](#ignore-the-specified-vulnerabilities)
  - [Clear image caches](#clear-image-caches)
  - [Reset](#reset)
- [Continuous Integration (CI)](#continuous-integration-ci)
  - [Travis CI](#travis-ci)
  - [CircleCI](#circleci)
  - [GitLab CI](#gitlab)
  - [Authorization for Private Docker Registry](#authorization-for-private-docker-registry)
- [Vulnerability Detection](#vulnerability-detection)
  - [OS Packages](#os-packages)
  - [Application Dependencies](#application-dependencies)
- [Usage](#usage)
- [Comparison with other scanners](#comparison-with-other-scanners)
  - [Overview](#overview)
  - [vs Clair](#vs-clair)
  - [vs Anchore Engine](#vs-anchore-engine)
  - [vs Quay, Docker Hub, GCR](#vs-quay-docker-hub-gcr)
- [Migration](#migration)
- [Q&A](#qa)
  - [Homebrew](#homebrew)
  - [Others](#others)

# Abstract

`Trivy` (`tri` pronounced like **tri**gger, `vy` pronounced like en**vy**) is a simple and comprehensive vulnerability scanner for containers.
A software vulnerability is a glitch, flaw, or weakness present in the software or in an Operating System.
`Trivy` detects vulnerabilities of OS packages (Alpine, RHEL, CentOS, etc.) and application dependencies (Bundler, Composer, npm, yarn etc.).
`Trivy` is easy to use. Just install the binary and you're ready to scan. All you need to do for scanning is to specify an image name of the container.

It is considered to be used in CI. Before pushing to a container registry, you can scan your local container image easily.
See [here](#continuous-integration-ci) for details.

# Features

- Detect comprehensive vulnerabilities
  - OS packages (Alpine, **Red Hat Universal Base Image**, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, CentOS, Debian, Ubuntu, Amazon Linux and Distroless)
  - **Application dependencies** (Bundler, Composer, Pipenv, Poetry, npm, yarn and Cargo)
- Simple
  - Specify only an image name
  - See [Quick Start](#quick-start) and [Examples](#examples)
- Fast
  - The first scan will finish within 10 seconds (depending on your network). Consequent scans will finish in single seconds.
  - Unlike other scanners that take long to fetch vulnerability information (~10 minutes) on the first run, and encourage you to maintain the a durable vulnerability database, Trivy is stateless and requires no maintenance or preparation.
- Easy installation
  - `apt-get install`, `yum install` and `brew install` is possible (See [Installation](#installation))
  - **No pre-requisites** such as installation of DB, libraries, etc. (The exception is that you need `rpm` installed to scan images based on RHEL/CentOS. This is automatically included if you use our installers or the Trivy container image. See [Vulnerability Detection](#vulnerability-detection) for background information.)
- High accuracy
  - **Especially Alpine Linux and RHEL/CentOS**
  - Other OSes are also high
- DevSecOps
  - **Suitable for CI** such as Travis CI, CircleCI, Jenkins, etc.
  - See [CI Example](#continuous-integration-ci)

# Installation

## RHEL/CentOS

Add repository setting to `/etc/yum.repos.d`.

```
$ sudo vim /etc/yum.repos.d/trivy.repo
[trivy]
name=Trivy repository
baseurl=https://aquasecurity.github.io/trivy-repo/rpm/releases/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
$ sudo yum -y update
$ sudo yum -y install trivy
```

or

```
$ rpm -ivh https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/releases/download/v0.1.6/trivy_0.1.6_Linux-64bit.rpm
```

## Debian/Ubuntu

Add repository to `/etc/apt/sources.list.d`.

```
 $ sudo apt-get install wget apt-transport-https gnupg lsb-release
$ wget -qO - https://aquasecurity.github.io/trivy-repo/deb/public.key | sudo apt-key add -
$ echo deb https://aquasecurity.github.io/trivy-repo/deb $(lsb_release -sc) main | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/trivy.list
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install trivy
```

or

```
$ sudo apt-get install rpm
$ wget https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/releases/download/v0.1.6/trivy_0.1.6_Linux-64bit.deb
$ sudo dpkg -i trivy_0.1.6_Linux-64bit.deb
```



## Arch Linux
Package trivy-bin can be installed from the Arch User Repository. Examples:
```
pikaur -Sy trivy-bin
```
or
```
yay -Sy trivy-bin
```

## Homebrew

You can use homebrew on macOS.

```
$ brew install aquasecurity/trivy/trivy
```

## Binary (Including Windows)

Get the latest version from [this page](https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/releases/latest), and download the archive file for your operating system/architecture. Unpack the archive, and put the binary somewhere in your `$PATH` (on UNIX-y systems, /usr/local/bin or the like). Make sure it has execution bits turned on.

You also need to install `rpm` command for scanning images based on RHEL/CentOS.

## From source

```sh
$ mkdir -p $GOPATH/src/github.com/aquasecurity
$ cd $GOPATH/src/github.com/aquasecurity
$ git clone https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy
$ cd trivy/cmd/trivy/
$ export GO111MODULE=on
$ go install
```

You also need to install `rpm` command for scanning images based on RHEL/CentOS.

# Quick Start

Simply specify an image name (and a tag). **The `latest` tag should be avoided as problems occur with the image cache.** See [Clear image caches](#clear-image-caches).

## Basic

```
$ trivy [YOUR_IMAGE_NAME]
```

For example:

```
$ trivy python:3.4-alpine
```

<details>
<summary>Result</summary>

```
2019-05-16T01:20:43.180+0900    INFO    Updating vulnerability database...
2019-05-16T01:20:53.029+0900    INFO    Detecting Alpine vulnerabilities...

python:3.4-alpine3.9 (alpine 3.9.2)
===================================
Total: 1 (UNKNOWN: 0, LOW: 0, MEDIUM: 1, HIGH: 0, CRITICAL: 0)

+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------+
| LIBRARY | VULNERABILITY ID | SEVERITY | INSTALLED VERSION | FIXED VERSION |             TITLE              |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------+
| openssl | CVE-2019-1543    | MEDIUM   | 1.1.1a-r1         | 1.1.1b-r1     | openssl: ChaCha20-Poly1305     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | with long nonces               |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------+
```

</details>

## Docker

Replace [YOUR_CACHE_DIR] with the cache directory on your machine.

```
$ docker run --rm -v [YOUR_CACHE_DIR]:/root/.cache/ aquasec/trivy [YOUR_IMAGE_NAME]
```

Example for macOS:

```
$ docker run --rm -v $HOME/Library/Caches:/root/.cache/ aquasec/trivy python:3.4-alpine
```

If you would like to scan the image on your host machine, you need to mount `docker.sock`.

```
$ docker run --rm -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock \
    -v $HOME/Library/Caches:/root/.cache/ aquasec/trivy python:3.4-alpine
```

Please re-pull latest `aquasec/trivy` if an error occurred.

<details>
<summary>Result</summary>

```
2019-05-16T01:20:43.180+0900    INFO    Updating vulnerability database...
2019-05-16T01:20:53.029+0900    INFO    Detecting Alpine vulnerabilities...

python:3.4-alpine3.9 (alpine 3.9.2)
===================================
Total: 1 (UNKNOWN: 0, LOW: 0, MEDIUM: 1, HIGH: 0, CRITICAL: 0)

+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------+
| LIBRARY | VULNERABILITY ID | SEVERITY | INSTALLED VERSION | FIXED VERSION |             TITLE              |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------+
| openssl | CVE-2019-1543    | MEDIUM   | 1.1.1a-r1         | 1.1.1b-r1     | openssl: ChaCha20-Poly1305     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | with long nonces               |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------+
```

</details>

# Examples

### Scan an image

Simply specify an image name (and a tag).

```
$ trivy knqyf263/vuln-image:1.2.3
```

<details>
<summary>Result</summary>

```
2019-05-16T12:58:55.967+0900    INFO    Updating vulnerability database...
2019-05-16T12:59:03.150+0900    INFO    Detecting Alpine vulnerabilities...
2019-05-16T12:59:03.156+0900    INFO    Updating bundler Security DB...
2019-05-16T12:59:04.941+0900    INFO    Detecting bundler vulnerabilities...
2019-05-16T12:59:04.942+0900    INFO    Updating cargo Security DB...
2019-05-16T12:59:05.967+0900    INFO    Detecting cargo vulnerabilities...
2019-05-16T12:59:05.967+0900    INFO    Updating composer Security DB...
2019-05-16T12:59:07.834+0900    INFO    Detecting composer vulnerabilities...
2019-05-16T12:59:07.834+0900    INFO    Updating npm Security DB...
2019-05-16T12:59:10.285+0900    INFO    Detecting npm vulnerabilities...
2019-05-16T12:59:10.285+0900    INFO    Updating pipenv Security DB...
2019-05-16T12:59:11.487+0900    INFO    Detecting pipenv vulnerabilities...

knqyf263/vuln-image:1.2.3 (alpine 3.7.1)
========================================
Total: 26 (UNKNOWN: 0, LOW: 3, MEDIUM: 16, HIGH: 5, CRITICAL: 2)

+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------------------+
| LIBRARY | VULNERABILITY ID | SEVERITY | INSTALLED VERSION | FIXED VERSION |              TITLE               |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------------------+
| curl    | CVE-2018-14618   | CRITICAL | 7.61.0-r0         | 7.61.1-r0     | curl: NTLM password overflow     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | via integer overflow             |
+         +------------------+----------+                   +---------------+----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2018-16839   | HIGH     |                   | 7.61.1-r1     | curl: Integer overflow leading   |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | to heap-based buffer overflow in |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | Curl_sasl_create_plain_message() |
+         +------------------+          +                   +---------------+----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2019-3822    |          |                   | 7.61.1-r2     | curl: NTLMv2 type-3 header       |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | stack buffer overflow            |
+         +------------------+          +                   +---------------+----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2018-16840   |          |                   | 7.61.1-r1     | curl: Use-after-free when        |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | closing "easy" handle in         |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | Curl_close()                     |
+         +------------------+----------+                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2018-16842   | MEDIUM   |                   |               | curl: Heap-based buffer          |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | over-read in the curl tool       |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | warning formatting               |
+         +------------------+          +                   +---------------+----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2018-16890   |          |                   | 7.61.1-r2     | curl: NTLM type-2 heap           |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | out-of-bounds buffer read        |
+         +------------------+          +                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2019-3823    |          |                   |               | curl: SMTP end-of-response       |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | out-of-bounds read               |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------------------+
| git     | CVE-2018-17456   | HIGH     | 2.15.2-r0         | 2.15.3-r0     | git: arbitrary code execution    |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | via .gitmodules                  |
+         +------------------+          +                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2018-19486   |          |                   |               | git: Improper handling of        |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | PATH allows for commands to be   |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | executed from...                 |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------------------+
| libssh2 | CVE-2019-3855    | CRITICAL | 1.8.0-r2          | 1.8.1-r0      | libssh2: Integer overflow in     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | transport read resulting in      |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | out of bounds write...           |
+         +------------------+----------+                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2019-3859    | MEDIUM   |                   |               | libssh2: Unchecked use of        |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | _libssh2_packet_require and      |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | _libssh2_packet_requirev         |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | resulting in out-of-bounds       |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | read                             |
+         +------------------+          +                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2019-3858    |          |                   |               | libssh2: Zero-byte allocation    |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | with a specially crafted SFTP    |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | packed leading to an...          |
+         +------------------+          +                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2019-3863    |          |                   |               | libssh2: Integer overflow        |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | in user authenticate             |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | keyboard interactive allows      |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | out-of-bounds writes             |
+         +------------------+          +                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2019-3862    |          |                   |               | libssh2: Out-of-bounds memory    |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | comparison with specially        |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | crafted message channel          |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | request                          |
+         +------------------+          +                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2019-3860    |          |                   |               | libssh2: Out-of-bounds reads     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | with specially crafted SFTP      |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | packets                          |
+         +------------------+          +                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2019-3857    |          |                   |               | libssh2: Integer overflow in     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | SSH packet processing channel    |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | resulting in out of...           |
+         +------------------+          +                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2019-3861    |          |                   |               | libssh2: Out-of-bounds reads     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | with specially crafted SSH       |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | packets                          |
+         +------------------+          +                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2019-3856    |          |                   |               | libssh2: Integer overflow in     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | keyboard interactive handling    |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | resulting in out of bounds...    |
+---------+------------------+          +-------------------+---------------+----------------------------------+
| libxml2 | CVE-2018-14567   |          | 2.9.7-r0          | 2.9.8-r1      | libxml2: Infinite loop when      |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | --with-lzma is used allows for   |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | denial of service...             |
+         +------------------+          +                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2018-14404   |          |                   |               | libxml2: NULL pointer            |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | dereference in                   |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | xpath.c:xmlXPathCompOpEval()     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | can allow attackers to cause     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | a...                             |
+         +------------------+----------+                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2018-9251    | LOW      |                   |               | libxml2: infinite loop in        |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | xz_decomp function in xzlib.c    |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------------------+
| openssh | CVE-2019-6109    | MEDIUM   | 7.5_p1-r9         | 7.5_p1-r10    | openssh: Missing character       |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | encoding in progress display     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | allows for spoofing of scp...    |
+         +------------------+          +                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2019-6111    |          |                   |               | openssh: Improper validation     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | of object names allows           |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | malicious server to overwrite    |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | files...                         |
+         +------------------+----------+                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2018-20685   | LOW      |                   |               | openssh: scp client improper     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | directory name validation        |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------------------+
| sqlite  | CVE-2018-20346   | MEDIUM   | 3.21.0-r1         | 3.25.3-r0     | sqlite: Multiple flaws in        |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | sqlite which can be triggered    |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | via corrupted internal...        |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------------------+
| tar     | CVE-2018-20482   | LOW      | 1.29-r1           | 1.31-r0       | tar: Infinite read loop in       |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | sparse_dump_region function in   |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | sparse.c                         |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------------------+

ruby-app/Gemfile.lock
=====================
Total: 1 (UNKNOWN: 0, LOW: 0, MEDIUM: 1, HIGH: 0, CRITICAL: 0)

+----------------------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------+
|       LIBRARY        | VULNERABILITY ID | SEVERITY | INSTALLED VERSION | FIXED VERSION |             TITLE              |
+----------------------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------+
| rails-html-sanitizer | CVE-2018-3741    | MEDIUM   | 1.0.3             | >= 1.0.4      | rubygem-rails-html-sanitizer:  |
|                      |                  |          |                   |               | non-whitelisted attributes     |
|                      |                  |          |                   |               | are present in sanitized       |
|                      |                  |          |                   |               | output when input with         |
|                      |                  |          |                   |               | specially-crafted...           |
+----------------------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------+

rust-app/Cargo.lock
===================
Total: 3 (UNKNOWN: 3, LOW: 0, MEDIUM: 0, HIGH: 0, CRITICAL: 0)

+---------+-------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------+
| LIBRARY | VULNERABILITY ID  | SEVERITY | INSTALLED VERSION | FIXED VERSION |             TITLE              |
+---------+-------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------+
| ammonia | RUSTSEC-2019-0001 | UNKNOWN  | 1.9.0             | >= 2.1.0      | Uncontrolled recursion leads   |
|         |                   |          |                   |               | to abort in HTML serialization |
+---------+-------------------+          +-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------+
| openssl | RUSTSEC-2016-0001 |          | 0.8.3             | >= 0.9.0      | SSL/TLS MitM vulnerability due |
|         |                   |          |                   |               | to insecure defaults           |
+         +-------------------+          +                   +---------------+--------------------------------+
|         | RUSTSEC-2018-0010 |          |                   | >= 0.10.9     | Use after free in CMS Signing  |
+---------+-------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------+

php-app/composer.lock
=====================
Total: 1 (UNKNOWN: 0, LOW: 0, MEDIUM: 1, HIGH: 0, CRITICAL: 0)

+-------------------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------------+--------------------------------+
|      LIBRARY      | VULNERABILITY ID | SEVERITY | INSTALLED VERSION |    FIXED VERSION    |             TITLE              |
+-------------------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------------+--------------------------------+
| guzzlehttp/guzzle | CVE-2016-5385    | MEDIUM   | 6.2.0             | 6.2.1, 4.2.4, 5.3.1 | PHP: sets environmental        |
|                   |                  |          |                   |                     | variable based on user         |
|                   |                  |          |                   |                     | supplied Proxy request header  |
+-------------------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------------+--------------------------------+

node-app/package-lock.json
==========================
Total: 4 (UNKNOWN: 0, LOW: 0, MEDIUM: 3, HIGH: 1, CRITICAL: 0)

+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------+
| LIBRARY | VULNERABILITY ID | SEVERITY | INSTALLED VERSION | FIXED VERSION |             TITLE              |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------+
| jquery  | CVE-2019-5428    | MEDIUM   | 3.3.9             | >=3.4.0       | Modification of                |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | Assumed-Immutable Data (MAID)  |
+         +------------------+          +                   +               +--------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2019-11358   |          |                   |               | js-jquery: prototype pollution |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | in object's prototype leading  |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | to denial of service or...     |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------+
| lodash  | CVE-2018-16487   | HIGH     | 4.17.4            | >=4.17.11     | lodash: Prototype pollution in |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | utilities function             |
+         +------------------+----------+                   +---------------+                                +
|         | CVE-2018-3721    | MEDIUM   |                   | >=4.17.5      |                                |
|         |                  |          |                   |               |                                |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------+

python-app/Pipfile.lock
=======================
Total: 1 (UNKNOWN: 0, LOW: 0, MEDIUM: 1, HIGH: 0, CRITICAL: 0)

+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+------------------------------------+
| LIBRARY | VULNERABILITY ID | SEVERITY | INSTALLED VERSION | FIXED VERSION |               TITLE                |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+------------------------------------+
| django  | CVE-2019-6975    | MEDIUM   | 2.0.9             | 2.0.11        | python-django:                     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | memory exhaustion in               |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | django.utils.numberformat.format() |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+------------------------------------+
```

</details>

### Scan an image file

```
$ docker save ruby:2.3.0-alpine3.9 -o ruby-2.3.0.tar
$ trivy --input ruby-2.3.0.tar
```

<details>
<summary>Result</summary>

```
2019-05-16T12:45:57.332+0900    INFO    Updating vulnerability database...
2019-05-16T12:45:59.119+0900    INFO    Detecting Debian vulnerabilities...

ruby-2.3.0.tar (debian 8.4)
===========================
Total: 7447 (UNKNOWN: 5, LOW: 326, MEDIUM: 5695, HIGH: 1316, CRITICAL: 105)

+------------------------------+---------------------+----------+----------------------------+----------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+
|           LIBRARY            |  VULNERABILITY ID   | SEVERITY |     INSTALLED VERSION      |          FIXED VERSION           |                        TITLE                        |
+------------------------------+---------------------+----------+----------------------------+----------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+
| apt                          | CVE-2019-3462       | CRITICAL | 1.0.9.8.3                  | 1.0.9.8.5                        | Incorrect sanitation of the                         |
|                              |                     |          |                            |                                  | 302 redirect field in HTTP                          |
|                              |                     |          |                            |                                  | transport method of...                              |
+                              +---------------------+----------+                            +----------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+
|                              | CVE-2016-1252       | MEDIUM   |                            | 1.0.9.8.4                        | The apt package in Debian                           |
|                              |                     |          |                            |                                  | jessie before 1.0.9.8.4, in                         |
|                              |                     |          |                            |                                  | Debian unstable before...                           |
+                              +---------------------+----------+                            +----------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+
|                              | CVE-2011-3374       | LOW      |                            |                                  |                                                     |
+------------------------------+---------------------+----------+----------------------------+----------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+
| bash                         | CVE-2016-7543       | HIGH     | 4.3-11                     | 4.3-11+deb8u1                    | bash: Specially crafted                             |
|                              |                     |          |                            |                                  | SHELLOPTS+PS4 variables allows                      |
|                              |                     |          |                            |                                  | command substitution                                |
+                              +---------------------+          +                            +----------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+
|                              | CVE-2019-9924       |          |                            | 4.3-11+deb8u2                    | bash: BASH_CMD is writable in                       |
|                              |                     |          |                            |                                  | restricted bash shells                              |
+                              +---------------------+----------+                            +----------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+
|                              | CVE-2016-0634       | MEDIUM   |                            | 4.3-11+deb8u1                    | bash: Arbitrary code execution                      |
|                              |                     |          |                            |                                  | via malicious hostname                              |
+                              +---------------------+----------+                            +----------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+
|                              | CVE-2016-9401       | LOW      |                            | 4.3-11+deb8u2                    | bash: popd controlled free                          |
+                              +---------------------+          +                            +----------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+
|                              | TEMP-0841856-B18BAF |          |                            |                                  |                                                     |
+------------------------------+---------------------+----------+----------------------------+----------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------
...
```

</details>

### Save the results as JSON

```
$ trivy -f json -o results.json golang:1.12-alpine
```

<details>
<summary>Result</summary>

```
2019-05-16T01:46:31.777+0900    INFO    Updating vulnerability database...
2019-05-16T01:47:03.007+0900    INFO    Detecting Alpine vulnerabilities...
```

</details>

<details>
<summary>JSON</summary>

```
[
  {
    "Target": "php-app/composer.lock",
    "Vulnerabilities": null
  },
  {
    "Target": "node-app/package-lock.json",
    "Vulnerabilities": [
      {
        "VulnerabilityID": "CVE-2018-16487",
        "PkgName": "lodash",
        "InstalledVersion": "4.17.4",
        "FixedVersion": "\u003e=4.17.11",
        "Title": "lodash: Prototype pollution in utilities function",
        "Description": "A prototype pollution vulnerability was found in lodash \u003c4.17.11 where the functions merge, mergeWith, and defaultsDeep can be tricked into adding or modifying properties of Object.prototype.",
        "Severity": "HIGH",
        "References": [
          "https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2018-16487",
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "Target": "trivy-ci-test (alpine 3.7.1)",
    "Vulnerabilities": [
      {
        "VulnerabilityID": "CVE-2018-16840",
        "PkgName": "curl",
        "InstalledVersion": "7.61.0-r0",
        "FixedVersion": "7.61.1-r1",
        "Title": "curl: Use-after-free when closing \"easy\" handle in Curl_close()",
        "Description": "A heap use-after-free flaw was found in curl versions from 7.59.0 through 7.61.1 in the code related to closing an easy handle. ",
        "Severity": "HIGH",
        "References": [
          "https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2018-16840",
        ]
      },
      {
        "VulnerabilityID": "CVE-2019-3822",
        "PkgName": "curl",
        "InstalledVersion": "7.61.0-r0",
        "FixedVersion": "7.61.1-r2",
        "Title": "curl: NTLMv2 type-3 header stack buffer overflow",
        "Description": "libcurl versions from 7.36.0 to before 7.64.0 are vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow. ",
        "Severity": "HIGH",
        "References": [
          "https://curl.haxx.se/docs/CVE-2019-3822.html",
          "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/8338a0f605bdbb3a6098bb76f666a95fc2b2f53f37fa1ecc89f1146f@%3Cdevnull.infra.apache.org%3E"
        ]
      },
      {
        "VulnerabilityID": "CVE-2018-16839",
        "PkgName": "curl",
        "InstalledVersion": "7.61.0-r0",
        "FixedVersion": "7.61.1-r1",
        "Title": "curl: Integer overflow leading to heap-based buffer overflow in Curl_sasl_create_plain_message()",
        "Description": "Curl versions 7.33.0 through 7.61.1 are vulnerable to a buffer overrun in the SASL authentication code that may lead to denial of service.",
        "Severity": "HIGH",
        "References": [
          "https://github.com/curl/curl/commit/f3a24d7916b9173c69a3e0ee790102993833d6c5",
        ]
      },
      {
        "VulnerabilityID": "CVE-2018-19486",
        "PkgName": "git",
        "InstalledVersion": "2.15.2-r0",
        "FixedVersion": "2.15.3-r0",
        "Title": "git: Improper handling of PATH allows for commands to be executed from the current directory",
        "Description": "Git before 2.19.2 on Linux and UNIX executes commands from the current working directory (as if '.' were at the end of $PATH) in certain cases involving the run_command() API and run-command.c, because there was a dangerous change from execvp to execv during 2017.",
        "Severity": "HIGH",
        "References": [
          "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3829-1/",
        ]
      },
      {
        "VulnerabilityID": "CVE-2018-17456",
        "PkgName": "git",
        "InstalledVersion": "2.15.2-r0",
        "FixedVersion": "2.15.3-r0",
        "Title": "git: arbitrary code execution via .gitmodules",
        "Description": "Git before 2.14.5, 2.15.x before 2.15.3, 2.16.x before 2.16.5, 2.17.x before 2.17.2, 2.18.x before 2.18.1, and 2.19.x before 2.19.1 allows remote code execution during processing of a recursive \"git clone\" of a superproject if a .gitmodules file has a URL field beginning with a '-' character.",
        "Severity": "HIGH",
        "References": [
          "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041811",
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "Target": "python-app/Pipfile.lock",
    "Vulnerabilities": null
  },
  {
    "Target": "ruby-app/Gemfile.lock",
    "Vulnerabilities": null
  },
  {
    "Target": "rust-app/Cargo.lock",
    "Vulnerabilities": null
  }
]
```

</details>

### Filter the vulnerabilities by severities

```
$ trivy --severity HIGH,CRITICAL ruby:2.3.0
```

<details>
<summary>Result</summary>

```
2019-05-16T01:51:46.255+0900    INFO    Updating vulnerability database...
2019-05-16T01:51:49.213+0900    INFO    Detecting Debian vulnerabilities...

ruby:2.3.0 (debian 8.4)
=======================
Total: 1785 (UNKNOWN: 0, LOW: 0, MEDIUM: 0, HIGH: 1680, CRITICAL: 105)

+-----------------------------+------------------+----------+---------------------------+----------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
|           LIBRARY           | VULNERABILITY ID | SEVERITY |     INSTALLED VERSION     |          FIXED VERSION           |                      TITLE                      |
+-----------------------------+------------------+----------+---------------------------+----------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| apt                         | CVE-2019-3462    | CRITICAL | 1.0.9.8.3                 | 1.0.9.8.5                        | Incorrect sanitation of the                     |
|                             |                  |          |                           |                                  | 302 redirect field in HTTP                      |
|                             |                  |          |                           |                                  | transport method of...                          |
+-----------------------------+------------------+----------+---------------------------+----------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| bash                        | CVE-2019-9924    | HIGH     | 4.3-11                    | 4.3-11+deb8u2                    | bash: BASH_CMD is writable in                   |
|                             |                  |          |                           |                                  | restricted bash shells                          |
+                             +------------------+          +                           +----------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
|                             | CVE-2016-7543    |          |                           | 4.3-11+deb8u1                    | bash: Specially crafted                         |
|                             |                  |          |                           |                                  | SHELLOPTS+PS4 variables allows                  |
|                             |                  |          |                           |                                  | command substitution                            |
+-----------------------------+------------------+          +---------------------------+----------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| binutils                    | CVE-2017-8421    |          | 2.25-5                    |                                  | binutils: Memory exhaustion in                  |
|                             |                  |          |                           |                                  | objdump via a crafted PE file                   |
+                             +------------------+          +                           +----------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
|                             | CVE-2017-14930   |          |                           |                                  | binutils: Memory leak in                        |
|                             |                  |          |                           |                                  | decode_line_info                                |
+                             +------------------+          +                           +----------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
|                             | CVE-2017-7614    |          |                           |                                  | binutils: NULL                                  |
|                             |                  |          |                           |                                  | pointer dereference in                          |
|                             |                  |          |                           |                                  | bfd_elf_final_link function                     |
+                             +------------------+          +                           +----------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
|                             | CVE-2014-9939    |          |                           |                                  | binutils: buffer overflow in                    |
|                             |                  |          |                           |                                  | ihex.c                                          |
+                             +------------------+          +                           +----------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
|                             | CVE-2017-13716   |          |                           |                                  | binutils: Memory leak with the                  |
|                             |                  |          |                           |                                  | C++ symbol demangler routine                    |
|                             |                  |          |                           |                                  | in libiberty                                    |
+                             +------------------+          +                           +----------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
|                             | CVE-2018-12699   |          |                           |                                  | binutils: heap-based buffer                     |
|                             |                  |          |                           |                                  | overflow in finish_stab in                      |
|                             |                  |          |                           |                                  | stabs.c                                         |
+-----------------------------+------------------+          +---------------------------+----------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| bsdutils                    | CVE-2015-5224    |          | 2.25.2-6                  |                                  | util-linux: File name                           |
|                             |                  |          |                           |                                  | collision due to incorrect                      |
|                             |                  |          |                           |                                  | mkstemp use                                     |
+                             +------------------+          +                           +----------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
|                             | CVE-2016-2779    |          |                           |                                  | util-linux: runuser tty hijack                  |
|                             |                  |          |                           |                                  | via TIOCSTI ioctl                               |
+-----------------------------+------------------+----------+---------------------------+----------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
```

</details>


### Filter the vulnerabilities by type

```
$ trivy --vuln-type os ruby:2.3.0
```

Available values:
  - library
  - os

<details>
<summary>Result</summary>

```
2019-05-22T19:36:50.530+0200    [34mINFO[0m    Updating vulnerability database...
2019-05-22T19:36:51.681+0200    [34mINFO[0m    Detecting Alpine vulnerabilities...
2019-05-22T19:36:51.685+0200    [34mINFO[0m    Updating npm Security DB...
2019-05-22T19:36:52.389+0200    [34mINFO[0m    Detecting npm vulnerabilities...
2019-05-22T19:36:52.390+0200    [34mINFO[0m    Updating pipenv Security DB...
2019-05-22T19:36:53.406+0200    [34mINFO[0m    Detecting pipenv vulnerabilities...

ruby:2.3.0 (debian 8.4)
Total: 4751 (UNKNOWN: 1, LOW: 150, MEDIUM: 3504, HIGH: 1013, CRITICAL: 83)

+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------------------+
| LIBRARY | VULNERABILITY ID | SEVERITY | INSTALLED VERSION | FIXED VERSION |              TITLE               |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------------------+
| curl    | CVE-2018-14618   | CRITICAL | 7.61.0-r0         | 7.61.1-r0     | curl: NTLM password overflow     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | via integer overflow             |
+         +------------------+----------+                   +---------------+----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2018-16839   | HIGH     |                   | 7.61.1-r1     | curl: Integer overflow leading   |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | to heap-based buffer overflow in |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | Curl_sasl_create_plain_message() |
+         +------------------+          +                   +---------------+----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2019-3822    |          |                   | 7.61.1-r2     | curl: NTLMv2 type-3 header       |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | stack buffer overflow            |
+         +------------------+          +                   +---------------+----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2018-16840   |          |                   | 7.61.1-r1     | curl: Use-after-free when        |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | closing "easy" handle in         |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | Curl_close()                     |
+         +------------------+----------+                   +---------------+----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2019-3823    | MEDIUM   |                   | 7.61.1-r2     | curl: SMTP end-of-response       |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | out-of-bounds read               |
+         +------------------+          +                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2018-16890   |          |                   |               | curl: NTLM type-2 heap           |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | out-of-bounds buffer read        |
+         +------------------+          +                   +---------------+----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2018-16842   |          |                   | 7.61.1-r1     | curl: Heap-based buffer          |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | over-read in the curl tool       |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | warning formatting               |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------------------+
| git     | CVE-2018-17456   | HIGH     | 2.15.2-r0         | 2.15.3-r0     | git: arbitrary code execution    |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | via .gitmodules                  |
+         +------------------+          +                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2018-19486   |          |                   |               | git: Improper handling of        |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | PATH allows for commands to be   |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | executed from...                 |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------------------+
| libssh2 | CVE-2019-3855    | CRITICAL | 1.8.0-r2          | 1.8.1-r0      | libssh2: Integer overflow in     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | transport read resulting in      |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | out of bounds write...           |
+         +------------------+----------+                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2019-3861    | MEDIUM   |                   |               | libssh2: Out-of-bounds reads     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | with specially crafted SSH       |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | packets                          |
+         +------------------+          +                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2019-3857    |          |                   |               | libssh2: Integer overflow in     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | SSH packet processing channel    |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | resulting in out of...           |
+         +------------------+          +                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2019-3856    |          |                   |               | libssh2: Integer overflow in     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | keyboard interactive handling    |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | resulting in out of bounds...    |
+         +------------------+          +                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2019-3863    |          |                   |               | libssh2: Integer overflow        |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | in user authenticate             |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | keyboard interactive allows      |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | out-of-bounds writes             |
+         +------------------+          +                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2019-3862    |          |                   |               | libssh2: Out-of-bounds memory    |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | comparison with specially        |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | crafted message channel          |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | request                          |
+         +------------------+          +                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2019-3860    |          |                   |               | libssh2: Out-of-bounds reads     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | with specially crafted SFTP      |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | packets                          |
+         +------------------+          +                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2019-3858    |          |                   |               | libssh2: Zero-byte allocation    |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | with a specially crafted SFTP    |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | packed leading to an...          |
+         +------------------+          +                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2019-3859    |          |                   |               | libssh2: Unchecked use of        |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | _libssh2_packet_require and      |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | _libssh2_packet_requirev         |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | resulting in out-of-bounds       |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | read                             |
+---------+------------------+          +-------------------+---------------+----------------------------------+
| libxml2 | CVE-2018-14404   |          | 2.9.7-r0          | 2.9.8-r1      | libxml2: NULL pointer            |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | dereference in                   |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | xpath.c:xmlXPathCompOpEval()     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | can allow attackers to cause     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | a...                             |
+         +------------------+          +                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2018-14567   |          |                   |               | libxml2: Infinite loop when      |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | --with-lzma is used allows for   |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | denial of service...             |
+         +------------------+----------+                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2018-9251    | LOW      |                   |               | libxml2: infinite loop in        |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | xz_decomp function in xzlib.c    |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------------------+
| openssh | CVE-2019-6109    | MEDIUM   | 7.5_p1-r9         | 7.5_p1-r10    | openssh: Missing character       |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | encoding in progress display     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | allows for spoofing of scp...    |
+         +------------------+          +                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2019-6111    |          |                   |               | openssh: Improper validation     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | of object names allows           |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | malicious server to overwrite    |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | files...                         |
+         +------------------+----------+                   +               +----------------------------------+
|         | CVE-2018-20685   | LOW      |                   |               | openssh: scp client improper     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | directory name validation        |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------------------+
| sqlite  | CVE-2018-20346   | MEDIUM   | 3.21.0-r1         | 3.25.3-r0     | CVE-2018-20505 CVE-2018-20506    |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | sqlite: Multiple flaws in        |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | sqlite which can be triggered    |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | via...                           |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------------------+
| tar     | CVE-2018-20482   | LOW      | 1.29-r1           | 1.31-r0       | tar: Infinite read loop in       |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | sparse_dump_region function in   |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | sparse.c                         |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------------------+
```

</details>

### Skip update of vulnerability DB

`Trivy` always updates its vulnerability database when it starts operating. This is usually fast, as it is a difference update. But if you want to skip even that, use the `--skip-update` option.

```
$ trivy --skip-update python:3.4-alpine3.9
```

<details>
<summary>Result</summary>

```
2019-05-16T12:48:08.703+0900    INFO    Detecting Alpine vulnerabilities...

python:3.4-alpine3.9 (alpine 3.9.2)
===================================
Total: 1 (UNKNOWN: 0, LOW: 0, MEDIUM: 1, HIGH: 0, CRITICAL: 0)

+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------+
| LIBRARY | VULNERABILITY ID | SEVERITY | INSTALLED VERSION | FIXED VERSION |             TITLE              |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------+
| openssl | CVE-2019-1543    | MEDIUM   | 1.1.1a-r1         | 1.1.1b-r1     | openssl: ChaCha20-Poly1305     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | with long nonces               |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------+
```

</details>


### Only download vulnerability database

You can also ask `Trivy` to simply retrieve the vulnerability database. This is useful to initialize workers in Continuous Integration systems. In the first run, the `--only-update` option is silently ignored.

```
$ trivy --download-db-only
$ trivy --download-db-only --only-update alpine
```

### Ignore unfixed vulnerabilities

By default, `Trivy` also detects unpatched/unfixed vulnerabilities. This means you can't fix these vulnerabilities even if you update all packages.
If you would like to ignore them, use the `--ignore-unfixed` option.

```
$ trivy --ignore-unfixed ruby:2.3.0
```

<details>
<summary>Result</summary>

```
2019-05-16T12:49:52.656+0900    INFO    Updating vulnerability database...
2019-05-16T12:50:14.786+0900    INFO    Detecting Debian vulnerabilities...

ruby:2.3.0 (debian 8.4)
=======================
Total: 4730 (UNKNOWN: 1, LOW: 145, MEDIUM: 3487, HIGH: 1014, CRITICAL: 83)

+------------------------------+------------------+----------+----------------------------+----------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+
|           LIBRARY            | VULNERABILITY ID | SEVERITY |     INSTALLED VERSION      |          FIXED VERSION           |                        TITLE                        |
+------------------------------+------------------+----------+----------------------------+----------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+
| apt                          | CVE-2019-3462    | CRITICAL | 1.0.9.8.3                  | 1.0.9.8.5                        | Incorrect sanitation of the                         |
|                              |                  |          |                            |                                  | 302 redirect field in HTTP                          |
|                              |                  |          |                            |                                  | transport method of...                              |
+                              +------------------+----------+                            +----------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+
|                              | CVE-2016-1252    | MEDIUM   |                            | 1.0.9.8.4                        | The apt package in Debian                           |
|                              |                  |          |                            |                                  | jessie before 1.0.9.8.4, in                         |
|                              |                  |          |                            |                                  | Debian unstable before...                           |
+------------------------------+------------------+----------+----------------------------+----------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+
| bash                         | CVE-2019-9924    | HIGH     | 4.3-11                     | 4.3-11+deb8u2                    | bash: BASH_CMD is writable in                       |
|                              |                  |          |                            |                                  | restricted bash shells                              |
+                              +------------------+          +                            +----------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+
|                              | CVE-2016-7543    |          |                            | 4.3-11+deb8u1                    | bash: Specially crafted                             |
|                              |                  |          |                            |                                  | SHELLOPTS+PS4 variables allows                      |
|                              |                  |          |                            |                                  | command substitution                                |
+                              +------------------+----------+                            +                                  +-----------------------------------------------------+
|                              | CVE-2016-0634    | MEDIUM   |                            |                                  | bash: Arbitrary code execution                      |
|                              |                  |          |                            |                                  | via malicious hostname                              |
+                              +------------------+----------+                            +----------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+
|                              | CVE-2016-9401    | LOW      |                            | 4.3-11+deb8u2                    | bash: popd controlled free                          |
+------------------------------+------------------+----------+----------------------------+----------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+
...
```

</details>

### Specify exit code

By default, `Trivy` exits with code 0 even when vulnerabilities are detected.
Use the `--exit-code` option if you want to exit with a non-zero exit code.

```
$ trivy --exit-code 1 python:3.4-alpine3.9
```

<details>
<summary>Result</summary>

```
2019-05-16T12:51:43.500+0900    INFO    Updating vulnerability database...
2019-05-16T12:52:00.387+0900    INFO    Detecting Alpine vulnerabilities...

python:3.4-alpine3.9 (alpine 3.9.2)
===================================
Total: 1 (UNKNOWN: 0, LOW: 0, MEDIUM: 1, HIGH: 0, CRITICAL: 0)

+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------+
| LIBRARY | VULNERABILITY ID | SEVERITY | INSTALLED VERSION | FIXED VERSION |             TITLE              |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------+
| openssl | CVE-2019-1543    | MEDIUM   | 1.1.1a-r1         | 1.1.1b-r1     | openssl: ChaCha20-Poly1305     |
|         |                  |          |                   |               | with long nonces               |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------+
```

</details>

This option is useful for CI/CD. In the following example, the test will fail only when a critical vulnerability is found.

```
$ trivy --exit-code 0 --severity MEDIUM,HIGH ruby:2.3.0
$ trivy --exit-code 1 --severity CRITICAL ruby:2.3.0
```

### Ignore the specified vulnerabilities

Use `.trivyignore`.

```
$ cat .trivyignore
# Accept the risk
CVE-2018-14618

# No impact in our settings
CVE-2019-1543

$ trivy python:3.4-alpine3.9
```

<details>
<summary>Result</summary>

```
2019-05-16T12:53:10.076+0900    INFO    Updating vulnerability database...
2019-05-16T12:53:28.134+0900    INFO    Detecting Alpine vulnerabilities...

python:3.4-alpine3.9 (alpine 3.9.2)
===================================
Total: 0 (UNKNOWN: 0, LOW: 0, MEDIUM: 0, HIGH: 0, CRITICAL: 0)

```

</details>

### Specify cache directory

```
$ trivy --cache-dir /tmp/trivy/ python:3.4-alpine3.9
```

### Clear image caches

The `--clear-cache` option removes image caches. This option is useful if the image which has the same tag is updated (such as when using `latest` tag).

**The scan is not performed.**

```
$ trivy --clear-cache
```

<details>
<summary>Result</summary>

```
2019-11-15T15:13:26.209+0200    INFO    Reopening vulnerability DB
2019-11-15T15:13:26.209+0200    INFO    Removing image caches...
```

</details>

### Reset

The `--reset` option removes all caches and database. After this, it takes a long time as the vulnerability database needs to be rebuilt locally.

```
$ trivy --reset
```

<details>
<summary>Result</summary>

```
2019-05-16T13:05:31.935+0900    INFO    Resetting...
```

</details>

### Use lightweight DB

The lightweight DB doesn't contain vulnerability detail such as descriptions and references. Because of that, the size of the DB is smaller and the download is faster.


This option is useful when you don't need vulnerability details and is suitable for CI/CD.
To find the additional information, you can search vulnerability details on the NVD website.  
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search

```
$ trivy --light alpine:3.10
```

`--light` option doesn't display titles like the following example.

<details>
<summary>Result</summary>

```
2019-11-14T10:21:01.553+0200    INFO    Reopening vulnerability DB
2019-11-14T10:21:02.574+0200    INFO    Detecting Alpine vulnerabilities...

alpine:3.10 (alpine 3.10.2)
===========================
Total: 3 (UNKNOWN: 0, LOW: 1, MEDIUM: 2, HIGH: 0, CRITICAL: 0)

+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+
| LIBRARY | VULNERABILITY ID | SEVERITY | INSTALLED VERSION | FIXED VERSION |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+
| openssl | CVE-2019-1549    | MEDIUM   | 1.1.1c-r0         | 1.1.1d-r0     |
+         +------------------+          +                   +               +
|         | CVE-2019-1563    |          |                   |               |
+         +------------------+----------+                   +               +
|         | CVE-2019-1547    | LOW      |                   |               |
+---------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+
```
</details>

### Deprecated options

`--only-update`, `--refresh` and `--auto-refresh` are deprecated since they are unnecessary now. These options will be removed at the next version

# Continuous Integration (CI)

Scan your image built in Travis CI/CircleCI. The test will fail if a vulnerability is found. When you don't want to fail the test, specify `--exit-code 0` .

Since in automated scenarios such as CI/CD you only interested in the end result, and not the full report, use the `--light` flag to optimize for this scenario and get fast results.

## Travis CI

```
$ cat .travis.yml
services:
  - docker

env:
  global:
    - COMMIT=${TRAVIS_COMMIT::8}

before_install:
  - docker build -t trivy-ci-test:${COMMIT} .
  - export VERSION=$(curl --silent "https://api.github.com/repos/aquasecurity/trivy/releases/latest" | grep '"tag_name":' | sed -E 's/.*"v([^"]+)".*/\1/')
  - wget https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/releases/download/v${VERSION}/trivy_${VERSION}_Linux-64bit.tar.gz
  - tar zxvf trivy_${VERSION}_Linux-64bit.tar.gz
script:
  - ./trivy --exit-code 0 --severity HIGH --no-progress trivy-ci-test:${COMMIT}
  - ./trivy --exit-code 1 --severity CRITICAL --no-progress trivy-ci-test:${COMMIT}
cache:
  directories:
    - $HOME/.cache/trivy
```

Example: https://travis-ci.org/aquasecurity/trivy-ci-test  
Repository: https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy-ci-test

## CircleCI

```
$ cat .circleci/config.yml
jobs:
  build:
    docker:
      - image: docker:18.09-git
    steps:
      - checkout
      - run:
          name: Build image
          command: docker build -t trivy-ci-test:${CIRCLE_SHA1} .
      - run:
          name: Install trivy
          command: |
            apk add --update curl
            VERSION=$(
                curl --silent "https://api.github.com/repos/aquasecurity/trivy/releases/latest" | \
                grep '"tag_name":' | \
                sed -E 's/.*"v([^"]+)".*/\1/'
            )

            wget https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/releases/download/v${VERSION}/trivy_${VERSION}_Linux-64bit.tar.gz
            tar zxvf trivy_${VERSION}_Linux-64bit.tar.gz
            mv trivy /usr/local/bin
      - run:
          name: Scan the local image with trivy
          command: trivy --exit-code 0 --no-progress trivy-ci-test:${CIRCLE_SHA1}
workflows:
  version: 2
  release:
    jobs:
      - build
```

Example: https://circleci.com/gh/aquasecurity/trivy-ci-test  
Repository: https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy-ci-test

## GitLab

```
$ cat .gitlab-ci.yml
stages:
  - test

trivy:
  stage: test
  image: docker:stable-git
  before_script:
    - docker build -t trivy-ci-test:${CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME} .
    - export VERSION=$(curl --silent "https://api.github.com/repos/aquasecurity/trivy/releases/latest" | grep '"tag_name":' | sed -E 's/.*"v([^"]+)".*/\1/')
    - wget https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/releases/download/v${VERSION}/trivy_${VERSION}_Linux-64bit.tar.gz
    - tar zxvf trivy_${VERSION}_Linux-64bit.tar.gz
  variables:
    DOCKER_DRIVER: overlay2
  allow_failure: true
  services:
    - docker:stable-dind
  script:
    - ./trivy --exit-code 0 --severity HIGH --no-progress trivy-ci-test:${CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME}
    - ./trivy --exit-code 1 --severity CRITICAL --no-progress trivy-ci-test:${CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME}
  cache:
    directories:
      - $HOME/.cache/trivy
```   

## Authorization for Private Docker Registry

Trivy can download images from a private registry, without installing `Docker` or any other 3rd party tools.
That's because it's easy to run in a CI process.

All you have to do is install `Trivy` and set ENV vars.
But, I can't recommend using ENV vars in your local machine to you.

### Docker Hub

Docker Hub needs `TRIVY_AUTH_URL`, `TRIVY_USERNAME` and `TRIVY_PASSWORD`.
You don't need to set ENV vars when download from public repository.

```bash
export TRIVY_AUTH_URL=https://registry.hub.docker.com
export TRIVY_USERNAME={DOCKERHUB_USERNAME}
export TRIVY_PASSWORD={DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD}
```

### Amazon ECR (Elastic Container Registry)

Trivy uses AWS SDK. You don't need to install `aws` CLI tool.
You can use [AWS CLI's ENV Vars](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/userguide/cli-configure-envvars.html).

### GCR (Google Container Registry)

Trivy uses Google Cloud SDK. You don't need to install `gcloud` command.

If you want to use target project's repository, you can settle via `GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIAL`.
```bash
# must set TRIVY_USERNAME empty char
export GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS=/path/to/credential.json
```

### Self Hosted Registry (BasicAuth)

BasicAuth server needs `TRIVY_USERNAME` and `TRIVY_PASSWORD`.

```bash
export TRIVY_USERNAME={USERNAME}
export TRIVY_PASSWORD={PASSWORD}

# if you want to use 80 port, use NonSSL
export TRIVY_NON_SSL=true
```

# Vulnerability Detection

## OS Packages

The unfixed/unfixable vulnerabilities mean that the patch has not yet been provided on their distribution.

| OS                           | Supported Versions                       | Target Packages               | Detection of unfixed vulnerabilities |
| ---------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | :----------------------------------: |
| Alpine Linux                 | 2.2 - 2.7, 3.0 - 3.10                    | Installed by apk              |                  NO                  |
| Red Hat Universal Base Image | 7, 8                                     | Installed by yum/rpm          |                 YES                  |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux     | 6, 7, 8                                  | Installed by yum/rpm          |                 YES                  |
| CentOS                       | 6, 7                                     | Installed by yum/rpm          |                 YES                  |
| Amazon Linux                 | 1, 2                                     | Installed by apt/apt-get/dpkg |                  NO                  |
| Debian GNU/Linux             | wheezy, jessie, stretch, buster          | Installed by apt/apt-get/dpkg |                 YES                  |
| Ubuntu                       | 12.04, 14.04, 16.04, 18.04, 18.10, 19.04 | Installed by apt/apt-get/dpkg |                 YES                  |
| Distroless                   | Any                                      | Installed by apt/apt-get/dpkg |                 YES                  |

RHEL, CentOS and Amazon Linux package information is stored in a binary format, and Trivy uses the `rpm` executable to parse this information when scanning an image based on RHEL or CentOS. The Trivy container image includes `rpm`, and the installers include it as a dependency. If you installed the `trivy` binary using `wget` or `curl`, or if you build it from source, you will also need to ensure that `rpm` is available.

Distroless: https://github.com/GoogleContainerTools/distroless

## Application Dependencies

`Trivy` automatically detects the following files in the container and scans vulnerabilities in the application dependencies.

- Gemfile.lock
- Pipfile.lock
- poetry.lock
- composer.lock
- package-lock.json
- yarn.lock
- Cargo.lock

The path of these files does not matter.

Example: https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy-ci-test/blob/master/Dockerfile

## Image Tar format
Trivy scans a tar image with the following format.

- Docker Image Specification (https://github.com/moby/moby/tree/master/image/spec)
  - Moby Project (https://github.com/moby/moby/)
  - Buildah, Podman (https://github.com/containers/buildah)
  - img (https://github.com/genuinetools/img)
- Kaniko
  - Kaniko (https://github.com/GoogleContainerTools/kaniko)


### Data source
- PHP
  - https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories
- Python
  - https://github.com/pyupio/safety-db
- Ruby
  - https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db
- Node.js
  - https://github.com/nodejs/security-wg
- Rust
  - https://github.com/RustSec/advisory-db

# Usage

```
NAME:
  trivy - A simple and comprehensive vulnerability scanner for containers
USAGE:
  main [options] image_name
VERSION:
  0.2.0
OPTIONS:
  --template value, -t value  output template [$TRIVY_TEMPLATE]
  --format value, -f value    format (table, json, template) (default: "table") [$TRIVY_FORMAT]
  --input value, -i value     input file path instead of image name [$TRIVY_INPUT]
  --severity value, -s value  severities of vulnerabilities to be displayed (comma separated) (default: "UNKNOWN,LOW,MEDIUM,HIGH,CRITICAL") [$TRIVY_SEVERITY]
  --output value, -o value    output file name [$TRIVY_OUTPUT]
  --exit-code value           Exit code when vulnerabilities were found (default: 0) [$TRIVY_EXIT_CODE]
  --skip-update               skip db update [$TRIVY_SKIP_UPDATE]
  --download-db-only          download/update vulnerability database but don't run a scan [$TRIVY_DOWNLOAD_DB_ONLY]
  --reset                     remove all caches and database [$TRIVY_RESET]
  --clear-cache, -c           clear image caches [$TRIVY_CLEAR_CACHE]
  --quiet, -q                 suppress progress bar and log output [$TRIVY_QUIET]
  --no-progress               suppress progress bar [$TRIVY_NO_PROGRESS]
  --ignore-unfixed            display only fixed vulnerabilities [$TRIVY_IGNORE_UNFIXED]
  --debug, -d                 debug mode [$TRIVY_DEBUG]
  --vuln-type value           comma-separated list of vulnerability types (os,library) (default: "os,library") [$TRIVY_VULN_TYPE]
  --cache-dir value           use as cache directory, but image cache is stored in /path/to/cache/fanal (default: "/Users/teppei/Library/Caches/trivy") [$TRIVY_CACHE_DIR]
  --ignorefile value          specify .trivyignore file (default: ".trivyignore") [$TRIVY_IGNOREFILE]
  --timeout value             docker timeout (default: 1m0s) [$TRIVY_TIMEOUT]
  --light                     light mode: it's faster, but vulnerability descriptions and references are not displayed
  --only-update value         deprecated [$TRIVY_ONLY_UPDATE]
  --refresh                   deprecated [$TRIVY_REFRESH]
  --auto-refresh              deprecated [$TRIVY_AUTO_REFRESH]
  --help, -h                  show help
  --version, -v               print the version

```

# Comparison with other scanners

## Overview

| Scanner        | OS<br>Packages | Application<br>Dependencies | Easy to use | Accuracy | Suitable<br>for CI |
| -------------- | :------------: | :-------------------------: | :---------: | :------: | :-------------------: |
| Trivy          |       ◯        |              ◯              |      ◯      |    ◎     |           ◯           |
| Clair          |       ◯        |              ×              |      △      |    ◯     |           △           |
| Anchore Engine |       ◯        |              △              |      △      |    ◯     |           △           |
| Quay           |       ◯        |              ×              |      ◯      |    ◯     |           ×           |
| MicroScanner   |       ◯        |              ×              |      ◯      |    ◯     |           ◯           |
| Docker Hub     |       ◯        |              ×              |      ◯      |    ×     |           ×           |
| GCR            |       ◯        |              ×              |      ◯      |    ◯     |           ×           |

## vs Clair

[Clair](https://github.com/coreos/clair) uses [alpine-secdb](https://github.com/alpinelinux/alpine-secdb/).
However, the purpose of this database is to make it possible to know what packages has backported fixes.
As README says, it is not a complete database of all security issues in Alpine.

`Trivy` collects vulnerability information in Alpine Linux from [Alpine Linux aports repository](https://gitlab.alpinelinux.org/alpine/aports).
Then, those vulnerabilities will be saved on [vuln-list](https://github.com/aquasecurity/vuln-list/tree/master/alpine).

`alpine-secdb` has 6959 vulnerabilities (as of 2019/05/12).
`vuln-list` has 11101 vulnerabilities related to Alpine Linux (as of 2019/05/12).
There is a difference in detection accuracy because the number of vulnerabilities is nearly doubled.

In addition, `Trivy` analyzes the middle layers as well to find out which version of the library was used for static linking.

`Clair` can not handle the following cases because it analyzes the image after applying all layers.

```
RUN apk add --no-cache sqlite-dev \
 && wget https://xxx/yyy.tar.gz \
 && tar zxvf yyy.tar.gz && cd yyy \
 && make && make install \
 && apk del sqlite-dev
```

And as many people know, it is difficult to select a `Clair` client because many clients are deprecated.

Trivy is a stand-alone tool and can scan very fast. This means it's very easy to use in CI/CD.

Finally, `Trivy` can also detect vulnerabilities in application dependent libraries such as Bundler, Composer, Pipenv, etc.

## vs Anchore Engine

Similar to Clair, there is a difference in detection accuracy on Alpine Linux.
Then, as noted above, `Anchore Engine` does not detect unfixable vulnerabilities on RHEL/CentOS, whereas `Trivy` does.

Also, `Anchore Engine` needs some steps to start scanning.
`Trivy` is much easier to use.

## vs Quay, Docker Hub, GCR

As `Quay` uses `Clair` internally, it has the same accuracy as `Clair`. `Docker Hub` can scan only official images. `GCR` hardly detects vulnerabilities on Alpine Linux. Also, it is locked to a specific registry.

`Trivy` can be used regardless of the registry, and it is easily integrated with CI/CD services.

# Migration

On 19 August 2019, Trivy's repositories moved from `knqyf263/trivy` to `aquasecurity/trivy`. If you previously installed Trivy you should update any scripts or package manager records as described in this section.

## Overview
If you have a script that installs Trivy (for example into your CI pipelines) you should update it to obtain it from the new location by replacing knqyf263/trivy with aquasecurity/trivy.

For example:
```bash
# Before
$ wget https://github.com/knqyf263/trivy/releases/download/v${VERSION}/trivy_${VERSION}_Linux-64bit.tar.gz

# After
$ wget https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/releases/download/v${VERSION}/trivy_${VERSION}_Linux-64bit.tar.gz
```

## CentOS/RedHat
Use https://aquasecurity.github.io instead of https://knqyf263.github.io.

```bash
$ yum remove trivy
$ sed -i s/knqyf263/aquasecurity/g /etc/yum.repos.d/trivy.repo
$ yum update
$ yum install trivy
```

## Debian/Ubuntu
Use https://aquasecurity.github.io instead of https://knqyf263.github.io.

```bash
$ apt-get remove --purge trivy
$ sed -i s/knqyf263/aquasecurity/g /etc/apt/sources.list.d/trivy.list
$ apt-get update
$ apt-get install trivy
```

## Homebrew
Tap aquasecurity/trivy

```bash
$ brew uninstall --force trivy
$ brew untap knqyf263/trivy
$ brew install aquasecurity/trivy/trivy
```

## Binary (Including Windows)
No need to fix.


# Q&A

## Homebrew

### Error: Your macOS keychain GitHub credentials do not have sufficient scope!

```
$ brew tap aquasecurity/trivy
Error: Your macOS keychain GitHub credentials do not have sufficient scope!
Scopes they need: none
Scopes they have:
Create a personal access token:
https://github.com/settings/tokens/new?scopes=gist,public_repo&description=Homebrew
echo 'export HOMEBREW_GITHUB_API_TOKEN=your_token_here' >> ~/.zshrc
```

Try:

```
$ printf "protocol=https\nhost=github.com\n" | git credential-osxkeychain erase
```

### Error: aquasecurity/trivy/trivy 64 already installed

```
$ brew upgrade
...
Error: aquasecurity/trivy/trivy 64 already installed
```

Try:

```
$ brew unlink trivy && brew uninstall trivy
($ rm -rf /usr/local/Cellar/trivy/64)
$ brew install aquasecurity/trivy/trivy
```

## Others

### GitHub Rate limiting

Specify GITHUB_TOKEN for authentication  
https://developer.github.com/v3/#rate-limiting

```
$ GITHUB_TOKEN=XXXXXXXXXX trivy alpine:3.10
```

### Unknown error

Try again with `--reset` option:

```
$ trivy --reset
```

# Related Projects

- [Remic](https://github.com/knqyf263/remic)
  - Vulnerability Scanner for Detecting Publicly Disclosed Vulnerabilities in Application Dependencies  
---

# Credits

- Special thanks to [Tomoya Amachi](https://github.com/tomoyamachi)
- Special thanks to [Masahiro Fujimura](https://github.com/masahiro331)
- Special thanks to [Naoki Harima](https://github.com/XapiMa)

# License

This repository is available under the [GNU Affero General Public License v3.0](https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/blob/master/LICENSE)

# Author

[Teppei Fukuda](https://github.com/knqyf263) (knqyf263)
