ok, so pressing Ctrl+D opens that dialog {1} - that I could figure out from the menu entry.

{1} Alt+Return would be a more common shortcut on Windows to display file properties

Adobe Acrobat also uses Ctrl+D for file properties:

Appreciate your effort, but I explicitly wrote a more common shortcut on Windows not for "other PDF applications" let alone any "Adobe product".
I added this remark after I checked the list of supported operating systems, and guess what? It's not even a list, just Windows. Therefore I believe suggesting "a more common shortcut on Windows" is legit. Also "more common" does not mean "the default" or "the standard".
Not that linguistics matters these days.

So here's a little UI lesson from a seasoned UI developer and UX consultant ...

Adobe's choice of shortcuts is only relevant with their own set of applications where they aim to be consistent with both generic and identical commands. They're doing quit well.
And it's slightly irrelevant for the subject matter, because unlike SumatraPDF, Adobe software is also multi platform (for the most part) and the Option key (the equivalent of Alternate on MacOS) is more or less occupied by the OS itself.

Single Option+whatever shortcuts inside programs that (also) run on Macs aren't really a thing or very, very rare at best (i.e. Blender), but rather used to provide "options" for any existing (main) commands based off Command, Control + Shift. Adobe does this a lot and very thoughtful. I wished Affinity would copy that, too :)

The same no-single-alt+key shortcut "rule" is true for many other multi platform apps such as web browsers.

So if you want to do the nitpicking: on Windows Alt+Return/Enter ...

• in Windows Explorer opens File, Folder, Drive properties
• on a Desktop icon opens Shortcut properties
• on "My Computer" gives you System Settings
• inside (older) M$ apps opened document properties (they changed this with the advent of "online office")
• TextPad editor: file properties

and there are other native (Windows only) applications that use this pattern.
"Unfortunately" most modern apps are multi-platform (or effing Electron based) so this key combo is now rare -- or there's no shortcut at all to quickly reach for file/document properties, which often is a pita.

whereas Acrobat shortcut for Ctrl+D is Alt F + e

Because the letter r has already been assigned to "Convert to Word, Excel or PowerPoint".
Presumably a deliberate choice of Adobe, to be consistent among the many localizations of Acrobat: "Word" as product name remains "Word" in virtually any translation, whereas "properties" is a translatable UI string. The 2nd key (after pressing Alt+F) for this feature will or course change depending on the localization.

On Windows, however, Alt+Fis simply based on the first letter in "File" or "Fichier" which is a top level menu item. This keystroke would also vary in different locales, i.e. "Datei" (german), "Archivo" (spanish), "Plik" (polish) as the Windows GUI guidelines for such menu commands recommend for consistency: use the first letter of a command's noun or action word as the 2nd level shortcut key.
Simple mnemonics or in other words: don't just make shit up. 😎

Have a nice day.👋🏻